高一英語必修四Unit-4-單詞學生版

1、Reading 11. represent vt. 代表，象征，表現(xiàn)，描寫，聲稱Weve chosen a committee to represent us. 我們已經選出了一個委員會來代表我們。The thirteen stars on the flag represent the thirteen colonies that have announced independence. 旗幟上的十三顆星象征著已經宣布獨立的十三個殖民地。練習1: Translate into Chinese.The painting represents a storm. _Answer:這幅畫描繪了一場暴風

2、雨。拓展1: represent有關詞組： represent sb as/to be宣稱某人為；將某人描繪為 represent oneself as/to be自稱是The leading role in the movie is represented as/to be a hero.這部電影里的主角被描繪成了一個英雄。He represents himself as/to be a philosopher. 他自稱是一位哲學家。拓展2: represent(vt.)representative(adj.)有代表性的；(n)代表(指人)，典型This is a very represen

3、tative case of careless driving.這是一個不細心開車很有代表性的實例。We all voted for him as our representative.我們都投票選他當我們的代表。練習2:1) The beggar _(自稱是) a friend of the mayor.2) Our team is r_ by our coach to attend the meeting.3) They elected Mary and Tom as their r_.curiously (adj.) 好奇地，令人好奇地Curiously, I had met Johns

4、 new friend before.令人好奇地是，我之前見過約翰的朋友。練習1:Translate into Chinese.He was listening to the noise out of the house curiously at the moment._Answer:他那時正好奇地聽著房子外面的聲響。拓展：1.curious(adj.)好奇的 be curious about sth 對感到好奇 be curious to do sth 好奇做某事；渴望做某事Being curious to learn is an important key to success.帶著好奇心

5、學習是成功的一把關鍵的鑰匙。Im curious about what he said. 我對他說了什么感到好奇。 2.curiosity (n) 好奇心with/from/out of curiosity 出于好奇心At first, men explored space with/from/ out of curiosity.起初，人們探索太空出于好奇心。練習：1) Some students are curious _ (know) how to avoid_ (meet) difficulties in study.2) Actually, Im pretty _ how life b

6、egan on the earth. (對感到好奇)3) He entered the room alone with c_.2. approach v. 接近，靠近，走進 n.接近；道路；方法，途徑The great moment is about to approach. 這個偉大的時刻即將來臨。As we approached the house carefully, we became more and more frightened.當我們小心翼翼地接近那個房子，我們變得越來越恐懼。The approach of spring brings warm weather. 春天的來臨帶來

7、了溫暖的天氣?！咀ⅰ縜pproach(n)作為道路，方式，方法，途徑之意時，與介詞to連用。All the approaches to the palace were guarded by troops.通向宮殿的所有的道路均被軍隊把守。It is an acceptable approach to getting the champion.這是獲得冠軍可行的方法。練習：1) They are trying to find _ _ _ cancer treatment. 2) Ive figured out three approaches to _ (solve) the problem.拓

8、展：表示方式、方法的詞組區(qū)分in the way of doingHe did this in this way.with the method of doing He earns money with the method of stealing money.by means of doing He went to school by means of taking a bus.the approach to doingthe approach to the entering the room3. defend (v.) 保衛(wèi)，防守，辯護defend sb from/against保護某人免

9、受You have to defend yourself against/from hurt if someone attacks you.如果有人襲擊了你，你必須保護自己以免受傷害。defense(n)防衛(wèi)，防備 in defense of為了保衛(wèi)They gave their lives in defense of freedom.他們?yōu)榱撕葱l(wèi)自由獻出了生命。練習：1) It is legal to carry guns to _ _ in America.2) I _ _ with a stick(棍子)_ the dogs attack.3) They fought against t

10、he dark force _ _ _ their homeland.4. major (adi.) 主要的；重要的；大部分的The major problem now is whether he comes or not.現(xiàn)在最主要的問題是他來不來。The major subject in primary school is Chinese, math, and English.小學最主要的科目有語文，數學和英語。拓展1: major (v) 主修專業(yè)(與介詞in連用) major in(n) 專業(yè)；主修科目；少校（頭銜）練習1:1) what did he major _ at unive

11、rsity? A. at B. in C. on D. about 2) translate into Chinese: 她現(xiàn)在主修英語。_拓展2：majority (n)大多數in the majority占大多數 a majority of大多數的minor(adj.)次要的，少部分的minority 少數；少數民族 A majority of the passengers survived in the traffic accident.大多數乘客在那場交通事故中存活了下來。練習2:1) Its pretty important to choose a suitable m_.2) Ac

12、tually, students who figured out the question is in the m_, which made the teacher very satisfied.5. likely (adj.)可能的，預期的，有希望的 (adv.)或許，可能，大概The train is likely to be late. 這趟火車很可能晚點。She is the most likely girl to win the prize. 她是最有希望得獎的女孩。be likely to do sth.=it is likely thatIt is likely that Ill

13、 be at home all day. 我可能整天呆在家里?！就卣埂縫robable, likely, possible的區(qū)別1. 三者都表示可能性，都用做形容詞，likely還可用作副詞。2. 可能性大小比較：probablelikelypossible 1) It is probable/likely/possible+ that從句3. 常用句型 2) It is possible for sb. to do sth 3) sb/sth be likely to do sth【注】possible 還用于固定結構中，如：asas possible, if possible possib

14、le, probable的主語一般不是人，而likely則可以。練習：1. It is very _ that my parents will not allow me to go.2. Rain is _ but not_ this evening.3. She is very _ to ring me tonight.Reading 21. ease (n)安逸，舒適 (v)減輕(痛苦，憂慮)，使安心The old leads a life of ease in the country. 這位老人在鄉(xiāng)間悠閑度日。 The news that her son passed the exam

15、eased her. 她的兒子通過考試的消息。【拓展】at ease 舒適；快活；自由自在feel/look at ease 感到/看上去心情放松with ease 輕易地，毫不費力地練習：1) I never feel _ (輕松) in his company.2) He sat back on the chair, took a book and began to read, _.A. being looked at ease B. looked rather at easeC. to look rather at ease D. looking rather at ease3) The

16、 boy lifted the heavy bag at e_.2. case1) 事例This is a case of careless driving.這是粗心開車的一個事例。2) 情形；場合In that case, I would prefer to stay on the bus. 那樣的話，我寧愿呆在車上。3) 病癥；患者There are three cases of fever in school.學校有三個發(fā)燒患者。4) 案件；訴訟In this case, Im acting for my friend Mr. Smith. 在這次訴訟中，我代表我的朋友史密斯先生的利益。

17、練習：1) Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow _ I forget.A. though B. so that C. in case D. until2) There are some cases _ this rule does not hold well. A. that B. which C. when D. where3) I shall stay in the hotel all day _ there is news of the missing child. A. in case B. no matter C. in an

18、y case D. in case of3. unfamiliar (adj.)不熟悉的; 新奇的，沒有經驗的unfamiliar to sb. 對某人不熟悉The face is unfamiliar to me.unfamiliar with sth. 對某物不熟悉This course is for students who are unfamiliar with computers. 這是為不熟悉計算機的學生開設的課程。練習：1) The artists name _ (對生疏) most people.2) He _ (始終對不熟悉) the work now.隨堂練習1. How

19、can we _ (保衛(wèi)) our homeland if we dont have an army?2. The m_ subjects in senior high school are Chinese, English, and maths.3. The competition attracted over 500 competitors _ (代表) 8 different countries.4. The boy looked _(好奇地) at me from time to time.5. Their duty is to fight against the enemy in d

20、_ of their country.6. She a_ the birds quietly and watched them.7. Mr. Smith is the r_ of our school to give a talk at the meeting.8. Some children find it difficult to communicate with _(成年人).9. There is still a fundamental _(誤會) about the real purpose of this work.10. To a_ confusion, different te

21、ams wear different colors.11. Its easier for two parties to reach an a_.12. The f_ of the heart is to pump blood through the body.13. We were sitting on the sofa at our e_.14. These students are u_ with the new teacher.15. They _(擁抱) each other when they heard the good news.16. The _(航班) has been pu

22、t off because of the bad weather.單詞拼寫1Women in _(一般來說)like to shop for new clothes.2Health care is one of the _(重要的)problem or our time.3My father _(使.了解)me to the game of football.4Im afraid its not the proper way to _(接近)her.5Her opinion _(代表)that of the majority.6She knows very little English, th

23、is often leads to _(誤解)when she visit Landon.7Hes sorry for what he did and he has been _(懲罰)for it.8My friend and I have _(相似的)tastes in music.9The children were _(好奇的)about everything they saw at the exhibition hall.10. She always has such a happy _(表情)on her face.現(xiàn)在分詞作定語現(xiàn)在分詞及其短語可以在句子中作定語，其作用相當于一個

24、定語從句。其動作和謂語動詞同時發(fā)生，與其修飾詞之間是主動關系，也就是說現(xiàn)在分詞的動作就是它修飾的那個詞的動作。1現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時的位置（1）現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時多置于它所修飾的名詞之前；分詞短語用于它所修飾詞的后面。例如：He is an attacking player.他是一個攻擊型的運動員。They lived a room facing the north thirty years ago.三十年前，他住在一個朝北的房間里。（2）如現(xiàn)在分詞修飾由some/any/no + thing/body/one所形成的不定代詞或指示代詞those時，分詞在這些被修飾詞的后面。例如：Anyone sw

25、imming will be punished.正在游泳的任何人都將受到懲罰。重點把握：動詞-ing形式中的動名詞也可用作定語，它表示用作的，而現(xiàn)在分詞作定語通常相當于一個定語從句。如：a writing table = a table used for writing ；a sleeping boy = a boy who is sleeping2、現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時與謂語動詞的時間關系 現(xiàn)在分詞表進行意味和主動意味，因此，用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時，其表示的動作是與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生的,或是正在發(fā)生的動作。例如： There were no soldiers drilling.= There were

26、 no soldiers who were drilling.沒有士兵在操練。The man running over there is our chairman.= The man who is running over there is our chairman. 正在朝那邊跑的那個人是我們主席。重點把握：having done(現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時態(tài))表示該動作先于另一個動作，現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時態(tài)永遠不能作定語。3、如果一個及物動詞作定語，既要表達進行意味，又要表達被動意味時，可用現(xiàn)在分詞的被動語態(tài)。例如：The meeting being held is very important.正召開

27、的會議很重要。The skyscraper being built is still higher than that built the year before last.正在建的那幢摩天大樓比前年建的那幢還高。STEP2. 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語現(xiàn)在分詞及其短語可在句子中作狀語來修飾謂語動詞或整個句子。用來表示動作發(fā)生的時間、原因、結果、條件、讓步、或伴隨情況等。例如：Climbing to the top of the hill, we saw a beautiful view.爬上山頂后我看到了一幅美麗的景象。Being sick I stayed at home.我因病呆在家里。重點把握：如

28、指將來的動作就可用不定式的被動語態(tài)，如：a meeting to be held 將要召開的會議如表過去可用過去分詞a meeting held 開過的會議1、現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語與謂語動詞時間關系（1）現(xiàn)在分詞表示的動作和謂語動詞表示的動作同時發(fā)生或幾乎同時發(fā)生分詞用一般形式。例如：Not recognizing the voice, he refused to give the person his address.因為沒聽出這個人的聲音，他沒把自己的地址給他。It rained heavily, causing great damage.大雨滂沱，造成了很大損害。He ran up to he

29、r breathing heavily.他氣喘吁吁的跑到她面前?！局攸c把握】分詞作作狀語時必須注意分詞的邏輯主語必須與句子主語保持一致。但是，有幾個常用詞組不符合這種語法限制。如：generally speaking, considering, judging from, talking from ，supposing（為連詞意思為假如）,（2）現(xiàn)在分詞表示的動作和謂語表示動作（或狀態(tài)）是同時發(fā)生或幾乎同時發(fā)生的。否則現(xiàn)在分詞需用完成形式。例如：Having already seen the film twice, she didnt want to go to the cinema. 這電影

30、他已看過兩遍，他不想去看了。Not having received his fathers letter, he decided to make a call to him.因為沒收到他父親的信，他決定打個電話給他父親。思維拓展過去分詞狀語時，其表示的動作時句子主語承受的動作。他們之間的關系是被動關系。 Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.如果對這些樹更關心一些，他們本來會長的更好。2、現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，現(xiàn)在分詞的動作就是句子主語的動作。因此，句子主語與現(xiàn)在分詞之間是主動關系。例如：I run out of the h

31、ouse shouting.我喊叫著跑出屋來。I got home, feeling very tired.我疲憊的回到家里3、有些現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，其前可用after, before, since, when, while, whenever, once, until, on, as等詞。例如：After talking to you, I always fell better.和你談過話后我總感覺好一些。When telephoning London numbers from abroad, dial 1, not 01.從國外往倫敦打電話，請撥1，不是01。III. Teacher wo

32、rk together with students STEP3.典例解析1. The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech for the president.A to prepare B preparing C prepared D was preparing2._ a reply, he decided to write again.A Not receiving B Receiving not C Not having received D Having not received3. “Cant you read?”

33、Mary said _ to the notice.A angrily pointing B and point angrily C angrily pointed D and angrily pointing4. The meeting _ now is very important.A held B to be held C being held D holding5. If you want a letter _ , you must keep in mind several rules while _.A written; written B well written; writing

34、 C well writing; writing D well written; write6. He never spends a _ day.A more worry B most worrying C more worrying D more worried7. speaking, women live longer than men. A. Judging from B. generally C. Supposing D. Taking everything into considerationIV. 當堂達標1._to understand what he doesnt, he makes a fool of himself.A. Always pretended B. Having always pretended C. Always being pretended D. Always pretended2.To get there in time, they