醫(yī)學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)詞根

1、.SuffixMeaningExample-acpertaining tocardiac: pertaining to the heart屬于，關(guān)于心 （?。┑?alpertaining tomedical: pertaining to medicine-arpertaining tomolecular: pertaining to a molecule分子的-arypertaining tociliary: pertaining to the ciliabelonging to睫毛的 , 毛的 ,毛狀的-aseenzyme 酶amylase: any enzyme that converts

2、 starch to sugar淀粉 -clesmallnessfollicle: a small bodily cavity or sac小 ,少 , 乏 ,小氣小囊 ,( 的 )毛囊-ean instrument 器auriscope: an instrument for examining the ear ( 耳 用的)耳 -ealpertaining tolaryngeal: pertaining to the larynx喉的 , 喉音的-iacondition; qualityphobia: abnormal fear 恐懼，害怕-icpertaining totoxic: per

3、taining to toxin有毒的；因中毒引起的-icsstudy of; name of a sciencepaediatrics: study of children, their development and diseases兒科學(xué)-ine/insubstance 物 insulin：substance (hormone) produced by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas胰 素-ismprocess or conditionalcoholism: excessive drinking of alcohol which beco

4、mes addictive 酒精中毒-istone who specializes inpharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in the study of drugs藥精通于 的人理 家-itisinflammation refers to a partrhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passagesin鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎 部位的炎癥-(i)umrelation to a whole; related tendometrium: inner lining of the uter 子 內(nèi)膜o與 相關(guān)-ivechar

5、acterizes byantitussive: a drug that suppresses coughing止咳 -lettiny; smalldroplet: a tiny drop 小滴-mentthe result or product of an acdevelopment: thing which develops or is being developed; action otionf becoming mature-oidresembling; likemucoid: resembling mucus像粘液 的-olelittle; smallcentriole: the s

6、mall dense structure in the middle of the centrosome.-omatumor; swelling refers to a doer-or/-ereither a person or thing細(xì)胞中心粒；中心體dermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the skin 皮膚纖維瘤receptor: a sensory nerve ending that responds to various stimuli 感受器，受體-orycharacterized by; pertainingsuspensory: which is

7、 hanging downto懸吊式，懸?guī)?osesugarfructose: fruits sugar found in honey and some fruit 果糖-osisabnormal conditiononychocryptosis: abnormal condition of a hidden nail嵌甲-ouspertaining topoisonous: pertaining to poison; also containing poison有毒的，分泌毒素的-somesbodiesribosome: the body of nucleic acid 核糖體-umstru

8、cture; thing; substancemagnesium: a white metallic chemical substance 鎂（金屬元素）結(jié)構(gòu)，物質(zhì)-ycondition; act; processdystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism 營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixesSuffixMeaningExample-algiapain; painful; conditionarthralg

9、ia: pain in a joint 關(guān)節(jié)痛-aseenzymeprotease: digestive enzyme 蛋白酶-blastembryo 胚，胚胎，人類(lèi)胚h(yuǎn)emocytoblast: blast cell 血胚細(xì)胞，原始血細(xì)胞胎-carcinom malignant tumor developingadenocarcinoma: malignant tumor developing from glandular tissuafrom connective tissue 相關(guān) e 腺癌組織的惡性腫瘤-celeprotrusion; distention 突出； esophagoce

10、le: abnormal distention of the esophagus 食管突出膨脹，延伸-centesissurgical puncture 手術(shù)穿孔paracentesis: surgical puncture of a cavity for the aspiration of fluid 穿刺術(shù)-capniacarbon dioxide 二氧化碳acapnia: absence of carbon dioxide 血液二氧化碳缺乏-cidekillgermicide: (substance) which can kill germs殺菌劑-clastcellphagocyte:

11、cell, especially a white blood cell, which can surround and destroy other cells 噬菌細(xì)胞-dyniapainglossodynia: pain in the tongue 舌痛-ectasia/expansion; dilation( 膨脹，擴(kuò) atelectasis: incomplete expansion of the lungs at birth肺不張-ectasis張 )-ectomysurgical excision or removalgastrectomy: surgical removal of

12、the stomach 胃切除術(shù)of-edemaexcessive accumulation of smyxoedema: condition caused when the thyroid gland does not proerous fluid 水腫duce enough thyroid hormone 粘液腺瘤病，粘液水腫-emiablood conditionleukemia: any of several malignant diseases where an abnormal nu.mber of leucocytes form in the blood白血病-emesisvom

13、iting 嘔吐hematemesis: the vomiting of blood咯血；吐血-gensomething that produced orpathogen: a microorganism or agent capable of producing diseaseprouduces病菌，病原體-genesisproduction 生產(chǎn)spermatogenesis: formation and development of spermatozoa in the testes精子發(fā)生-globinprotein 蛋白質(zhì)hemoglobin: an iron-containing

14、protein produced by erythrocytes血紅素-gnosisknowledgediagnosis: the process of identifying the nature or presence of a disease through knowledge and examination-gramimage; pictureelectrocardiogram: a graphic record of the electrical activity of heart muscle or heartbeat used in the diagnosis of heart

15、disease.Abbr. ECG and EKG. Syn. cardiogram心電圖-graph(y)process of recordingelectocardiography: the process of making or recording electrocard記錄過(guò)程iograms. Syn. cardiography 心電圖記錄-iasiscondition; statecholelithiasis: the formation of gallstones 膽石癥情況，狀況-iatry/healing, frequently refers topodiatry: trea

16、tment of foot disorders-iatricsa branch of medicine 康復(fù)， 足部醫(yī)療常指醫(yī)學(xué)的一個(gè)分支-lithstonecholelith: a gallstone; a stone formed in the gallbladder膽結(jié)石-logythe study ofcytology: the science study of cells 細(xì)胞學(xué)-logistone who studies and treatsurologist: a physician who specializes in the practice of urology 泌尿科醫(yī)生

17、-lysisbreakdown, destructionhemolysis: the destruction or breakdown of red blood cells with release of hemoglobin 溶血-malaciasofteningosteomalacia: softening of bone 骨軟化-maniaextreme compulsion or preokleptomania: a morbid, uncontrollable compulsion to steal 盜竊癖ccupation 強(qiáng)迫癥-megalygiantacromegaly: a

18、condition in which there is an enlargement of the facial bones as well as those of the lungs 肢端肥大癥-metry/measurementspirometry: measurement of the volume of air inhaled and exhaled-meteror the air capacity of the lungs 肺 (活 )量測(cè)定 (法 ),呼吸量測(cè)定 (法 )-odyniapaincardiodynia: pain in the heart region心痛，胸痛-on

19、ehormone 荷爾蒙，激素parathormone: which regulates calcium balance among the blood,bones, and teeth 甲狀旁腺激素-opiaa defect in the eye 眼睛的毛 myopia: being short-sighted 近視病-opsyto viewbiopsy: excision of live tissue for microscopic diagnosis活檢-osismorbid condition 病態(tài)的sclerosis: abnormal hardening 硬化癥-osmiasmel

20、lanosmia: loss of the sense of smell 嗅覺(jué)喪失.-ostomyprocess of making an openingastrostomy: surgical construction of an opening from the surfaceg into or a connection betweof the abdomen into the stomach 胃造口術(shù)en造瘺-oxialevel of oxygen 氧水平hypoxia: a low oxygen level or a lack of oxygen in body tissues組織缺氧

21、-pathydisease; diseased conditionophthalmopathy: any eye disease 眼病-peniadeficiencyleukopenia: deficiency of leukocytes in the blood. Syn. leukocytopenia 白細(xì)胞減少癥-pepsiadigestioneupepsia: good digestion 消化良好-pexya fixing or setting firmly inhepatopexy: surgical fixation of a displace liver肝固定術(shù)place by

22、 suturing縫合固定-phagia/peating; swallowing吃，吞咽 dysphagia: difficulty in swallowing吞咽困難hagy-philattraction 吸引，具有吸引力 basophil: type of leucocyte or white blood cell which contains gran的事物ules 嗜堿性粒細(xì)胞-phobiafearxenophobia: irrational fear of strangers對(duì)外國(guó)人的恐懼，憎惡-plasiaformation; developmenthyperplasia: ove

23、rdevelopment or enlargement of an organ or tissue增生，數(shù)量型肥大-phoniavoicedysphonia: difficulty in speaking 發(fā)聲困難-plasmformation; growth or substacytoplasm: jelly substance in the cell細(xì)胞漿nce of formation-plastysurgical repairosteoplasty: surgical repair of the bone骨整形術(shù)，骨成形術(shù)-plegiastroke; paralysis 中風(fēng)therm

24、oplegia: heat or sunsrtoke 熱射病-pneabreathingeupnea: normal breathing 呼吸正常，平靜呼吸-ptosisa falling, the dropping or saghepatoptosis: abnormally low position of the liver肝下垂ging of an organ 器官下移-ptysisspitting 分散melanoptysis: spitting of the spleen黑色痰液 ;咳黑痰-poiesisproductionhemopoiesis: production of blo

25、od cells造血作用，生血作用-rrhage/bursting forth of blood 出血 menorrhagia: very heavy bleeding during menstruation月經(jīng)過(guò)多-rrhagia-rrhaphysurgical sewing or suturingsplenorrhaphy: suture of the spleen 脾修補(bǔ)術(shù)-rrheaoverflowhydrorrhea: watery discharge 液溢-(o)rrhexisplitting or rupture 撕裂， 破 amniorrhexis: rupture of th

26、e amniotic acs裂，疝氣羊膜破裂-sarcomamalignant tumor developingliposarcoma: malignant tumor containing fatfrom connective tissue脂肪肉瘤-schesisa holding back; suppressionuroschesis: suppression of urine 閉尿，尿潴留of discharge 阻礙；抑制排放-sclerosisa hardeningdermatosclerosis: hardening of the skin硬皮病-scopeinstrument f

27、or viewingstethoscope: an instrument for performing medicate ausculation聽(tīng).診器-scopyprocess of examining visuallhepatoscopy: examination of the liver 肝檢查y-spasminvoluntary contractionangiospasm: sudden contraction of the muscles in a blood vessel血管痙攣-stasissuppression; stoppage; contr hemostasis: the

28、arrest of bleedingol; arrest 抑制，中止止血，止血法-stenosisabnormal narrowing of a dularyngostenosis: abnormal narrowing of the larynx喉狹窄ct or canal 管、道德異常狹窄-stomysurgical opening to the outsicolostomy: surgical operation to make an opening from the colonde of the body 造口結(jié)腸造口術(shù)-tentionpressurehypertention: hig

29、h blood pressure 高血壓-therapytreatmentphysiotherapy: treatment of disease by physical means 物理療法-tionprocesshospitalization: the process of being hosipitalized住院-tocialabor; birth 生產(chǎn)embryotocia: abortion 流產(chǎn)-tometool for incisionarthrotome: instrument for cutting a joint 關(guān)節(jié)刀-tomyprocess of cutting int

30、ogastrotomy: incision of the stomach胃切開(kāi)術(shù)-tropiaturning 轉(zhuǎn)彎，變向esotropia: turning inward of the eye內(nèi)斜視-trophynourishment or developmentdystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism 營(yíng)of an organ 器官的營(yíng)養(yǎng)、 發(fā) 養(yǎng)不良育-uriaa condition of the urine （ 小 dysuria: difficultly in passing urine排尿困難便）-

31、versionturningeversion: a turning outward 外翻，翻轉(zhuǎn)Here is a table of the most commonly used prefixesPrefixMeaningExamplea-/an-without; notaphasia: the inability to understand written or spoken words or to speak meaningfully 失語(yǔ)癥ab-away fromabortion: expulsion from the uterus流產(chǎn)ad-to; toward; nearadnasal:

32、 near the nose 近鼻的acro- a point or tipacronyx: growing into the flesh 嵌甲alb-whitealbino: a person lacking normal pigmentation白發(fā)病者amb-/bothambisexual、ambi-bisexual: (person) who is sexually attracted to both males and famales 雙性戀amphi-both; both sidesamphicentric: beginning and ending in the same ves

33、sel 起 止同源/的血管ampho-ana-up; back againanabolism: process of building up complex chemical substances onthe basis of simpler ones 合成代謝Angio-a blood vesselangioma: benign tumor formed of blood vessel血管瘤.ante-beforeantenatal: during the period between conception and childbirth出生前的，懷孕期的anti-againstantidep

34、ressant: (drug) used to treat depression 抗抑郁劑audi-hearing; soundaudiometry: science of testing hearing聽(tīng)力測(cè)定auto-selfautoantibody: antibody formed to attack the body sown cells自身抗體bi-two; twicebicellular: two cells 兩室的bio-living organisms 生命體biochemistry: chemistry living tissues生物化學(xué)brady-slowbradycar

35、dia: slow rate of heart contraction, shown by a slow pulserate 心動(dòng)過(guò)緩carcin-carcinoma or cancer 癌；瘤carcinogen: a cancer-causing substance 致癌物cata-downwards; under; against;cataract: condition where the lens of the eye gradually becomes haalong withrd and opaque 白內(nèi)障centi-one hundredth 百分之一centimeter: u

36、nit of measurement of length(=one hundredth of a meter)厘米co(n)-with or togetherconsanguineous: blood relationship 血親的，血緣的，密切的contra-againstcontraception: prevention of pregnancy by using devices or drugs避孕法，節(jié)育法de-removal or lossdecaffeinated: (coffee) with the caffeine removed脫去咖啡因的deca-tendecagram:

37、 ten grams 十克deci-tenthdeciliter: unit of measurement of liquid(=one tenth of a little)1/10公升di-twodiglossia: a double tongue 使用兩種語(yǔ)言dia-through; between; apart; across diathermy: process of (treating) through heat透熱療法dis-reversal or separatedisintegrate: to come to pieces 分解，破裂dys-bad; difficult; di

38、sordereddysarthrosis: deformity or malformation of a joint關(guān)節(jié)變形echo-soundechocardiography: ultrasonography of the heart心回波描記， 超聲心動(dòng)描記術(shù)ect-/outside or outerecchondroma: benign tumor on the surface of cartilage or bone外ecto-生軟骨瘤en-in; withinenostosis: benign growth inside a bone 內(nèi)生骨疣endo-insideendocardi

39、um: membrane which lines the heart 心內(nèi)膜epi-on; overepidermis: outer layer of skin 表皮ery-rederythrocyte: mature non-nucleated red blood cell紅細(xì)胞eso-inward; within( 向內(nèi) )esotropia: turning inward of the eye 內(nèi)斜視eu-goodeugenics: study of how to improve the human race by genetic selection 優(yōu)生學(xué)ex-/ exout ofex

40、hale: to breath out 呼出o-extra-outsideextracapsular: outside a capsule 囊外的.hemi-halfhemiplegia: severe paralysis affecting one side of the body偏 癱 ,半身麻痹 ,半身不遂hydro-waterhydrocele: collection of watery liquid found in a cavity such as thescrotum 陰囊積水hyper-higher or too muchhyperglycaemia: excess of gl

41、ucose in the blood高血糖癥hypo-less or too littlehypokalaemia: deficiency of potassium in the blood低血鉀in-in or intoinbreeding: breeding between a closely related male and female 近親交配in-notincoherent: not able to speak in a way which makes sense語(yǔ)無(wú)倫次infra-below or beneathinfrapatellar: below or beneath th

42、e patella髕inter-betweeninterlobular: between lobules 小葉間的intra-insideintramedullary: inside the bone marrow or spinal cord髓內(nèi)itro-intointrovert: person who thinks only about himself and his own mental state 性格內(nèi)向的人mal-bad or abnormalmalfunction: abnormal working of an argan 機(jī)器等運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)失常；失靈；出現(xiàn)故障meta-changes

43、metaplasia: change of one tissue to another化生，轉(zhuǎn)化，組織變形micro-very smallmicrocyte: abnormally small red blood cell小紅細(xì)胞mid-middlemidcarpal: between the two rows of carpal bones 腕骨間的milli-one thousandthmilligram: unit of measurement of weight毫克mis-error or wrongmiscarriage: spontaneous abortion 流產(chǎn)multi-m

44、anymultigravida: a woman who is pregnant and has been pregnant at least twice before 經(jīng)產(chǎn)孕婦noct-at nightnocturia: passing abnormally large quantity of urine when asleep in bed at night 夜尿癥nona-nine or the ninethnonagon: flat shape which has nine sides 九邊形octa-eightoctan: every eight days 八日熱；每隔八日發(fā)一次的o

45、dont-teethodontology: study of teeth and associated structures, and their disordersonco-tumoursoncology: scientific study of new gowths腫瘤學(xué)oro-mouthorolingual: pertaining to the mouth and tongue口與舌的pachy-thickeningpachysomia: condition where soft tissues of the body become abnormally thick 軀體肥厚pali-/

46、against; pathologic repetitionpalindromic: (disease) which recurspalin-病態(tài)的重復(fù)復(fù)發(fā)的，再發(fā)的pan-/pa allpancytopenia: abnormal depression of all the cellular elements of tnt-/he blodd 全血細(xì)胞減少癥panto-para-similar to or near; changed or bparalyse or paralyze: to weaken (muscles) so that they cannot functeyondion

47、使麻痹，使癱瘓.pen-/fivepentosuria: excretion of pentoses in the urinepenta-戊糖尿per-throughpercutaneous: done or administered through the skin經(jīng)皮的，由皮的peri-aroundpericystitis: inflammation of tissue around the bladder膀胱周炎pero-deformed or defective畸形有 peromelia: congenital deformity of the limbs缺陷的四肢不全pharma d

48、rugsco-pleo-/too manypleio-pluri-morepneum- air or the lungs; breathing /pneunmo-poly-touching many organspharmacology: study of drugs or medicines, and their action, prope rties and characteristics 藥理學(xué)，藥物學(xué)pleokaryocyte: condition where a greater than normal number of c ells in cerebrospinal fluid 多