-一般將來(lái)時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)與用法.ppt

1、一般將來(lái)時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)與用法,一、一般將來(lái)時(shí)的構(gòu)成及用法：,一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài) 助動(dòng)詞shall/will + 動(dòng)詞原形（當(dāng)主語(yǔ)第一人稱時(shí)，一般用shall，shall用于第一人稱，常被will 所代替。）,肯定式: 主語(yǔ)+shall/will+動(dòng)詞原形+其他否定式: 主語(yǔ)+shall/will+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他. 疑問(wèn)式: Shall/Will+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他 簡(jiǎn)略回答: (肯) Yes,主語(yǔ)+shall/will . (否) No,主語(yǔ)+shall/will+not ,肯定式: 主語(yǔ)+shall/will+動(dòng)詞原形+其他 否定式: 主語(yǔ)+shall/will+no

2、t+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.,not,not,縮寫形式: ll =shall/will he will= hell shant= shall not wont = will not,疑問(wèn)式: Shall/Will+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他,- Will they go there to study English? - Yes, they will. - No, they will not.,表示說(shuō)話人征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn),Will you pass me that cup? Will you (please) help me with maths? Will you please lend me your p

3、en?,Shall we have a drink?Shall I open the window?Where shall we have the meeting?,will 在陳述句中用于各人稱，在爭(zhēng)求意見(jiàn)時(shí)或示說(shuō)話人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求常用于第二人稱。,特殊疑問(wèn)句,一般將來(lái)時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)句是將疑問(wèn)詞放在句首，后接一般疑問(wèn)句. （就主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)時(shí)，以疑問(wèn)詞 who 開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句除外.）,- Why will you be here on Sunday? - Ill have a meeting on Sunday.,對(duì)特殊疑問(wèn)句要進(jìn)行具體回答。,一般將來(lái)時(shí)的主要用法：,1、表示將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)：

4、 We shall(will) come to see you the day after tomorrow. There will be a wonderful show next week. 2、表示將來(lái)某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)： The students will come and work in the lab once a week. we shall come and work in this factory every year.,二、will(shall)+ 動(dòng)詞原形與 to be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形兩種句型表示將來(lái)的區(qū)別,兩者有時(shí)可以通用， 但兩者有時(shí)有區(qū)別:

5、,-What are you going to do this evening? -Im going to see a film. You will be forty years old next year. Tomorrow will be Sunday again.,只是單純地預(yù)測(cè)未來(lái)的事，此時(shí)可與will互換。例如：I think it is going to/will rain this evening. 我認(rèn)為今晚要下雨。,1.當(dāng)表示主觀方面“打算，準(zhǔn)備” 去做什么事情的時(shí)候，往往用be going to +動(dòng)詞原形，而will 則多用來(lái)表示純屬客觀的將來(lái)：,2. be going

6、to+動(dòng)詞原形可表示事先計(jì)劃的意圖,而 will 則表示說(shuō)話人當(dāng)時(shí)決定的意圖;,He is studying hard and is going to try for the exams.他正努力學(xué)習(xí)，準(zhǔn)備參加考試。（不能用will替換） Can somebody help me? 誰(shuí)能幫我一下嗎？ I will.我來(lái)。（不能用be going to替換）,Were going to drive you home after the meeting. Dont call a taxi. Well drive you home. I feel ill now, and Ill go to see

7、 the doctor. Im going to see the doctor this evening.,表示即將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作. Hurry up! Were about to leave. The football match is about to begin in a few minutes.,三、be about to 結(jié)構(gòu)表示將來(lái),四、Revision of all forms with future meaning,（一）、 shall/will動(dòng)詞原形,1.will可用于所有人稱，但shall 僅表示單純將來(lái)時(shí)， 用于第一人稱I和we，作為will的一種替代形式。,2. wil

8、l , shall可用來(lái)預(yù)言將來(lái)發(fā)生的事。如說(shuō)出我們?cè)O(shè)想會(huì)發(fā)生的事，或者請(qǐng)對(duì)方預(yù)言將要發(fā)生什么事。例如： It will rain tomorrow. 明天將要下雨。,2. 表示主語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在的意圖或現(xiàn)已作出的決定，即打算在最近或?qū)?lái)進(jìn)行某事。例如：He isnt going to see his elder brother tomorrow. 他明天不準(zhǔn)備去看他哥哥。,（二）、be going to動(dòng)詞原形 1. 表示說(shuō)話人根據(jù)現(xiàn)在已有的跡象，判斷將要或即將發(fā)生某種情況。這類句子的主語(yǔ)可以是人，也可是物。例如： There is going to be a football match in ou

9、r school tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我們學(xué)校將有一場(chǎng)足球賽。（已有告示）,（三）、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞常與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，表示在最近將要發(fā)生某事。這些事是事先安排好的。例如： The Browns are coming to dinner tomorrow. 明天布朗夫婦要來(lái)吃晚飯。,（四）、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 動(dòng)詞be；表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞和表示“開(kāi)始，結(jié)束”的動(dòng)詞（如start，begin，open，finish，end，close等）與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，表示時(shí)間表、節(jié)目單或日程表上所安排好的動(dòng)作或事態(tài)將要發(fā)生，日程不易改

10、變，口氣肯定。例如： School finishes on January 18th. 學(xué)期一月十八日結(jié)束。,Functional Practice,Functional Practice: I.asking someone to do something:,1. Will you open the window please? will you pass me the chocolate, please? Will you lend me $500, please? - ok. - sure. no,I wont; 2. Excuse me, Im lost. Can you help me

11、? Can you give me a lift? Can you post this letter for me, please? - certainly. - Yes, of course. - Sorry, Im afraid I cant.,1. informal What time does my flight leave on Tuesday? The flight leaves at 16:40. What times the meeting? What time are the interviews for the assistant manager? 2. formal Whats the arrival time in Paris? Its depa