初中英語語法非謂語動詞.ppt

1、非謂語動詞,初中英語非謂語動詞知識點總結: 非謂語動詞主要指在句中不能充當謂語，而是充當其他語法功能的動詞。非謂語動詞有三種：動詞不定式、動名詞和分詞（包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞），現(xiàn)在分詞和動名詞又統(tǒng)稱為動詞的-ing形式。非謂語動詞沒有人稱和數的變化. 在中考中，對不定式和動名詞的考查最多，尤其是疑問詞+不定式，不定式作賓補，及只能用動詞-ing形式作賓語的情況?？疾樾问酵ǔ閱芜x、句型轉化、完成句子等。,非謂語動詞,動詞不定式,基本形式及特點,用法,注意事項,返回主頁,動詞不定式,（1）基本形式： to+動詞原形 （在某些情況下可以不帶 to）,返回主頁,動詞不定式,(3) 用法 ：,A、作

2、主語，如,To learn a foreign language is not easy . = Its not easy to learn a foreign language.,注意：不定式短語作主語如果太長，常用it作形式主語，將不定式后置。除動詞be外， 動詞take也常用于上述結構。,B、作表語，如,The important thing is to finish the work on time .,返回主頁,動詞不定式,作賓語,C、,動詞 + to do (下面的11個動詞必須準確記憶）,動詞+疑問詞 + to do,動詞 + it(形式賓語）+賓補 +to do,常見動詞有 a

3、gree,decide ,fail（失?。? hope, wish , want, plan，promise(發(fā)誓）, seem（似乎）, expect （期望）,happen（to do碰巧）,I dont know what to do .,I find it important to learn English.,返回主頁,Li Mei asked me to show her the new dictionary .,注：有以上結構的常用動詞有 tell. wish, ask, want , like, beg（乞求）, invite,warn（警告）, allow（允許）,encou

4、rage（鼓勵）,advise（建議） 等。,(不帶 to 的不定式),注：常用的動詞是：感官動詞see, hear, feel, watch, notice用于often的句中； 使役動詞 have ,make,let.,返回主頁,E、作狀語,可以表目的、表結果、表原因,F、作定語（必須后置）,動詞不定式,返回主頁,I have something to say . Its the best way to help him .,Marry opened the door for him to come in (目的） .,大家來說說,什么情況下用do （動詞原形） ?,1、had bette

5、r 后 2、使讓動詞 make , let , have 用于主動語態(tài)時。 3、感官動詞see, hear , watch , feel , notice 用在“經常”的主動語態(tài)時。 4、please 的后面 5、Why not / Why dont you 后 6、情態(tài)動詞之后。,注意：,在學習動詞不定式的時候還有兩點要注意哦！,1、在感官動詞和使役動詞后作賓補時，不定式可省略to,但以上詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，要加上to, 如,I always saw her play the violin .,He was made to work 12 hours a day.,返回主頁,2、動詞不定式的否

6、定形式為： not + to do,Mr.Smith asked the boy _(not play) this kind of game.,not to play,Please have him _(not do) so much housework.,not do,返回主頁,在“It is + 形容詞 + of sb + 不定式”結構中，形容詞往往表示人物的性格和特征，如kind, clever, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, impolite, honest, naughty等。在“It is + 形容詞 + for sb + 不定式

7、”結構中，形容詞通常表示事物的性質，如important, possible, impossible, difficult, hard等。比較It is good of you to help me with my English.你真好，幫助我學英語。(強調you的特征=You are good to help me.)It is good for you to give up smoking.戒煙對你有好處。(強調的是give up smoking這一行為= For you to give up smoking is good.),動名詞,基本形式及特征,用法,注意,返回主頁,動名詞,基本

8、形式,特點,動詞原形 + ing,具有名詞、動詞的一些特征。,返回主頁,動名詞,用法,1、作主語,Picking apples is much better than having classes.,2、作賓語,（1）只能接動名詞做賓語的動詞有miss（錯過）, finish, mind, keep, practice, enjoy, spend ,suggest（建議）等。,返回主頁,動名詞,（2）既可接動詞不定式又可接動名詞作賓語的動詞有兩類：,返回主頁,動名詞,3、作表語,His favorite sport is playing basketball .,4、作定語,finishing

9、 line（終點線）,返回主頁,注意兩點,1、動名詞的 復合結構為：,名詞所有格,形容詞性物主代詞,+ 動名詞,c,返回主頁,2、動名詞的習慣用語：,a. Its no use doing sth.,b. cant help doing sth. 禁不住做某事。,c. feel like doing sth.,d. be busy doing sth.,e. No doing,返回主頁,動名詞和不定式的用法區(qū)別： 無論做什么成分： 動名詞都表示“正在”或“一貫” 不定式表示“一次”或“將要”,分詞,現(xiàn)在分詞,過去分詞,返回主頁,現(xiàn)在分詞,基本形式：動詞原形+ ing,過去分詞,基本形式： 規(guī)則

10、動詞加ed 或不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞,developing country,developed country,返回主頁,現(xiàn)在分詞用法及意義： 1，表示正在進行 2，表示伴隨狀態(tài) 過去分詞用法及意義： 作定語：1，前置定語表示已經完成 2，后置定語表示被動,Have a,Have a,T,R,est?,est?,返回主頁,listen to a song and have a rest,返回主頁,Are you ready ? OK ! Now ,have a test!,返回主頁,總結與思考,什么情況下用to do ?,什么情況下用doing ?,什么情況下用do ?,1.Thank you

11、for us so well . A. to teach B. teaches C. taught D. teaching 2. I often do some on Sundays. A. washed B. to wash C. washing D. washes 3. The boy Jack in Class One is my brother. A. call B. to be called C. calling D. called 4.It often takes me half an hour home. A. Walking B. to walk C. walked D. wa

12、lks 5. Dont forget her clean water every day . A. to give B. giving C. given D. give,6. I think it is important English well . A. learning B. learn C. to learn D. learned 7. The funny story made us all hard . A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed 8. Our teacher told us hard at our lessons . A.

13、 to work B. work C. working D. worked,9. Could you tell me this newspaper ? A. to read how B. how to read C. what to read D. what read 10. I dont know next . A. what to do B. what to do it C. how to do D. to how do it 11. My hair is too long , so I must have it this afternoon. A.cut B. cuts C. cutti

14、ng D. cutted 12.Remember late for class again . A. not to B. be not to C. not to be D. not to come 13. Mr Smith asked the man the queue(跳隊夾塞） . A. not jump B. didnt jump C. not to jump D. to not jump,14.Why not with us ? You see , its very . A. go ; interested B. go; interesting C. to go ; intereste

15、d D. going ; interesting 15. What about to the cinema tonight ? -Thats a good idea. Id like with you . A. going ; going B. to go ; to go C. going ; to go D. go ; going 16.Everyone here is busy read for the coming entrance tests（入學考試） . A. get B. to get C. getting D. gets,17.weve worked for two hours

16、 . Lets a rest . A. stop to have B. stop having C. to stop to have D .stopping having 18. Would you mind me a favor （幫我一下）？ A. do B. to go C. doing D. did 19. Mr Wang asked me him . A. help B. helps C. to help D. helping 20. Please tell Jim not late again . A. to B. be C. to be D. be to,23.Please do

17、nt forget to me , will you ? A. to write B. writing C. write,22.The boy wants his father a question about the moon . asking B. to ask C. ask D. asked,21.Miss Yang asked the boy , the baby was sleeping in the room . A. to stop to sing B. to stop singing C. stop singing D. stop to sing,25.Its about si

18、x oclock, Lets _ supper now . A. stop having B. to stop having C. stop to have D. to stop to have 26.Wed better _ on the road . A car may hit us . A. not to play B. not play C. to not play D. dont play,24. Mother decided _ Tom away from school （輟學. A. to keep not B. keep not C. not to keep D. not keep,29. I often see them with some foreigners . A. talk B. to talk C. talking D. talked 30. He says life wont be worth without love . A. live B.living C. living D. to live,27. Liu Mei helped the Turners their tickets on the train . A. p