六級(jí)聽(tīng)力技巧.ppt

1、六級(jí)聽(tīng)力,第一講 對(duì)話的?？碱}型,1）地點(diǎn)方位題：?jiǎn)枌?duì)話發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)和場(chǎng)景 2）身份職業(yè)題：?jiǎn)栒f(shuō)話者的身份、職業(yè) 以及 兩者的關(guān)系等 3）時(shí)間、數(shù)字計(jì)算題：對(duì)對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)的一些時(shí)間和數(shù)字進(jìn)行提問(wèn)，通常要經(jīng)過(guò)一些簡(jiǎn)單 的運(yùn)算。 4）虛擬語(yǔ)氣題：對(duì)話對(duì)方有一方所言中含有虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而問(wèn)題多詢(xún)問(wèn)實(shí)際情況如如何。 5）否定關(guān)系題：對(duì)對(duì)話一方提的建議或觀點(diǎn)持否定態(tài)度,6）建議及請(qǐng)求題：一方提供幫助或提出某種請(qǐng)求，而另一方做出肯定或否定的反應(yīng)。 7）詞匯與習(xí)語(yǔ)題：主要考考生對(duì)某個(gè)單詞的理解 8）邏輯推理題：對(duì)對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)的一些細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行提問(wèn)，或者要求考生通過(guò)所聽(tīng)到的細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行推理。 9）轉(zhuǎn)折題：對(duì)話中含有“but”

2、”however”等轉(zhuǎn)折的詞。 10）重復(fù)反問(wèn)題：對(duì)一方的話先以反問(wèn)的口氣重復(fù)，然后再說(shuō)第二句。 11）主旨要義題：?jiǎn)枌?duì)話討論的是什么,1. 地點(diǎn)方位題,這類(lèi)題型中，對(duì)話雙方或一方直接或間接地提到某個(gè)地點(diǎn)或方向，要求考生根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，對(duì)對(duì)話雙方的相互關(guān)系進(jìn)行推理，以便辨別出對(duì)話的場(chǎng)所或?qū)υ捴兴峒暗膱?chǎng)所。 又是通過(guò)一兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞就可以判斷出對(duì)話的場(chǎng)所和方向了。,M: Ive just got back from the holiday you arranged for me. But I must tell you the hotel was really awful. It was miles

3、 from the sea. The food was awful, too. The bedroom was dirty. W: Sorry about that， But its not really our fault. The contract does say that the hotel accommodation is not our responsibility. Q: Where is the conversation probably taking place? a. At the airport b. In a travel agency c. In a hotel d.

4、 At the reception desk 男方抱怨對(duì)方安排的holiday不好，女方提到合同上的規(guī)定兩個(gè)內(nèi)容都可幫助考生推斷出答案應(yīng)為b。,M: I need to cash this check? W: Will you step right over to the tellers window, please? Q: Where is the conversation most probably taking place?,關(guān)于地點(diǎn)的提問(wèn)形式通常為： Where does/did the conversation probably take place? Where does this

5、 conversation most likely occur? Where are the man and woman talking? Where are the speakers now? Where will the man/the woman go? Where is the man/the woman?,表示地點(diǎn)場(chǎng)景特點(diǎn)的用語(yǔ)： School: assignment, lecture, paper, exam, campus, dorm, grades, (professor和 student) Bank: account, cash, check, deposit, saving

6、s (Bank clerk 和customer) Hospital/Clinic: prescription, symptom, temperature, cold, fever, stomachache, pain, trouble (Doctor和patient),Restaurant: menu, soup, drink, beverage, dish, beef, chicken, order, fill (customer和waiter) Airport/Station: train, coach, car, timetable, take off, passenger (Airpo

7、rt staff 和traveler) Post office: parcel, package, stamp, letter, airmail, regular mail, postage, rate (Postman 和 customer),2. 身份職業(yè)題,此類(lèi)問(wèn)題要求應(yīng)試者確認(rèn)談話者的身份、職業(yè)或確認(rèn)談話者之間的相互關(guān)系，常見(jiàn)的就身份、職業(yè)及人物關(guān)系而提的問(wèn)題有： What is the persons probable vacation/job? Who are the speakers? What is the relationship between the two speake

8、rs? Who is the woman/man speaking to?,W：Can I help you, sir? M：Yes. Do you have this coat in a large size? Q：What is the woman? A. shop assistant B. Nurse C. Waitress D.Teacher,M: Good evening, Madam. There is a table for two over there. This way, please. W: Thank you. Could I see the menu, please?

9、Q: Whats the relationship between the man and woman? A) Husband and wife. B) Waiter and customer. C) Salesman and customer.D) Host and guest.,表示職業(yè)關(guān)系的用語(yǔ)：,1) Restaurant：dish, order, menu, bill, soft drink, soup, table, waiter, waitress May I have the bill? What would you like to order? A table for two

10、? Profession：Waiter, Waitress Relationship：Waiter/Waitress 5 minutes early; early by 5 minutes. 5 minutes later 為了快而準(zhǔn)確地對(duì)數(shù)字有所反應(yīng)，要熟悉一些單詞和表達(dá)式 時(shí)間 數(shù)字 貨幣 有關(guān)計(jì)算的方法,Man (M): What time did yesterdays football match start? Woman (W): It was supposed to start at a quarter to 7, but it was delayed an hour. Quest

11、ion(Q): When did the game finally start?,W: I thought to go to town now. I have some shopping to do. M: Dont spend too much, I wont get paid until next week. Q: When will he be paid?,W: Do you live in a college dormitory? M: Yes, I do. Its a six-man suite, but at the moment only four of us live ther

12、e. Q: How many people share the suite now?,4. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣題,對(duì)話雙方中有一方所言中含有虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件句。這類(lèi)題型對(duì)話中多采用虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式，而問(wèn)題則多詢(xún)問(wèn)實(shí)際情況如何。做這類(lèi)試題時(shí)，尤其要注意時(shí)態(tài)的運(yùn)用： 時(shí)間 條件從句 主句 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 were/V-ed, would+do 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反 had done, would+have done 與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反 should/were to+do would+do,常見(jiàn)提問(wèn)形式：,What can we learn from the conversation? What can be conclude

13、d from this conversation? What does the man mean (imply) ? What does the womans answer suggest? What happened to the two speakers ?,W: How do you like the play you saw last night? M: Well, I should have stayed at home. Q: What does the man think of the play? A) It is exciting. B) It is boring. C) He

14、 didnt see the play. D) He like it very much.,M: Ann, do you have any extra money you could loan me? W: I wish I could help you. I went shopping yesterday. Now I have only two dollars till the end of the week. Q: Will the man borrow any money from the woman?,5.否定關(guān)系題,否定關(guān)系題可分為兩類(lèi)：表面否定和隱含否定。表面否定題主要考察英語(yǔ)中

15、否定的表達(dá)，因此掌握一些表示否定意義的單詞、短語(yǔ)，是做好這類(lèi)聽(tīng)力題的關(guān)鍵。隱含否定題最大的特點(diǎn)是含義是否定的，但不說(shuō)任何否定詞，即表面是肯定的，含義是否定的。對(duì)話對(duì)方提出問(wèn)題，另一方?jīng)]有直接回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題，而是講了一個(gè)事實(shí)，通過(guò)事實(shí)來(lái)表示否定。,表示否定的常用詞和短語(yǔ)：,seldom, barely, rarely, scarcely, hardly, few, nobody, nothing, neither, nor, no, not, never, little, none, nowhere, deny, fail, without, dislike, ignore, refuse, re

16、ject, at a loss, out of, instead of, short of, far from, free from, rather than, allnot, both not, everynot, tooto, cant but, anything but, not until.,有些表達(dá)法看似表面否定，但其含義卻為肯定，如：I cant agree with you more. I couldnt feel better about it.,常見(jiàn)提問(wèn)方式：,What is the mans/ womans attitude toward the conversation?

17、 How does the man/woman feel? The mans/womans feeling toward the subject can be best described as? What do we learn from the conversation?,W: Did you find the book for your reading assignment in the library? M: It closed before I got there. I had no idea it closes so early on weekends. Q: what does

18、the man mean?,6.建議請(qǐng)求題,這類(lèi)題常常是一方提供幫助或提出某種請(qǐng)求，而另一方做出肯定或否定的反應(yīng)。因?yàn)檫x項(xiàng)主要涉及動(dòng)作，所以考生在瀏覽選項(xiàng)時(shí)，應(yīng)將不同的動(dòng)詞劃線，加深印象。,表達(dá)建議或請(qǐng)求的方式：,Would you mind.? Why dont you?/ Why not? / how about? Wouldntbe wiser? You might as well If I were you, Id Perhaps we should. Could you do me a favor?,提問(wèn)方式：,Whats the womans reply to the man? W

19、hat does the man/woman suggest? What does the man/woman mean?,W: Im thinking of taking five courses next term. M: wouldnt four be wiser? Q: what does the man mean?,熟悉表示觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度的常見(jiàn)詞語(yǔ)：,表示贊成：approve, agree, share, prefer, wise, reasonable, favorable表示反對(duì)：disapprove, disagree, unwise, ridiculous, foolish, ch

20、ildish表示贊賞：admire，appreciate，think much of, think highly of表示喜歡：enjoy, wonderful，fascinating, funny, be fond of, be keen on表示厭煩：dislike, bored/ boring, be tired of表示關(guān)心：concerned, careful, care about表示怨恨或生氣：hate, hatred, angry, anger, initiated表示害怕或擔(dān)心：fearful, frightened, worried, nervous表示批評(píng)或諷刺：crit

21、ical, criticize, ironic，find fault with表示失望或灰心：disappointed, discouraged表示后悔或遺憾：regret, regretful, pity, shame表示漠然或熱情：indifferent, detached, careless, enthusiastic表示積極或消極：active, positive, negative表示自信或自負(fù)：confident, arrogant, proud表示樂(lè)觀或悲觀：optimistic, pessimistic,7. 詞匯與習(xí)語(yǔ)題,這類(lèi)題主要測(cè)試考生對(duì)某個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)的理解。因此，只要平時(shí)

22、熟記?？嫉膯卧~，詞組和習(xí)語(yǔ)，做起來(lái)這類(lèi)題就會(huì)得心應(yīng)手。通常情況下，這類(lèi)題的正確選型總是以另一種表達(dá)方式來(lái)解釋或代替對(duì)話中的內(nèi)容，所以，考生還需要了解同一概念的不同表達(dá)方式。,提問(wèn)方式：,What do we learn from this conversation?What does the man mean?What can be inferred from the conversation?What do we know about?,M: I wish I hadnt thrown away that reading list!W: I thought you might regret

23、it. Thats why I picked it up from the waste paper basket and left it on the desk.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?,聽(tīng)力常考詞組,A case in point恰當(dāng)?shù)睦?a narrow escape 死里逃生 A piece of cake 小事一樁 a stones throw 很近 Account for 解釋 against ones will 違背某人意愿 Ahead of schedule 提前 all the year round 一年到頭 Ano

24、ther pair of shoes 另當(dāng)別論 anything but 決不 Apple of ones eye 掌上明珠 bad/rotten apple 壞家伙(類(lèi)似于漢語(yǔ)中的“老鼠屎”),as luck would have it 碰巧 at sixes and sevens 亂七八糟 back/current issue 過(guò)/現(xiàn)刊 be available 可提供，方便的 be bound to 肯定會(huì) be far from 遠(yuǎn)不是，根本不是 be fed up with 對(duì).厭倦，厭煩 be free of 免除，脫離 be no exception 不例外 beat about

25、 the bush 說(shuō)話繞圈子 behind schedule 晚點(diǎn) beside the point 離題 bite off more than one can chew 好高騖遠(yuǎn)，承擔(dān)太多的工作而無(wú)法完成,born with a silver spoon in ones mouth 出身富貴 break down (車(chē)等)出故障 by and large 總的說(shuō)來(lái)，大體上 call it a day 結(jié)束，到此為止 call off 取消 can do with 將就，能對(duì)付 castle in the air 不切實(shí)際的想法 catch on 變得流行，受歡迎 cheer up 振作起來(lái)

26、 chilled to the bone 凍僵了 come across 偶然碰見(jiàn) come true實(shí)現(xiàn) come straight to the point 開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山 count on 依靠，指望 day in and day out 每天，始終,dos and donts規(guī)則 down to earth 實(shí)事求是 doze off 打瞌睡 draw near 臨近，接近 dress up 穿盛裝 drop out 輟學(xué)，放棄 easy come, easy go 來(lái)的容易去得快 fall behind 落后 familiar with 熟悉 few and far between 很少

27、figure out 弄清楚，想出，算出 fill the prescription 按藥房配藥 find fault with 挑剔，抱怨 for the time being 暫時(shí) for good 永遠(yuǎn) for a change 換換花樣 from bad to worse 每況愈下,gain weight 增加體重 get out of bed on the wrong side起床心情不好 get somewhere 取得進(jìn)展 give sb. a lift/ride 讓某人搭順風(fēng)車(chē) give sb a cold shoulder 待人冷淡 go Dutch AA制 good for

28、 nothing 沒(méi)用的人或物 go on a diet 節(jié)食 go sightseeing 觀光 go with 與.相配 have a word with 和.談話 have access to 可以使用 have ones hands full 十分繁忙 have an appointment with 與某人約會(huì),have nothing to do with 與.沒(méi)關(guān)系 have butterflies in ones stomach 緊張 have no idea 不知道 have the final say 有決定權(quán) have sth. in common有共同之處 head f

29、or 前往 hear oneself think 專(zhuān)心思考 heart and soul 完全，徹底 heavy traffic 交通擁擠 high time 該做什么的時(shí)候了 hit the ceiling 勃然大怒 hold the line 別掛電話 hold up 耽擱 in a mess 混亂，亂七八糟,in a sense從某種意義上來(lái)講 in addition to 除了 in advance 提前 in case 以防,以免 in debt 負(fù)債 in a good/bad mood 心情好/壞 in honor of 為慶祝/紀(jì)念. in low spirits 情緒低落 i

30、n particular 尤其，特別 in person 親自 in season （蔬菜/水果）當(dāng)季 in the dark 不知情，蒙在鼓里,in the long run 從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看 in theory 從理論上來(lái)講 in turn 依次，輪流 in vain 徒勞，白費(fèi) interfere with 干涉，影響 It depends. 看情況 Its sb.s treat. 由某人請(qǐng)客 keep an eye on 觀察，注意 Know/learn the ropes 掌握做某事的技能/竅門(mén) keep body and soul together 僅能維持生活 Keep sb. inf

31、ormed 及時(shí)通知某人 lay off 解雇 Let alone 更不用說(shuō) live from hand to mouth 勉強(qiáng)糊口 Look on the bright side 看到事務(wù)光明的一面 look for a needle in a haystack 大海撈針 Lose heart 失去信心 lose ones heart 愛(ài)上某人,Lose ones temper 發(fā)脾氣 make a fuss 大驚小怪 Make a difference 影響 make a reservation 預(yù)定 Make ends meet 使收支相抵 make sense 有意義，講得通 Mak

32、e sure 確保 man of letters 文人 Mind ones own business 別管閑事 mistake sb. for sb. 把.誤認(rèn)作. More often than not 多半，大概 no wonder 難怪 Nothing but 只有 not to mention 更別提,On account of 由于 on earth 究竟 On duty 值班 on purpose 故意 On sale 降價(jià)出售 on the contrary 相反 On the spot 當(dāng)場(chǎng) on vacation 度假；休假 On weekdays 在工作日 one in a

33、 million 鳳毛麟角，百里挑一 Ones cup of tea 喜愛(ài)的人或事務(wù) once in a blue moon很難得，幾乎不可能 Other than 而不是,out of breath 上氣不接下氣 Out of control 失去控制 out of date 過(guò)時(shí) Out of question 沒(méi)有問(wèn)題 out of the question 不可能 Out of stock 斷貨 owing to 由于 Pick up （車(chē)等）中途搭人 pull over 停在路邊 Put off 推遲 put heads together 集思廣益，群策群力 Put through

34、to sb. 接通某人的電話 put up with 容忍，忍受,Rain cats and dogs 瓢潑大雨 rain or shine 無(wú)論如何，不論晴雨 Rather than 而不是 read between the lines 明白言外之意 Regardless of 不管 remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起 result from 由于 result in 導(dǎo)致 room and board 食宿 round the corner 即將到來(lái) round the clock 晝夜不停 rule out 排除 run out of 用光 rush hour （交通）高峰

35、期 safe and sound 安然無(wú)恙 speak highly of sb. 高度評(píng)價(jià)某人 sure thing 當(dāng)然，沒(méi)問(wèn)題,take advantage of 利用 take charge of 負(fù)責(zé)，看管 take off 起飛 take ones time 慢慢來(lái)，別急 take over 接管 take sth. seriously 認(rèn)真看待 teach sb. a lesson 教訓(xùn)某人 take turns 輪流 traffic jam 交通堵塞 throw light on 提供知識(shí)，使人們了解 too good to be true 好得令人難以置信 turn down

36、 關(guān)小音量，拒絕 turn up 出現(xiàn)，露面 turn over （車(chē)船等）翻倒 turn a blind eye to 視而不見(jiàn) turn a deaf ear to 充耳不聞 under the weather 身體不適,up in the air 未定的 up to sb. 由某人決定 up-to-date 最新的 when it comes to. 當(dāng)說(shuō)到，涉及到 Why not?為什么不？好! with a grain of salt 有保留的，不全信 You bet! 當(dāng)然！ You said it! 對(duì)！可不是！,8.邏輯推理題,主要測(cè)試考生的理解和推斷能力。在此類(lèi)對(duì)話中考生首先

37、要聽(tīng)懂整個(gè)對(duì)話并且體會(huì)說(shuō)話者的語(yǔ)氣、語(yǔ)調(diào)。對(duì)話原文不會(huì)原字、原句原封不動(dòng)地出現(xiàn)在選項(xiàng)中，所以考生聽(tīng)到有關(guān)的內(nèi)容和信息后，根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行綜合歸納，最后做出選擇。,（1）以事實(shí)為依據(jù)的問(wèn)題要求考生回憶對(duì)話中談到的信息。提問(wèn)形式有：,What does sb. do? What is sb. Going to do? What/Which of the following is not mentioned in the dialogue? What does the speaker/listener seem most concerned about? What does the conversat

38、ion say about? Why does somebody do sth.? What is the purpose of? What is the cause of?,（2）推理引申問(wèn)題要求考生推測(cè)出某些細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行比較。常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題：,It can be inferred from the conversation that The man/woman most probably What will the man/ woman probably do next? What can be concluded from the dialogue/conversation? What does

39、the speaker mean?,M: How do you like the new physician who replaced Dr. Andrew?W: I hear that the Edwards are thinking of buying another house.M: Should they be doing that with all the other expenses they have to pay? Anyhow, they are over 70 now, their present house is not too bad.Q: What does the

40、man imply?,11.主旨要義題,可以從下面幾個(gè)方面入手： 盡量在腦海中描繪出正進(jìn)行的會(huì)話：對(duì)誰(shuí)在進(jìn)行對(duì)話，在那里進(jìn)行對(duì)話作一定的假設(shè) 尤其注意聽(tīng)一些關(guān)鍵詞，被重復(fù)的詞等等； 對(duì)所聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行歸納，什么是中心思想； 特別注意提問(wèn)句，因?yàn)閷?duì)話通常是一問(wèn)一答，答的內(nèi)容通常是圍繞問(wèn)題展開(kāi)的。,主旨要義題,常見(jiàn)的就對(duì)話主題而提的問(wèn)題有： What is the main topic of the conversation? What are the speakers mainly discussing? What is the subject of this conversation? Wha

41、t is the main idea of the conversation? Which of the following best summarizes the conversation?,短對(duì)話聽(tīng)力的一些原則,1推理原則：一般需對(duì)對(duì)話進(jìn)行推理，故直接在對(duì)話中聽(tīng)到的一般不是正確答案。 2挫折原則：通常要辦的事情都是不順利的（如買(mǎi)東西買(mǎi)不到，訂房間客滿等） 3男女原則：一般男生比較衰，女生比較牛。男生提出的觀點(diǎn)女生都是不同意或有不同看法的，反之女生提出的觀點(diǎn)男生都是同意和贊賞的。 男生的特征：臟、亂、差、浪費(fèi)、窮、小氣、不良習(xí)慣、遲鈍、不顧家 女生的特征：愛(ài)干凈、節(jié)約、富有、好學(xué)、能干、聰明

42、、大度、耐心、戀家、除數(shù)理化外成績(jī)都很好,4父母一般只有一個(gè)作用教育子女好好學(xué)習(xí)。 5除了父母教育子女外，家里（包括朋友家，阿姨家等等）發(fā)生的事情一般是不考的，故 遇到地點(diǎn)推測(cè)題類(lèi)似 at home / at Mary s home 之類(lèi)的選項(xiàng)一般都是不對(duì)的。 6專(zhuān)升本聽(tīng)力短對(duì)話只考日常生活學(xué)習(xí)中遇得到事情，問(wèn)題，故如果選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)一些日常生 活中不太可能發(fā)生或很少發(fā)生的事情一般不會(huì)是正確選項(xiàng),第二講 十大常考情景,1.校園生活類(lèi) 2.交通運(yùn)輸場(chǎng)景 3.電話場(chǎng)景 4.機(jī)場(chǎng)場(chǎng)景 5.公司場(chǎng)景 6.租房場(chǎng)景 7.醫(yī)院場(chǎng)景 8.賓館場(chǎng)景 9.郵局場(chǎng)景 10.飯店場(chǎng)景,短對(duì)話十大場(chǎng)景及一般思路,1借車(chē)：

43、車(chē)一般是借不到的 2吃：匹薩，海鮮吃了一般會(huì)有不適反應(yīng)，“派” 一般比較好吃 3考試：作業(yè)、論文一般比較難，或須要熬夜 教授一般比較嚴(yán)厲 選修課較難較多 4坐車(chē)（飛機(jī)、輪船）：一般都需要等 5事故（災(zāi)難）：光明原則，一般不會(huì)死人,6聽(tīng)講座：題目一般是比較有趣豐富的，內(nèi)容一般是比 較復(fù)雜難懂的 7論文：一般需要修改（polish ）或重寫(xiě)（rewrite ） 8休閑：男生一般喜歡待在家里看TV 或者看moive，女生一般喜歡高雅藝術(shù)theater 9醫(yī)院：需要預(yù)約make an appointment 10 買(mǎi)票：基本上是買(mǎi)不到的,1.校園生活場(chǎng)景,涉及校園生活，包括對(duì)專(zhuān)業(yè)的選擇，教學(xué)情況宿舍管

44、理作業(yè)或論文假期安排以及學(xué)生中存在的現(xiàn)象和問(wèn)題等內(nèi)容,1.學(xué)校場(chǎng)景,課程分類(lèi) ： Optional course 選修課 Required course 必修課 Day course 白天的課 Evening course 晚上的課,經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的科目或?qū)I(yè) ： Chinese 中文 English 英語(yǔ) mathematic 數(shù)學(xué) history 歷史 chemistry 化學(xué) Literature 文學(xué),考試 ： Final exam 期終考試 middle exam 期中考試 make up 補(bǔ)考 test 測(cè)驗(yàn) pop test 事先沒(méi)有說(shuō)好的測(cè)驗(yàn) quiz 測(cè)驗(yàn) oral test 口試

45、,考試臨近 ： draw on / in sight of / draw nearly 考試延期或取消 delay / be off / defer / hold up / postpone / put off / suspend 學(xué)校分類(lèi)： public school 公立學(xué)校 private school 私立學(xué)校 religious school 教會(huì)學(xué)校,學(xué)校中的人 president 校長(zhǎng) dean 院長(zhǎng) professor 教授 lecturer 講師 coordinator 管理員 doctor 博士 master 碩士 bachelor 學(xué)士 freshman 大一新生 sop

46、homore 大二學(xué)生 junior 大三學(xué)生 senior 大四學(xué)生,圖書(shū)館 ： 借書(shū) lend / borrow / check out 參考書(shū) reference book 續(xù)借 renew 過(guò)期 overdue 還書(shū) return 罰金 fine attend / have a lecture 上課 cut a class 逃課 miss a class 錯(cuò)過(guò)了課 scholarship 榮譽(yù)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金 assistantship 助教獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金 semester 學(xué)期,2、交通運(yùn)輸場(chǎng)景,fare 車(chē)票 licence 駕照 rush hours 高峰時(shí)間 traffic jam 交通堵塞 o

47、vertake 超車(chē) one way street 單行道 over speed 超速 police officer 交警 ticket 罰單 fine 罰金 fast way / express way / high way 高速公路 motor way 機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)道 super way 飛機(jī)機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)道 free way 免費(fèi)高速公路,交通工具（出現(xiàn)頻率從高到低）： plane / train （女）/ bus / bike （女）/ walk （女）/ taxi （女）：女生比較喜歡 tunnel / channel 隧道 ring road 環(huán)線 subway （美）/ underground

48、 （英）地鐵 metro 地道地鐵 underpass 人行地道 overhead 輕軌 flyover 人行天橋 mag lev 磁懸浮 take a taxi 乘出租車(chē) call a taxi 招出租車(chē)/訂出租車(chē) catch a train / bus 趕火車(chē)/汽車(chē),3.電話場(chǎng)景,mobile phone 手機(jī) pay phone 公用電話 telephone box/booth 電話亭 yellow page 黃頁(yè) dial （撥電話號(hào)碼） / press （按電話號(hào)碼） extension 分機(jī) operator 總機(jī) putthrough 接通 wrong number / ther

49、e is no one by this name 電話號(hào)碼 錯(cuò)了/ 沒(méi)有這個(gè)人 is not in 不在？be not in hold on 不要掛斷，稍等 take/leave a message 留言,hang up / get off 掛斷 credit call 記賬式電話 bill the call into the 3rd party 免費(fèi)電話 collect call 對(duì)方付費(fèi)電話,4.機(jī)場(chǎng)場(chǎng)景,plane / craft 飛機(jī) book 訂票 timetable 時(shí)間表 destination 目的地 open ticket one way ticket 單程票 round t

50、rip ticket 來(lái)回票 non-stop / direct flight 直航 transfer / lay over / stop over 轉(zhuǎn)機(jī) first / business / economy cabin 頭等 / 商務(wù) / 經(jīng)濟(jì)艙 confirm the flight 確認(rèn)航班 check in 登記 boarding card 登機(jī)牌 security check 安檢 see off 送行,送別時(shí)的祝語(yǔ) keep in touch 保持聯(lián)系 safe landing 安全著陸 board 登機(jī) take off 起飛 departure 離港 safety / sect

51、belt 安全帶 land 著陸 arrival 進(jìn)港 pick up 接機(jī),公司場(chǎng)景,job vacancy 有空缺職位 letter of application 求職信 resume 簡(jiǎn)歷 resume 包括幾部分 basic / personal info. 基本信息/個(gè)人資料 academic background 教育背景 work experience 工作經(jīng)驗(yàn) certificates and honours interview 面試 offer 聘用信,work experience 工作經(jīng)驗(yàn) work overtime 加班 ask for a raise 加錢(qián) wage

52、周薪 salary 日薪 bonus 獎(jiǎng)金 allowance 津貼 annual income 年收入 promotion 升職 fire 解雇 resign 辭職 retire 退休 laid-off 下崗,假期休息的說(shuō)法（依次是從大到?。?： holiday 假日，假期 vacation 休假 annual leave 年假 sick leave 病假 rest 休息 break 指喝杯茶、喝杯咖啡的休息 coffee break away 離開(kāi)一會(huì) 公司職位從大到小 ： chairman of the board president - general managermanager d

53、epartment managerhead officer specialist - clerk,6.租房場(chǎng)景,live on campus 住校 live off campus 住校外 for sale 可銷(xiāo)售的房子 for rent / lease 可出租的房子 to let 同上 rent 租金 utilities 公用事業(yè)費(fèi) location 位置 suburb / downtown 市郊 / 市中心 condition 住房條件 furnished 配家具 unfurnished 無(wú)裝修,leaking 漏水 blackout 斷電 environment 環(huán)境 transporta

54、tion 交通 land lord 房東 land lady 房東太太 tenant 房客 roommate 室友 好的室友：neat整潔的 considerate 體貼的，細(xì)心的 不好的室友：messy / untidy 臟亂的 noisy 吵鬧的,7.醫(yī)院場(chǎng)景,see a doctor 去醫(yī)院看醫(yī)生 send for a doctor 讓醫(yī)生出診 health center / clinic 衛(wèi)生所 / 門(mén)診部 physician 內(nèi)科醫(yī)生 surgeon 外科醫(yī)生 dentist 牙醫(yī) make an appointment 預(yù)約,emergency 急診 check up / exam 檢查 cold （感冒） flu （流感） headache （頭痛） sore throat （嗓子痛） fever （發(fā)燒） toothache（牙疼） stomachache （胃疼） prescribe 開(kāi)藥方 pill / tablet 藥片 liquid 喝藥水 injection = shot 注射 operation 手術(shù) medical result 診斷結(jié)果,8.賓館場(chǎng)景,make a reservation 預(yù)訂房間