Figures of Speech2.ppt

1、Figures of Speech,The expressions in language that are used out of their literal meanings or out of their ordinary use in order to add beauty or emotional intensity or to achieve certain effects.,1. Simile: an explicit comparison between two different things that yet have something in common, and th

2、e comparison is indicated by the word as or like.,e.g The old mans hair is as white as snow. That man cant be trusted. Hes as slippery as an eel.,ARedRed RoseRobert Burns,O, my love is like a red, red rose, Thats newly spring in June. O, my love is like the melody, Thats sweetly played in tune,幸福像花兒

3、一樣開放。 中國共產(chǎn)黨像太陽, 它的光輝照亮了我的心。,2. Metaphor: an implied comparison between two different things that yet have something in common, not expressed with the word as or like, but sometimes “be” or “become”,e.g He is a fox. John is the soul of the team. Irrigation is the lifeblood of agriculture.,困難是彈簧，你軟它就強

4、。 大王莊這個陣地成為一顆銳利的鐵釘，牢牢地釘進了黃維兵團的腦門心。,3. Metonymy: substituting the name of one thing for that of another with which it is closely associated. Thus the crown can stand for the king, and the White House for the American government.,e.g His purse would not allow him that luxury. The kettle is boiling. Th

5、ats a poem by an unknown pen.,4. Synecdoche: a part is substituted for the whole, or the whole is substituted for the part.,e.g Many hands provide great strength. He had to earn his daily bread by doing odd jobs. Germany beat Argentina 2 to 1 in this exciting football game. The poor creature could n

6、o longer endure her sufferings.,不拿群眾一針一線 花白胡子坐在墻角里吸旱煙。,5. Personification: to treat a thing or an idea as if it were human or had human qualities.,e.g Youth is hot and bold Age is weak and cold Youth is wild, and Age is tame. - William Shakespeare 春蠶到死絲方盡，蠟炬成灰淚始干 。,6. Pun (Omitted),1) Antanaclasis (

7、換義雙關) 2) Paronomasia (諧音雙關) 3) Syllepsis (軛語雙關),7. Irony: the use of words which are clearly opposite to what is meant, in order to achieve a special effect.,e. g What fine weather for an outing. (If you have been planning to go out on that day, and when that day comes, you find it is raining.) 友邦人士

8、從此可以不必驚詫莫名, 只請放心來瓜分就是了。,8. oxymoron: the yoking of two terms that are apparently contradictory.,e.g She read the long-awaited letter with a tearful smile. When the news of the failure came, all his friends said that was a victorious defeat.,9.Overstatement (hyperbole): the use of words that exaggera

9、tes the subject in order to achieve an impressive or interesting effect.,e.g She is dying to know what job has been assigned to her. On hearing that he had been admitted to that famous university, he whispered to himself, “Im the luckiest man in the word.”,白發(fā)三千丈, 緣愁似個長。,門迎四海千重福，戶納乾坤萬里財 百年天地回元氣 一統(tǒng)山河際

10、太平 “我都快累死了！” “我等的花兒都謝了”,10. understatement: the use of words that play down the magnitude or value of the subject.,e.g It took a few dollars to build this indoor swimming pool. 芝麻粒兒大的事, 不必放在心上。,11. euphemism: the substitution of a mild or vague expression for a harsh or unpleasant one.,e.g to pass a

11、way/ to leave us ; senior citizens; emotionally disturbed; sanitation worker; military action；bathroom to answer the call of nature.,12. Alliteration: the appearance of the same initial consonant sound in two or more words, such as “ proud as a peacock” and “blind as a bat”. Alliteration is often us

12、ed in poetry to give emphasis to words that are related in meaning:,Wherefore feed, and clothe, and save, From the cradle to the grave, Those ungrateful drones who would, Drain you sweat nay, drink your blood? - Percy Bysshe Shelley,13. Assonance: the appearance of the same vowel sound in two or mor

13、e words,熱鬧的大街不長草，聰明的腦袋不長毛 飯后一支煙，快活似神仙 男人不抽煙，白在世上顛 日劇點頭哈腰，韓劇絮絮叨叨，港劇胡編亂造，大陸片好的真好，糟的更糟?！?沁園春雪 北國風光，千里冰封，萬里雪飄。 望長城內(nèi)外，唯余茫茫； 大河上下，頓失滔 滔。 山舞銀蛇，原馳蠟象，欲與天公試比高。,Snow To the tune of Spring Beaming in Garden What a scene is in the north found! A thousand li of the earth is ice-clad aground, The thousand li of th

14、e sky is snow-bound. Behold! At both sides of the Great Wall An expense of whiteness conquers all In the yellow river, up and down, The surging waves are gone! Like sliver snakes the mountains dance, Like wax elephants the highlands bounce, All try to be higher than heaven even once!,14. Transferred

15、 epithet: an epithet is an adjective or descriptive phrase that serves to characterize somebody or something. A transferred epithet is one that is shifted from the noun it logically modifies to a word associated with that noun. When one says that he has a busy day, one is using this figure of speech

16、. For it is the person, not the day, that is busy.,e.g She was so worried about her son that she spent several sleepless nights. He said “Yes” to the question in an unthinking moment.,Exercise,1. The farms is short of hands during the harvest season.( ) 2. He is a wolf in sheeps clothing.( ) 3. When

17、 the war was over, he laid down the sword and took up the pen.( ) 4. You are really a clever fool. ( ) 5. The poor man had twelve mouths to feed.( ) 6. Flora is the apple of her fathers eye. ( ),7.It is a pity that I cant read Molire in French. ( ) 8. In the night, no one dared to disturb the sound of silence. ( ) 9. Childhood is like a swiftly passing dream. ( ) 10. His words made my blood freeze. ( ) 11. What does that lawyer do after he dies?-Lie still and lie still. ( ) 12. She opened the door and her heart to the homeless boy. ( ),13. Peter Piper picked a peck of pi