英語四級之中國傳統(tǒng)文化

1、英語四級：段落翻譯1、獅舞（Lion Dance）是中國最廣為流傳的民間舞蹈之一。獅為百獸之首，在中國傳統(tǒng)中，獅子被視為是能帶來好運的吉祥物（mascot）。古人將獅子視作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驅(qū)趕邪惡、保護人類。據(jù)記載，獅舞已擁有了2,000多年的歷史。在唐代（theTang Dynasty），獅舞就已經(jīng)被引入了皇室。因此，舞獅成為元宵節(jié)（the Lantern Festival）和其他節(jié)日的習(xí)俗，人們以此來祈禱好運、平安和幸福。The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China.The lion is the

2、king of animals. InChinese tradition, the lion is regarded as a mascot, which can bring good luck.Ancient people regarded the lion as a symbol of braveness and strength, whichcould drive away evil and protect humans. The dance has a recorded history ofmore than 2,000 years. During the Tang Dynasty,

3、the Lion Dance was alreadyintroduced into the royal family of the dynasty. Therefore, performing the liondance at the Lantern Festival and other festive occasions became a custom wherepeople could pray for good luck, safety and happiness.2、中國將進一步發(fā)展經(jīng)濟、擴大開放，這對海外企業(yè)（enterprises）意味著更多的商機。改革開放以來，中國企業(yè)與海外企業(yè)

4、一直積極開展經(jīng)濟技術(shù)合作，并取得了巨大成就。海外企業(yè)不僅幫助了中國企業(yè)的成長，而且也在合作中獲得了收益。中國政府將繼續(xù)提供有利的政策和條件，推動中國企業(yè)與國外企業(yè)進一步開展合作。Chinawill develop its economy further and open itself wider to the outside world,which offers more business opportunities to overseas enterprises. Since Chinas reformand opening up, Chinese enterprises have been

5、 cooperating with overseasenterprises in terms of economy and technology, and have scored greatachievement. Overseas enterprises have not only helped Chinese enterprises withtheir growth, but also benefited from the cooperation. Chinese government willcontinue to offer favorable policies and conditi

6、ons to promote the furthercooperation between Chinese and overseas enterprises.3、假日經(jīng)濟的現(xiàn)象表明：中國消費者的消費觀正在發(fā)生巨大變化。根據(jù)統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)，中國消費者的消費需求正在從基本生活必需品轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)π蓍e、舒適和個人發(fā)展的需求。同時，中國人的消費觀在蓬勃發(fā)展的假日經(jīng)濟中正變得成熟。因此產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)做相應(yīng)調(diào)整，來適應(yīng)社會的發(fā)展。另一方面，服務(wù)質(zhì)量要改善，以滿足人們提高生活質(zhì)量的要求。The phenomenon of holiday economy showsthat Chinese peoples consumptio

7、n concept is undertaking great changes.According to statistics, the demands of Chinese consumers are shifting from thebasic necessities of life to leisure, comfort and personal development.Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt tosocial development. On the other

8、 hand, services should be improved to satisfypeoples demand for an improved quality of life.4、端午節(jié)，又叫龍舟節(jié)，是為了紀念愛國詩人屈原。屈原是一位忠誠和受人敬仰的大臣（minister）,他給國家?guī)砹撕推胶头睒s。但最后因為受到誹謗（vilify）而最終投河自盡。人們撐船到他自盡的地方，拋下粽子，希望魚兒吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身軀。幾千年來，端午節(jié)的特色在于吃粽子（glutinous dumplings）和賽龍舟，尤其是在一些河湖密布的南方省份。The Duanwu Festival, also ca

9、lled the DragonBoat Festival, is to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan was aloyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to thestate but ended up drowning himself in a river as a result of being vilified.People got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings

10、 into the water,hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of Qu Yuans body. Forthousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings anddragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are manyrivers and lakes.5、2013年6月20日在中國各地，劇估計60萬兒童和他們的老師觀看了有宇航員（astron

11、aut）王亞平在距離地球300公里的上空所講授的科學(xué)課。王亞平與兩個同事乘坐天宮一號實驗艙(theTiangon-1 laboratory module)執(zhí)行為期兩周的任務(wù)。她在課上進行了一系列太空的物理演示。在有些演示中還對比了在地球上重力（one-gravity）環(huán)境下同樣的實驗。這堂物理課不僅讓孩子們享受了一堂知識與樂趣兼具的物理課，也顯示了我國通信科技的前進。On June 20, 2013, an estimated 600 thousandschool children and their teachers across China watched a science lesson

12、taught from 300km above the Earth by astronaut Wang Yaping. Wang is aboard theTiangong-1 laboratory module with two crewmates, for a two-week mission. Her lessonswere a series of physics demonstrations in the space. In some demonstrations,she compared with the same experiment under the one-gravity e

13、nvironment onEarth. The lesson has not only offered children a physics lesson with knowledgeand interest, but also shows the advance in communication technology of China.6、朝氣蓬勃，充滿活力，豐富多彩的上海是現(xiàn)代中國的縮影。雖然上海的文化遺跡不能與北京媲美，但是上海迷人的城市風(fēng)貌，風(fēng)格各異的萬國建筑為這座城市注入了無限的魅力。今日之上海，已經(jīng)成為享譽中外的國際大都市。漫步在這座日新月異的現(xiàn)代大都市里，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)許多精彩的歷史亮

14、點，隱現(xiàn)在眾多摩天大樓背后的是上海發(fā)展變化的軌跡。它們記述了上海自十九世紀末開埠以來，尤其是新中國成立以后，是如何迅猛發(fā)展的。Shanghaiis a dynamic, diverse and stimulating city - the very epitome ofmodern China.Though Shanghai cannot rival Beijing in cultural heritage, its varied architecturalstyles and cosmopolitan feel give it a charm of its own. Todays Shang

15、hai has become aworld-famous international metropolis. A walk through this booming city revealsmany glimpses of its colorful past. Hiddenamongst the skyscrapers are remains of theoriginal Shanghai.They keep on showing how Shanghai has beendeveloping fast and enormously since its opening as a commerc

16、ial port in thelate 19th century, especially after the founding of new China.7、近代以來，亞洲經(jīng)歷了曲折和艱難的發(fā)展歷程。亞洲人們?yōu)楦淖冏约旱拿\，始終以不屈的意志和艱辛的奮斗開辟前進道路。今天，人們所看到的亞洲發(fā)展成就，是勤勞智慧的亞洲人民不屈不撓、鍥而不舍奮斗的結(jié)果。亞洲人民深知，世界上沒有放之四海而皆準的發(fā)展模式，也沒有一成不變的發(fā)展道路，亞洲人民勇于變革創(chuàng)新，不斷開拓進取，探索和開辟適應(yīng)時代潮流，符合自身實際的發(fā)展道路，為經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展打開了廣闊前景。In modern times, Asiaexperienc

17、ed twists and turns in its development. To change their destiny, thepeople of Asia have been forging ahead in anindomitable spirit and with hard struggle. Asiasdevelopment achievements today are the result of the persistent efforts of theindustrious and talented Asian people. The people of Asiaare f

18、ully aware that there is no ready model or unchanging path of developmentthat is universally applicable. They never shy away from reform and innovation.Instead, they are committed to exploring and finding development paths that arein line with the trend of the times and their own situations, and hav

19、e openedup bright prospects for economic and social development.8、吸煙之危害，可謂大矣，其嚴重性是不能低估的。吸煙污染空氣，損害健康，使肺癌發(fā)病率大大增加。為了使各國人民關(guān)注煙草的盛行及預(yù)防吸煙導(dǎo)致的疾病和死亡，世界衛(wèi)生組織已將每年的5月31日定為“世界無煙日”。癮君子們說，一天飯不吃可以，一個時辰不抽煙就難捱了，不能戒。只要真正意識到吸煙有百害而無一利，于人于己都是一種禍害，就有可能下決心擺脫煙草的誘惑。戒煙貴在堅持，堅持下去就是收獲。Smoking does great harm to human and itsgravit

20、y should not be underestimated. Smoking pollutes air, damages health, andincreases the incidence of lung cancer. To arouse the awareness about theprevalence of tobacco in all the countries and to prevent smoking-induceddiseases and deaths, the WHO (World Health Organization) has defined May 31stin e

21、very year as World No-Tobacco Day. The tobacco addicts say that smoking isimpossible to quit because they could do without meals in a day but would feeltortured without tobacco in two hours. However, when one realizes that smokingis harmful in many ways but beneficial in no way and that it is a curs

22、e toothers as well as to he himself, he will be determined to resist the temptationof tobacco. To quit smoking requires persistence and so long as one persists,hell be rewarded.9、越來越多受英文教育的海外華人父母，已經(jīng)認識到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同時，也通曉中文的重要性。中國的崛起，讓他們充分認識到孩子掌握雙語的好處既能增加他們的就業(yè)機會，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化。這些人對中文的態(tài)度幾乎沒有完全改變

23、。曾幾何時，他們還非常驕傲地宣稱自己只懂英文?，F(xiàn)在，他們已開始積極支持孩子學(xué)習(xí)中文和中國文化，而且還不時走訪中國，欣賞壯觀的自然風(fēng)光，認識豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。An increasing number of English-educatedChinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while Englishlearning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kidshave a good command of Chinese. Chi

24、nasrise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefitfrom their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitivenessin the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity withthe two different cultures between the East and the West. They h

25、ave hardlychanged their attitudes towards Chinese. At one time they proudly declared thatthey knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kidslearning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China,where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landsca

26、pe and get to know its richcultural heritage.10、我贊同許多東亞學(xué)者的觀點，東方文明可以醫(yī)治盛行于西方世界的一些頑疾。西方世界個人自由主義泛濫導(dǎo)致了極端個人主義、性關(guān)系混亂以及過度暴力行為，對此我們不能視而不見。/相反，東方社會的自我約束力，集體責(zé)任感以及溫厚儒雅的傳統(tǒng)倒可以消除西方社會的許多惡疾。/在這個信息時代，世界已縮小成一個地球村。這個地球村里，不再有什么涇渭分明的東方世界和西方世界，我們是生活在同一個社區(qū)里的鄰里。/因此，我們彼此之間無須沖突。我們之間的關(guān)系應(yīng)該是一種友好合作，平等互補的關(guān)系。我們應(yīng)該相互理解，相互學(xué)習(xí)，和睦共處。I sh

27、are the same view with many East Asianscholars that the Oriental civilization can heal some of the prevailing ,stubborn Western ills. We should not turn a blind eye to the fact thatindividual freedom has gone overboard in the West, resulting in extremeindividualism, sexual promiscuity and excessive

28、use of violence./ By contrast,self-discipline, corporate responsibility and the pacific tradition of East Asiacan offset many Western vices./ At this age of information, the world has shrunkas a global village in which there will be no clear-cut worlds of the East and theWest any more, but a world o

29、f one community with neighboring families./ Therefore,we do not necessarily have to come into clash with each other. Our relationshipis one of friendly cooperation, equality and mutual complementarity and therefore,we should understand and learn from each other, and live in harmony./11、國際貿(mào)易的基本原則是平等互

30、利，各國追求各自的利益是正常的，出現(xiàn)一些摩擦和糾紛也是不可避免的。關(guān)鍵要以冷靜而明智的態(tài)度正確對待和處理摩擦和糾紛。/就中美貿(mào)易而言，互利共贏的經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系給兩國人民帶來了實實在在的經(jīng)濟利益。今天，美國在華投資設(shè)立的企業(yè)已超過4萬家，投資額達450億美元。/美國500強企業(yè)有400多家進入中國，大多數(shù)企業(yè)獲利豐厚。與此同時，在美國市場上，許多中國商品受到美國消費者的青睞。中國在美國投資設(shè)立的企業(yè)已超過1000家。/我們可以預(yù)見，中美貿(mào)易摩擦將隨著經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的深化而凸顯，但是中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作的總體發(fā)展是不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的。主要有兩個原因，其一：中美貿(mào)易具有很大互補性。其二：中國產(chǎn)品具有明顯的勞動力成本優(yōu)勢。/Eq

31、uality and mutual benefit is thefundamental principle of international trade. Therefore, it is normal thatcountries will seek to protect their own interests, which may lead to trade frictionsand disputes. The key lies in how to cope with these issues correctly in a cooland wise manner./ As for China

32、-US trade, mutually beneficial and win-win tradeand economic ties have delivered tangible economic benefits to the two peoples.Now, with over 40,000 U.S.- invested enterprises, the total investment in Chinastands at $45 billion./ Of the top 500 U.S companies, more than 400 have theirbusiness in Chin

33、a, and most of them are making handsome profit. At the sametime, many Chinese commodities have become favored choices of American consumers.Meanwhile, the number of Chinese-invested enterprises in the United Sates hassurpassed 1,000./ We predict that trade disputes between China and the United State

34、swill become more acute along with the further development in bilateral trade andeconomic cooperation. The overall development in bilateral trade and economic cooperationis, however, irreversible. There are two factors contribute to this trend.Firstly, the Sino-U.S. economic and trade relations enjo

35、y complementarities in vastfields. Secondly, Chinahas an outstanding labor cost advantage./12、中國國際出版集團是中國最大的、最權(quán)威的外語出版發(fā)行單位，其前身是中央人民政府新聞出版署國際新聞局。/我集團堅持“讓中國走向世界，讓世界了解中國”的出版原則，全心致力于中國外語教育與研究事業(yè)的發(fā)展，全心致力于中外文化交流事業(yè)的拓展。/為了加強對出版人才隊伍的建設(shè)，為了滿足日益增長的特殊出版業(yè)務(wù)的需要，我集團每年都要選派一些青年員工到國內(nèi)外知名高等學(xué)府和研究機構(gòu)進修，/根據(jù)我們的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，我們會將前進的步伐邁出國

36、界走向世界，瞄準海外讀者群，這一戰(zhàn)略已取得了良好的開局。/The China International Publishing Group isthe largest and the most authoritative foreign language publishing anddistribution establishment, its predecessor being the International PressBureau of the Central Peoples Government Press and Publication Administration./Adheri

37、ng to the publishing philosophy of “assisting Chinas march to the worldand facilitating worlds understanding of China”, the Group commits itselfentirely to promoting foreign language education and research in China and advancingcultural exchanges between China and foreign countries./ In order to bui

38、ld upa strong team of publishing staff, as well as to meet the growing need of more technicallydemanding business, the Group makes it a rule that young staff be selected andsent to noted universities and research institutions, both domestic and overseas,for further studies./ As is clearly spelled ou

39、t in our new development strategy,we will go beyond our national boundaries and wedge ourselves into the worldcirculation market, aiming at the international readership. Our initial effortshave been very rewarding./13、改革開放30年來，隨著中國逐漸崛起成為政治經(jīng)濟強國，海外人士學(xué)習(xí)漢語的現(xiàn)象與日俱增，海外孔子學(xué)院也成了人們學(xué)習(xí)中國語言和中國文化的首選之地。/通過學(xué)習(xí)漢語，他們對這

40、個和自己文化大相徑庭的古老文明產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣，而且有機會了解中國的哲學(xué)、藝術(shù)、醫(yī)學(xué)、飲食文化，親身體驗這個文明古國的風(fēng)采。/作為第二文化，中國文化也豐富了他們的生活和世界觀。可以說，這個潮流方興未艾。越來越多的學(xué)習(xí)漢語的美國人除了對中國菜肴贊不絕口之外，也在嘗試針灸，草藥和武術(shù)。/他們也看功夫電影，學(xué)習(xí)東方時裝潮流和手工藝，不知不覺的在日常生活中談及中國的點心，人參、銀杏，烏龍茶等。目前在美國最熱門的中國文化是道家學(xué)說和有著神秘色彩的風(fēng)水學(xué)。As China is rising as a political andeconomic world power, thanks to its thr

41、ee-decade reform and opening up, moreand more people in overseas countries start to learn Chinese and turn to aConfucius Institute in their own countries as their first choice learningChinese language and Chinese culture./ During the learning process, thelearners concurrently develop their interest

42、in this ancient land, whose civilizationis so vastly different from theirs. And the learners have opportunities tolearn about Chinese philosophy, art, architecture, medicine and cateringculture and experience first-hand the splendors of this venerablecivilization./ As the second culture, Chinese cul

43、ture has enriched the lifeand world outlook of the learners. This trend, so to speak, is gathering momentumand is there to stay. Apart from their love for Chinese cuisine, more and moreAmerican learners of Chinese language are turning to Chinese acupuncture ,herbal medicines, martial arts./ They are

44、 also interested in kongfu films,fashions and crafts. Seemingly outlandish words such as dim sum, ginseng,gingko, oolong cha have crept into their everyday language. The latest Chinesecultural icons to make its impact there are Taoism, and ancient school ofthought, and fengshui, an ancient art of pl

45、acement./14、上海菜系是中國最年輕的地方菜系，通常被成為“本幫菜”，有著400多年的歷史。同中國其他菜系一樣，“本幫菜”具有“色，香，味”三大要素。/上海菜的特點是注重調(diào)料的使用，食物的質(zhì)地和菜的原汁原味。其中最著名的有特色點心“南翔小籠”和特色菜“松鼠鮭魚”。/“南翔小籠”是豬肉餡，個小味美，皮薄汁醇?！八墒篚q魚”色澤黃亮，形如松鼠，外皮脆而內(nèi)肉嫩，湯汁酸甜適口。/在品嘗過“松鼠鮭魚”之后，我們常常驚訝于“松鼠”的形狀，覺得在三大評價標準上在添加“形”這個標準才更合適。/Shanghaicuisine , usually called Benbang cuisine, is the

46、 youngest among themajor regional cuisines in China,with a history of more than 400 years. Like all other Chinese regional cuisines,Benbang cuisines takes “color, aroma and taste” as its essential qualityelements./Shanghai cuisine emphasizes in particular the expert use ofseasonings, the selection o

47、f raw materials with quality texture, and originalflavors. Shanghaicuisine is famous for a special snack known as Nanxiang Steamed Meat Dumplingsand a special dish called “Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish”./Nanxiang SteamedMeat Dumplings are small in size, with thin and translucent wrappers, filledinsi

48、de with ground pork and rich tasty soup. Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish isyellow-colored and squirrel-shaped, with a crispy skin and tender meat, allcovered with a sweet and sour source./After tasting Squirrel-Shaped MandarinFish, we are always amazed by the squirrel shape and think that it is moreap

49、propriate to plus“appearance” as the fourth element.15、美國人強調(diào)效率、競爭和獨創(chuàng)性，而中國人則將嚴謹規(guī)劃放在首位，鼓勵團隊成員之間的密切合作和無私奉獻。/在美國學(xué)校，討論享有至高無上的地位，討論是課堂教學(xué)的主旋律；而中國教師喜歡講課，喜歡考試，編寫千篇一律的標準教案，培養(yǎng)整齊劃一的高材生。/美國人的政治觀，經(jīng)濟觀以及社會觀的核心是個人道德自治觀。中國傳統(tǒng)的思想體系是以儒家學(xué)說為基礎(chǔ)的，這種思想強調(diào)整體和諧。/現(xiàn)在，中美聯(lián)系比以往更加緊密，中國人學(xué)英語，玩保齡球，吃肯德基，美國人學(xué)漢語，練功夫，吃北京烤鴨，泰坦尼克駛進中國，牡丹亭也在百老匯

50、上演。/American people emphasize efficiency,competition and originality while Chinese people give priority to carefulplanning and encourage close cooperation and altruistic dedication among teammembers./In American schools, discussion is given top priority while Chineseteachers like to lecture in class

51、,and a lot of them are obsessed withexaminations. They write consistent and standardized teaching plans, and arehappy with bringing up identical and standardized talents./Central to Americanpolitical, economic and social thought is the concept of individual moralautonomy. Traditional Chinese philoso

52、phical systems are based on Confucianism,which sings high praises for communal harmony./Nowadays, the relation of China and America become closer than ever. Chineselearn English, play bowling, enjoy KFC, while Americans learn Chinese, exerciseKung Fu, like Peking Duck. And Titanic sailed into China,

53、 while The Peony Pavilion hasbeen performed on Broadway./16、武術(shù)在我國源遠流長，是中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化的瑰寶。我們知道，一個民族的優(yōu)秀文化遺產(chǎn)，不僅僅屬于一個民族，它會逐漸傳播到世界而成為人類的共同財富。/為了更好的推廣武術(shù)運動，使其與奧運項目接軌，中國武協(xié)和國際武聯(lián)做了大量的艱苦卓絕的工作?，F(xiàn)在武術(shù)運動已被列為一種具有與保齡球運動和國際標準舞同等地位的奧運表演項目。/武術(shù)的蓬勃發(fā)展，除得益于其項目本身的吸引力之外，早期移居海外的一代武術(shù)大師功不可沒。/老一代武術(shù)家在海外播種下了武術(shù)的種子，使武術(shù)這門既可以自衛(wèi)又可以健身的運動很快就在新的

54、土地上扎下了根。今天高超的武術(shù)大師已遍布世界各地，武術(shù)愛好者也與日俱增。/Wushu, or Chinese martial art, can betraced back to ancient times. It is a gem of Chinese traditional culture. As weall know, the fine culture of a nation doesn t belong to the nation alone andit will be spread to the rest of the world and shared by all humanity.

55、/ TheChinese Wushu Association and International Wushu Federation (IWUF) have beenworking very hard to popularize wushu and make the Chinese martial art closerto the Olympic Movement. Wushu was accepted to join bowling and internationalstandard dance as an Olympic demonstration event./ The booming o

56、f wushu isattributed not only to the attractiveness of the sport but also to emigrantChinese wushu masters over the years./ Martial artists of the older generationshave sown wushu seeds in foreign countries. Weshu, which can be used as selfdefense and can keep practitioners fit and strong, soom beca

57、me popular on newlands. Today sperb wushu masters are active all over the world, and amateursare on the increase with each passing day.17、香港中文大學(xué)，簡稱“中大”，成立于1963年。中大是一所研究型綜合大學(xué)，以“結(jié)合傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代，融匯中國與西方”為創(chuàng)校使命。/40多年來，中大一直致力于弘揚中華傳統(tǒng)文化，堅持雙語教育，并推行獨特的書院制度，在香港教育界卓然而立。中大校園占地134公頃，是世界上最美麗的校園之一。/中大的師生來自世界各地。有教職員工5200多人，

58、近萬名本科生、約2000多名研究生，其中約2500多人來自45個不同的國家和地區(qū)。/中大實行靈活的學(xué)分制，不僅有助于培養(yǎng)有專有博的人才，而且還賦予學(xué)生更大的學(xué)習(xí)自主權(quán)。中大的多元教育有助于充分發(fā)揮每一個學(xué)生的潛能。/The ChineseUniversity of Hong Kong, CUHK for short, was founded in 1963. It is aresearch-oriented comprehensive university with a mission to combine traditionwith modernity and bring together

59、China and the West./For more than40 years, we have been distinguished from other local universities by virtue ofour rich Chinese cultural heritage, bilingual education, and our unique collegesystem. 134-hectare campus is one of the most beautiful campuses in the world./CUHKs faculty and students come fromall corners of the world. It has more than 5200 staff memb