完形填空解題技巧PPT

1、完形填空技巧訓(xùn)練,完形填空命題特點(diǎn)：,1. 短文長(zhǎng)度300詞左右，記敘文、說(shuō)明文和議論文為主。 記敘文故事情節(jié)多有曲折，結(jié)果出乎意料，是幽默所在；議論文結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)層次分明，有很多對(duì)仗現(xiàn)象。 2. 首句無(wú)空格，提供語(yǔ)境。5-10詞設(shè)一空，人名、 地名、日期、數(shù)字不在之列。 3. 選項(xiàng)多為一詞，偶會(huì)為詞組。四選項(xiàng)為同一類詞或?qū)偻环懂?，或近義或形異義，或與前后配成詞組。故干擾性、迷性大。有時(shí)單獨(dú)看一句話語(yǔ)法都是正確的，但根據(jù)上下文只有一個(gè)正確答案。,4. 考查單詞以實(shí)詞(v, n, adj, adv, pron.)為主，虛詞(conj.,prep.)為輔。實(shí)詞一般占80%-90%。 5. 以考查學(xué)生

2、對(duì)文章的整體理解（篇章邏輯題）和詞匯的意義（詞匯題）把握為主。有些要結(jié)合常識(shí)才能正確選項(xiàng)；有些甚至要求在通篇理解的基礎(chǔ)上，正確把握上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，才能正確判斷和選擇。 6. 有些空格答案由上文決定（前置性設(shè)空），有些由后文決定（后置性設(shè)空），有些要綜合上下文才能得到答案（語(yǔ)篇性設(shè)空），以后置性設(shè)空為主。,英語(yǔ)完形填空解題步驟,速覽全文，把握大意。 細(xì)讀首句，摸清文路。 瞻前顧后，準(zhǔn)確選擇。 復(fù)核全文，調(diào)整答案。,做完形填空必須讀懂文章，前后邏輯一致；完形填空每個(gè)小題的正確答案都是有充分根據(jù)的，可以在文章匯總找到具體的突破口也就是信息點(diǎn)。解題時(shí)應(yīng)聯(lián)系上下文尋找相關(guān)線索，如某一個(gè)詞的原詞、指代詞

3、、同義詞、近義詞、上義詞、下義詞和概括詞等。,2mins,10mins,2mins,1mins,答題方法： 1）擇優(yōu)法：根據(jù)文章及結(jié)構(gòu)邊讀邊填，如果能夠立刻判定最佳答案的，不必再去逐個(gè)考證其余答案。 2）排除法：如答案一時(shí)難以確定，可按空格位置，從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)、詞語(yǔ)搭配、上下文語(yǔ)境、習(xí)慣用法、詞義辨析等方面，對(duì)選項(xiàng)逐項(xiàng)分析試填。排除干擾項(xiàng)，從而確定正確答案。,Here are some Basic skills of cloze,Skill 1:Highlight the first sentence or paragragh.(重視首句或手段，推測(cè)主旨大意。),If you have not a

4、lready been to Morocco, I urge you to put it next on your list. Africa 21 a world completely different to that of Europe, 22 a warmer, more fragrant and more colorful one! Products are cheap but the 23 is not. What does the first sentence tell us? The author encourages people to Morocco to travel. W

5、hat do you know from the first paragragh ? Travelling in Africa is very different from that in Europe.,Skill2:Choosing by context(上下文、語(yǔ)境),eg1. I had the good 24 to spend five days there during my holidays. We stayed in a beautiful hotel which cost five euros a night with free breakfast. As is tradit

6、ional in Morocco, we were supplied with many cups of mint（薄荷） tea as well. 24. A. possibility B. courage C. fortune D. Time,C,eg2. During our stay here we decided to be 28 and visit the Sahara. It may have been nine hours 29 but it was definitely worth the long mini bus ride! 28. A. relaxed B. abnor

7、mal C. unique D. Adventurous 29. A. driveB. walk C. flight D. Voyage,29 A,28 D,Skill 3：logic（邏輯推理）,eg2. We zoomed through（穿過(guò)） the mountains and round（環(huán)繞） the big corners. After nine hours we arrived at the mouth of the Sahara. We took a camel ride to where we had our camp. This was 32 by a rich meal

8、 and a heartwarming bonfire(篝火) with music. It was a wonderful way to have some insight into（洞察） life in the desert and how the people there 33 . 32. A. abandoned B. accompanied C. followed D. replaced 33. A. survive B. escape C. last D. stand,C,A,1. 動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞等與介詞的搭配 We stayed in a beautiful hotel w

9、hich cost five euros a night with free breakfast. As is traditional in Morocco, we were 26 with many cups of mint（薄荷） tea as well. A. supplied B. covered C. equipped D. exchanged,Skill 4:Choosing by meanings of words and expressions (詞匯和短語(yǔ)用法),A,2.及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞的用法： eg2. We zoomed through the mountains a

10、nd round the big corners. After nine hours we 30 at the mouth of the Sahara. 30. A. reached B. arrived C. entered D. Left,Skill 4:Choosing by meanings of words and expressions (詞匯和短語(yǔ)用法),B,3.同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)（同義詞、近義詞、反義詞等重現(xiàn)）： 首句： If you have not already been to Morocco, I urge you to put it next on your list. 尾句：

11、This was probably the best experience of my life and I would 40 anyone else to take on this adventure! 40. A. agree B. encourage C. decline D. promise,Skill 4:Choosing by meanings of words and expressions (詞匯和短語(yǔ)用法),B,。,Skill5: Choosing by grammar(語(yǔ)法分析),eg. We saw shooting stars(流星) and the nomads（牧民

12、） slept under the stars in the desert 37 it is very, very cold at night! However our tents were very big and quite luxurious(奢侈) with mattresses（床墊）inside _38_ rugs（地毯） laid down everywhere. 37. A. becauseB. even if C. since D. so that 38. A. and B. but C. or D.besides,B,A,溫馨提示：語(yǔ)法分析主要分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)：長(zhǎng)句難句、根據(jù)句

13、與句之間的邏輯關(guān)系選擇連接詞。,遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：besides, in addition 等 轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：however, but , unfortunately, on the contrary等 。 因果或目的關(guān)系：because ,since ,for, as, so, therefore, in order to ,consequently 等。 表示例舉關(guān)系：for example , for instance ,such as ,that is to say ,in other words 或“” “：”等標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。） 表示條件：if, unless, once等 表示時(shí)間：before,

14、 after, when, while, until等,Skill 6: Choosing by common sense(常識(shí)),eg1. If you have not already been to Morocco, I urge you to put it next on your list. Africa offers a world completely different to that of Europe, mainly a warmer, more fragrant and more colorful one! Products are cheap but the 23 is

15、 not. 23. A. quantity B. weight C. impression D. quality,D,Skill 6: Choosing by common sense(常識(shí)),eg2. As is traditional in Morocco, we were supplied with many cups of mint（薄荷） tea as well. There you could do cookery classes, 27 on the roof, and eat a delicious tagine（泰瓊羊肉）. 27. A. shower B. sunbathe

16、 C. sunburn D. settle,B,The skills of finishing Cloze?,What do we learn today?,Skill 1:Highlight 首句或手段，推測(cè)主旨大意。 Skill2: Choosing by 上下文、語(yǔ)境 Skill3: Choosing by 邏輯推理 Skill4: Choosing by 詞匯和短語(yǔ)用法 Skill5: Choosing by 語(yǔ)法分析(句子結(jié)構(gòu)：長(zhǎng)句、 難句、連接詞) Skill6: Choosing by 常識(shí),完形填空四利用：,1. 利用復(fù)現(xiàn)或同類的詞匯答題。 2. 利用前后文的對(duì)仗關(guān)系。 3. 利用上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。 4. 生活常識(shí)。,完形填空三忌：,忌不看首句，直奔