高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第二部分語法專練專題三形容詞和副詞課件外研版.ppt

1、專題三形容詞和副詞,考向分析 形容詞和副詞是歷年來高考的高頻考點(diǎn)之一,考查內(nèi)容主要涉及倍數(shù)的表達(dá)法、形容詞或副詞的比較級和最高級在常用句式中的應(yīng)用,有時也會利用具體語境來考查比較級和最高級。,考點(diǎn)清單 一、平級比較的常用表達(dá) 單句填空 1.I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do working with students. 答案as句意:我在海上航行和現(xiàn)在與學(xué)生一起工作一樣快樂。根據(jù)常用表達(dá)“as+many/much+名詞.+as.”可知,空格處填as。 2.It is generally believed that teaching is

2、 as much an art as it is a science. 答案an句意:人們普遍認(rèn)為,教學(xué)既是一門藝術(shù),也是一門科學(xué)。根據(jù)句式“as+much+a/an+名詞+as.”可知,空格處填不定冠詞an。,語境運(yùn)用,3.It was after he got what he had desired that he realized it was not so/as important. 答案so/as在句尾省略了“as what he had desired”,結(jié)合常用表達(dá)“not as/so+形容詞或副詞的原級+as”可知,空格處填so/as。 單句改錯 4.(2015福建卷)The

3、failure was a big blow to him, but he wasnt discouraged and soon got so enthusiastic as ever. soas 答案soas句意:這次失敗對他來說是一個很大的打擊,可是他并沒有氣餒,很快他就又像以前那樣充滿熱情了。根據(jù)在肯定句中平級比較用“as+形容詞原級+as”可知,句中的so使用錯誤,應(yīng)改為as。,1.as+形容詞或副詞的原級+as He is as tall as his father.他和他父親一樣高。 2.not as/so+形容詞或副詞的原級+as (表示前者不如后者) He doesnt stu

4、dy as/so hard as his brother. 他學(xué)習(xí)不如他弟弟努力。 3.as+形容詞的原級+a/an+單數(shù)名詞+as+其他 Tom is as hard-working a boy as his brother.湯姆是和他弟弟一樣努力的男孩。 4.as+many/much+名詞+as+其他 I have as many books as you.我的書和你的書一樣多。,用法精講,二、比較級的常用表達(dá) 單句填空 1.The traffic on the main streets has a longer (long) green signal than that on the s

5、mall ones. 答案longer空后的than是關(guān)鍵詞,此處為常用表達(dá)“形容詞或副詞的比較級+than+其他”,故空格處填longer。 2.The harder (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. 答案harder根據(jù)句式“the+比較級+其他,the+比較級+其他”可知,空格處填harder。,語境運(yùn)用,3.The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love and nothing could be sweeter

6、(sweet ). 答案sweeter空后省略了“than it”,結(jié)合語境“沒有什么比這更甜的了”可知,空格處填比較級sweeter。此處否定詞與比較級連用相當(dāng)于最高級。 單句改錯 4.Of the two sisters, Betty is the youngest one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet. youngestyounger 答案youngestyounger 句意:貝蒂是這兩個姐妹中較年輕的那個,而且她也是喜歡安靜的那個。這里表示“兩者中更/較的”,故youngest改為younger。,1.形容詞和副詞比較級和

7、最高級的構(gòu)成規(guī)則 A規(guī)則變化:,用法精講,名師點(diǎn)睛少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞及以-er或-le結(jié)尾的詞,可以有兩種比較級和最高級形式。 commoncommoner/more commoncommonest/most common B不規(guī)則變化:,2.形容詞和副詞比較級的常見用法 (1)表示一方不及另一方時,用“l(fā)ess+原級+than”結(jié)構(gòu)。 This computer is less expensive than mine. 這臺電腦沒有我的貴。 (2)表示一方程度隨另一方程度平行變化時,用“the+比較級.,the+比較級.”,意為“越越”。 The busier he is, the happier

8、 he feels. 他越忙越感到高興。 (3)不與其他事物相比較,表示本身程度的改變時,用“比較級+and+比較級/more and more+原級”結(jié)構(gòu),意為“越來越”。,Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我們學(xué)校變得越來越漂亮了。 (4)表示“和一樣不”時,用“no+比較級+than”結(jié)構(gòu)。 You are no taller than I.你和我一樣都不高。 (5)注意下列短語的使用: be more than意為“超過,不僅僅;非常”。 There are more than fifty students in the c

9、lass. 這個班有50多個學(xué)生。(more than此時多與數(shù)詞連用) Peace is more than the absence of war. 和平不僅僅是沒有戰(zhàn)爭。(more than此時多與名詞連用) She is more than selfish. 她非常自私。(more than此時多與形容詞連用),more.than.意為“與其說不如說”。 She is more careless than stupid. 與其說她笨,還不如說她粗心大意。 not more than“至多”。 I have not more than ten books in my bag. 我包里的書不

10、多于10本。 no more than“只有,僅僅”。 I have no more than ten books in my bag. 我的包里僅有10本書。,less than“少于”。 It had cost Tom less than five dollars. 它花費(fèi)湯姆不到五美元。 no less than“有之多”。 No less than a thousand people came. 多達(dá)1000人來了。 not less than“不少于”。 He is not less than 80 years old. 他至少80歲了。 (6)“the+比較級+of+the two

11、. ”表示“兩者中更/較的” Tom is the taller of the two boys.湯姆是這兩個男孩中較高的那個。,3.比較級形式表示最高級意義的表達(dá)方式 (1)否定詞+比較級 (2)比較級+than+any other+單數(shù)名詞 (3)比較級+than+the other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 (4)比較級+than+anyone/anything else (5)比較級+than+any of the other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 I have never spent a more worrying day. 我度過了最令人擔(dān)憂的一天。 I cant agree more.我完全同意。,Ever

12、y morning he arrives earlier than any other student in the class. =Every morning he arrives earlier than the other students in the class. =Every morning he arrives earlier than any of the other students in the class. =Every morning he arrives earlier than the rest of the students in the class. 每天早上他

13、都是班里來得最早的。,三、最高級的常用表達(dá) 單句填空 1.Brighton is the healthiest (health) city in Britain with the highest level of personal trainers, yoga clubs and health food stores, according to a survey released on Friday. 答案healthiest根據(jù)語境“布萊頓是英國最健康的城市”可知,空格處填最高級healthiest。,語境運(yùn)用,2.This is by far the most inspiring (ins

14、piring)movie that I have ever seen. 答案the most inspiring由by far和I have ever seen可知這里應(yīng)用最高級。 3.(2017河北唐山調(diào)研)Als adult son, Ernie, however, is one of the kindest(kind) men I have ever known. 答案kindest根據(jù)I have ever known可推知設(shè)空處需用形容詞最高級。,單句改錯 4.As is know to all, the Peoples Republic of China is the bigger

15、 develop-ing country in the world. biggerbiggest 答案biggerbiggest句意:眾所周知,中華人民共和國是世界上最大的發(fā)展中國家。根據(jù)句意可知,句中的bigger使用錯誤,應(yīng)改為最高級形式。,1.形容詞最高級(+名詞)+表示范圍的狀語 She is the most active student in our class. 她是我們班最活躍的學(xué)生。 2.one of+the+形容詞最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù) Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in our country.=Shanghai is among

16、the biggest cities in our country. 上海是我們國家最大的城市之一。 3.序數(shù)詞+形容詞最高級+名詞 Africa is the second largest continent in the world. 非洲是世界上第二大洲。,用法精講,四、倍數(shù)的常用表達(dá) 單句填空 1.My uncles house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but it is twice as expensive. 答案as句意:我叔叔在市區(qū)的房子比我們的小得多,但價格是我們的房子的兩倍。句尾省略了“as ours”,

17、結(jié)合倍數(shù)的表達(dá)法“倍數(shù)+as+形容詞或副詞的原級+as”可知,空格處填as。,語境運(yùn)用,2.Its known to us that the earth is 49 times the size of the moon. 答案of題干為倍數(shù)表達(dá)法,即“倍數(shù)+the+名詞(length,size,height,weight,depth等)+of+其他”,故空格處填介詞of。 3.Our city has experienced twice as much rain this year as it did last year. 答案as句意:我們城市今年的降雨量是去年的兩倍。根據(jù)倍數(shù)的常用表達(dá)“倍

18、數(shù)+as+much+名詞+as+其他”可知,空格處填as。,單句改錯 4.Its said that the power plant is now twice as what it used to be. 刪掉as 答案刪掉as根據(jù)倍數(shù)的表達(dá)法“倍數(shù)+what+從句”可知,應(yīng)該刪除as。,1.倍數(shù)+as+形容詞/副詞原級+as 2.倍數(shù)+形容詞/副詞的比較級+than 3.倍數(shù)+the+名詞+of 4.倍數(shù)+what從句 Our classroom is three times as large as theirs. =Our classroom is three times larger than theirs. =Our classroom is three times the size of t