高中英語 Unit3 The world online語法 牛津譯林版選修7

1、Unit3 The world online語法 助動詞【定義】協(xié)助主要動詞構(gòu)成謂語動詞詞組的詞叫助動詞（Auxiliary Verb）。助動詞自身沒有詞義，不可單獨使用。 【功能】 助動詞協(xié)助主要動詞用來：a. 表示時態(tài) b. 表示語態(tài) c. 構(gòu)成疑問句 d. 與否定副詞not合用，構(gòu)成否定句 e. 加強語氣 【最常用的助動詞】be（am/is/are/was/were/been）do（does/did）have (has/had)modals（shall/should/will/would/can/ could/may/might/must/need/dare ）A phrasal aux

2、iliary verb（have (got) to, had better/would sooner/rather ( than)/cannot (help) but/be (not) to/be supposed to/ought to/used to/be about to/be able to） 分類講解：1. be（am/is/are/was/were/been）1） be作為本動詞表示狀態(tài)或客觀存在等意思。2） be+不定詞連用, 表示約定、義務(wù)、命令等未來的動作或狀態(tài)。3） be+現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成各種進(jìn)行時態(tài)。4） be+過去分詞構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)。5） be用于have/has/had后構(gòu)

3、成完成時。2. do（does/did）1) do作為助動詞時的時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化有do, does, did三種形式。2) do+主詞+原形動詞構(gòu)成疑問句。3) do + not + 原形動詞構(gòu)成否定句。4) do(+not)+主詞用于附帶問句。 5) do +原形動詞用于加強語氣句。6) Never (Only) 等+do+主詞+原形動詞用于倒裝句3. have（has/had）1) 助動詞have+過去分詞構(gòu)成完成時態(tài)。2) have +受詞+過去分詞表示請或讓別人做某事。 3) have +受詞+原形不定詞表示請或讓某人做某事。4. modals（shall/should/will/

4、would/can/ could/may/might/must/need/dare） 1) shall表示發(fā)言者的意志,包括諾言、決心、強制等；shall用于詢問對方的意向。2) should表示義務(wù)，責(zé)任等。3) will用于第二人稱疑問句中,詢問對方意志或請求。will+原形動詞用于所有人稱，表意愿。would +原形動詞表示過去一段時間的習(xí)慣。4) can，could在口語中相當(dāng)于may、might，表示許可。Can，could表示能力，相當(dāng)于be able to。Can，could表示懷疑、推測，一般用于疑問句或否定句。Can，could用于慣用語。Cant help或couldnt

5、help+動名詞表示不得不、忍不住。5) must表示必須、義務(wù)等,強調(diào)主觀因素。need可以對must引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句作否定回答。must的否定式表示不準(zhǔn),禁止等意思。must+have+過去分詞表示對過去情況的推斷。must+原形動詞表示對現(xiàn)在情況的推斷。Neednt+have+過去分詞表示過去不必做卻已經(jīng)做了的事。6) dare作為情態(tài)助動詞，一般只能用于疑問句或否定句中。5. A phrasal auxiliary verb（have (got) to, had better/would sooner/rather ( than)/cannot (help) but/be (not)

6、to/be supposed to/ought to/used to/be about to/be able to/be due to/be going to/be likely to/be meant to/be willing to/seem to/be unable to/be unwilling to ）.have to 強調(diào)客觀因素would rather 表示寧愿做某事could not (help) but 只能做某事are supposed to 應(yīng)該做某事used to 表示過去常常做某事be about to 正要做某事be able to 能做某事be due to 到期

7、做某事be going to 打算做某事be likely to 很有可能做某事be meant to 打算做某事be willing to 樂意做某事seem to 好像要做某事be unable to 不能做某事be unwilling to 不愿意做某事【鞏固練習(xí)】一、單項選擇。1. So far this year we a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen2. The moment I got home, I found I my jacke

8、t on the playground. A. had left B. left C. have left D. was leaving3. Did you go to the show last night?Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area invited.A. were B. have been C. has been D. was4. Though we dont know what discussed, yet we can feel the topic . A. had changed B. will change C. was changed

9、 D. has been changed5. Teenagers their health because they play computer games too much. A. have damaged B. are damaging C. damaged D. will damage6. Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. I think so. He for it for months. A. is preparingB. was preparing C. had been preparing D. has be

10、en preparing7. The telephone , but by the time I got indoors, it stopped. A. had rung B. was ringing C. rings D. has rung8. By the time he realizes he into a trap, itll be too late for him to do anything about it. A. walks B. walked C. has walked D. had walked9. If their marketing plans succeed, the

11、y their sales by 20 percent.A. will increase B. have been increasingC. have increased D. would be increasing10. We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we each other for years. A. knew B. have known C. had known D. know11. Have you got any job offers? No. I .A. waitedB. had be

12、en waiting C. have waited D. am waiting12. Do you think we should accept that offer?Yes, we should, for we such bad luck up till now, and time out. A. have had; is running B. had; is runningC. have; has been run D. have had; has been run13. The hotel wasnt particularly good. But I in many worse hote

13、ls. A .was staying B. stayed C. would stay D. had stayed14. Did you watch the basketball match yesterday? Yes, I did. You know, my brother in the match. A. is playing B. was playing C. has played D. had played15. Population experts predict that most people in cities in the near future. A. live B. wo

14、uld live C. will live D. have lived16. He as a national hero for winning the first gold medal for his country in the Olympics. A. regarded B. was regarded C. has regarded D. had been regarded17. The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front to arrive. A. is expected B. is expecting C. exp

15、ects D. will be expected18. I hear theyve promoted Tom, but he didnt mention when we talked on the phone. A. to promote B. having been promotedC. having promoted D. to be promoted19. Do you have any problems if you this job?Well, Im thinking about the salaryA. offer B. will offer C. are offered D. w

16、ill be offered20. No decision about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed. A. will be made B. is made C. is being made D. has been made21. I like these English songs and they many times on the radio. A. taught B. have taught C. are taught D. have been taught22. In rec

17、ent years many football clubs as business to make a profit. A. have run B. have been run C. had been run D. will run23. When I was young, I was told that I play with matches.A. wouldnt B. neednt C. mustnt D. darent24. Liza _ well not want to go on the trip, she hates traveling.A. will B. can C. must

18、 D. may25. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it be rather cold sometime. A. must B. can C. should D. would26. You dont have to know the name of the author to find a book. You find the book by the title. A. must B. need C. can D. would27. What sort of house do you want to have? Somethin

19、g big?Well, it be bigthats not important. A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. wont28. She have left school, for her bike is still here. A. cant B. wouldnt C. shouldnt D. neednt29. I cant find my purse anywhere.You have lost it while shopping. A. may B. can C. should D. would30. Although this sound like a

20、 simple task, great care is needed. A. mustB. mayC. shallD. should31. Peter be really difficult at times even though hes a nice person in general. A. shall B. should C. can D. must32. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I dont think we it without you. A. can manage B. could have managed C. c

21、ould manage D. can have managed 33. You be hungry alreadyyou had lunch only two hours ago! A. wouldnt B. cant C. mustnt D. neednt34. Im sorry. I at you the other day. Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself. A. shouldnt shoutB. shouldnt have shouted C. mustnt shoutD. mustnt have shouted35. When I was young, I was told that I play with matches.A. wouldnt B. neednt C. mustnt D. darent36. According to the air traffic rules, you switch off your mobile phone before boarding. A. may B. can C. would D. should二、用括號內(nèi)所給詞組翻譯下列各句。1. 你最好先問你的醫(yī)生。（had better） 2. 我們寧愿做出自己