15-1唐軍-自考-英語(yǔ)二-精-第12講美工版2013 8 30 - 副本 2

1、Giving pocket money on a daily basis places responsibilities of budgeting on the parents，instead of the childThe child may spend every single cent of the daily pocket money byoverindulging in junk food，as they know they will get anothersum of money the next day. This results in children being short-

2、sighted in their spending. The thought of saving money nevercrossed their minds. They may develop the mentality thatmoney is meant to be spent. Others spend more than they are givenThey borrow from their siblings or their classmates when they feel like indulging themselves. Then they may ask for mon

3、ey to pay off their debts. This habit of borrowing causes them to depend on others to solve their problems. Insuch instances，the purpose of rationing is defeatedText ATeaching Children to Spend Money Wisely12principle n觀念；(行動(dòng)、思想的)理由，信條We adhere to the principle that everyoneshould be treated fairly我

4、們堅(jiān)持人人都應(yīng)該被平等對(duì)待這一原則。It is easier to fight for ones principle than tolive up to them為自己的主義實(shí)踐更容易。，要比他們付諸長(zhǎng)沙二三三網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技有限公司版權(quán)所有Text ATeaching Children to Spend Money Wisely【近義詞辨析】principle，doctrine這兩個(gè)名詞均含有“信條， 準(zhǔn)則”之意。principle指一切黨派、學(xué)科的基本原則和準(zhǔn)則。doctrine指定，不能更改。【常用搭配】的教義、宗旨等，由所決moral_principle道德準(zhǔn)則Three Principles

5、 of People三義長(zhǎng)沙二三三網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技有限公司版權(quán)所有Text ATeaching Children to Spend Money Wisely13differentiate 區(qū)分；區(qū)別；辨別Can you differentiate one variety from the other?你能將這兩個(gè)品種區(qū)別開來(lái)嗎?I cannot differentiatebetween these two things我無(wú)法區(qū)別這兩個(gè)東西。長(zhǎng)沙二三三網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技有限公司版權(quán)所有Text ATeaching Children to Spend Money Wisely【近義詞辨析】differentiate

6、，demarcate，discriminate， distinguish這些動(dòng)詞均含有“區(qū)分”之意。distinguish用于有聯(lián)系的各種事物，可以相像，也可以不相像。differentiate用于同類物品。discriminate用于只有細(xì)微差別的事物，如真?zhèn)吴n票。demarcate用于區(qū)別明顯的事物。長(zhǎng)沙二三三網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技有限公司版權(quán)所有Text ATeaching Children to Spend Money Wisely【常用搭配】differentiate betweenand區(qū)分兩者differentiatefrom將與區(qū)分開differentiate into區(qū)分為哪些種類長(zhǎng)沙二三

7、三網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技有限公司版權(quán)所有Text ATeaching Children to Spend Money Wisely14inculcate v. 反復(fù)灌輸；諄諄教誨These schools inculcate wisdom and virtue這些學(xué)校在智慧和美德方面誨人不倦。They inculcate all their children with the will tosucceed他們向子女反復(fù)灌輸立志成功的決心。長(zhǎng)沙二三三網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技有限公司版權(quán)所有Text ATeaching Children to Spend Money Wisely15resistv忍??；抵擋I can neve

8、r resist an ice cream我一見到冰淇淋就忍不住想吃。The nobility usually resist socialchanges通常反對(duì)。長(zhǎng)沙二三三網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技有限公司版權(quán)所有Text ATeaching Children to Spend Money Wisely【近義詞辨析】oppose，defy，withstand，resist這些動(dòng)詞均含有“反抗，抵抗”之意。oppose普通用詞，可表示不同程度的抵抗。defy指公開地、勇敢地反對(duì)或抵抗，有時(shí)含公然挑釁之意。withstand較正式用詞，指堅(jiān)強(qiáng)地抵抗攻擊或壓力，有時(shí)也指抗拒影響或吸引力。resist指積極地反抗一種攻

9、擊、暴力或誘惑。長(zhǎng)沙二三三網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技有限公司版權(quán)所有Text ATeaching Children to Spend Money Wisely16temptation n引誘；誘惑She yielded to temptation and had anotherchocolate她禁不住誘惑又吃了一塊巧克力。Shefell an easy victim to his temptation她經(jīng)不起他的誘惑，輕易地被騙了?！境Ｓ么钆洹縡aceresistovercome temptation面對(duì)抵抗克服誘惑fall into the temptation受到誘惑長(zhǎng)沙二三三網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技有限公司版權(quán)所有Te

10、xt ATeaching Children to Spend Money Wisely17scheme n計(jì)劃；方案；體系；體制I rather doubt if such an ambitious schemecould be made a Success我真懷疑這樣一個(gè)雄心勃勃的計(jì)劃是否會(huì)成功。The police have uncovered a scheme ofrobbery破獲了一起陰謀搶劫案。長(zhǎng)沙二三三網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技有限公司版權(quán)所有Text ATeaching Children to Spend Money Wisely【近義詞辨析】plan，design，plot，scheme，pr

11、ojeet， blueprint，program這些名詞均含有“計(jì)劃”之意。plan最普通用詞，多指事先經(jīng)過(guò)較充分的準(zhǔn)備或考慮后制定的計(jì)劃，也可指非決定性的打算或設(shè)想。design側(cè)重指按照目標(biāo)、目的意向，根據(jù)固定格式精心作出的計(jì)劃或安排。plot主要指為實(shí)現(xiàn)某一陰謀而擬定的計(jì)劃。長(zhǎng)沙二三三網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技有限公司版權(quán)所有Text ATeaching Children to Spend Money Wiselyscheme普通用詞，比plan更強(qiáng)調(diào)計(jì)劃的通盤籌劃和某些細(xì)節(jié)的精心安排。在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中，常用于指陰謀詭計(jì)。project多指由個(gè)人或集體為進(jìn)行某項(xiàng)工作或完成某一項(xiàng)較大的任務(wù)而制定的計(jì)劃方案或設(shè)想

12、。blueprint本義指藍(lán)圖，引申指詳細(xì)而具體的行動(dòng)計(jì)劃。program使用廣泛，既可指思想上的計(jì)劃，又可指任何形式的書面計(jì)劃或規(guī)劃。Text ATeaching Children to Spend Money Wisely【常用搭配】carry out a scheme實(shí)行計(jì)劃devise a scheme策劃一個(gè)方案mature scheme成熟的計(jì)劃traitorous scheme計(jì)長(zhǎng)沙二三三網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技有限公司版權(quán)所有Text ATeaching Children to Spend Money Wisely4. within ones means 量入為出Balancing accou

13、nts by always keeping expenditures within our means is an important principle we should follow in our economic work堅(jiān)持財(cái)政收支平衡和量人為出，是經(jīng)濟(jì)工作應(yīng)當(dāng)遵循的重要原則。5. standin good stead (需要時(shí))對(duì)某人有用，對(duì)某人有利Some work experience will stand you in good stead積累點(diǎn)工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)你有好處。Text BText ATeaching Children to Spend Money WiselyChild

14、ren need to learn how to budget theirmoneySome parents go by the learning bydoing” principle and give their children lump sumsat the beginning of the month，and by the thirdweek of the month their account is already dryText ATeaching Children to Spend Money WiselyOn the other hand，some learn to budge

15、t their pocket money very well and even have savings at the end of the monthThey do not borrow money unnecessarilyIn other wordsthey learn to spend within their meansThe key to doing this is to differentiate between needs and wantsBuy the necessary first，and indulge ourselves only if there is money

16、leftThis habit，when inculcated since young， stands them in good stead when they start working and earning their own moneyIt enables them to resist thetemptation of buy now and pay later “schemesText ATeaching Children to Spend Money Wisely18formation n組成；形成school life has a great influence on thefor

17、mation of a childs character學(xué)校生活對(duì)小孩個(gè)性的形成有很大影響。New word formations dont haveregularity新詞的構(gòu)成沒(méi)有規(guī)律。長(zhǎng)沙二三三網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技有限公司版權(quán)所有Text ATeaching Children to Spend Money Wisely【近義詞辨析】formation，component，constituent， element，ingredient這些名詞均含有“組成，成分，部分”之意。formation指由積累、組織和發(fā)展而形成、構(gòu)成。component指一個(gè)整體的組成部分。constituent?？膳ccompo

18、nent換用，指某一整體不可缺少的部分或成分。長(zhǎng)沙二三三網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技有限公司版權(quán)所有Text ATeaching Children to Spend Money Wiselyelement指一個(gè)整體必不可少或固有的部分，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)復(fù)雜整體中最基本、最簡(jiǎn)單的元件、元素或成分等。ingredient普通用詞，含義籠統(tǒng)，既可指混在一起而本身沒(méi)有變化的物質(zhì)，如配料，又可指與別的物質(zhì)混在一起，發(fā)生了變化的成分。長(zhǎng)沙二三三網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技有限公司版權(quán)所有Text ATeaching Children to Spend Money Wisely19monthly adj按月結(jié)算的；有效期為一個(gè)月的。His boss to

19、ld him to be present at the monthlymeeting他的老板要求他參加月會(huì)。This old lady is now enjoying a monthly pay這位老婦人現(xiàn)在享受的薪資是按月結(jié)算的。長(zhǎng)沙二三三網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技有限公司版權(quán)所有Text ATeaching Children to Spend Money WiselyFormation of any habit starts at a tender ageThere is no better way to teach children to managemoney than to start with th

20、eir pocket moneyTheyneed to learn the importance of budgeting rightfrom kindergarten daysIt is a good idea to startwith daily pocket money and move on to monthlypocket moneyWhen children learn to spendwithin their means，they are able to manage theirfinances well later in their livesExercisesSection

21、ABuilding Your VocabularyDirections：Complete each of the following sentences withthe correct choice of the words given in the brackets1It is improper to between pupils according totheir family background.(different，differentiate)2He had been a strict father but was to hisgrandchildren. (indulge，indu

22、lgent)3We anticipate that we will meet a certain amount of to our plan. (resist, resistance)ExercisesBuilding Your Vocabulary4Established musicians have a to guide andassist young musicians. (responsibility, responsible) 5This article has analyzed the of crimepsychology theoretically. (formation，for

23、m)6Itsvery foolish of the commander to exposehis men to risks. (unnecessary,necessary)ExercisesSection BBuilding Your VocabularyDirections: Fill in the blanks with the words givenbelow. Change the form where necessary,constraint temptationbudget schemementality allocateprinciple monthly1. That will

24、place a strong on job growth in those cyclical sectors2. They lack the power to raise funds or to spending3. The first here is to develop production andensure supplyExercisesBuilding Your Vocabularyconstraint temptationbudget schemementality allocateprinciple monthly4. It turns out that the is good

25、both in theoryand in practice5. The team leader must provide reports onall the groups activities and expenditures6. If you are asked what you would do in a certain situation，resist the to answer beforeyouve asked some questions of your ownExercisesSection CBuilding Your VocabularyDirections: Complet

26、e each of the followingsentences with a properword.1Attendance at the meeting was small，due partly the absence of teachers 2His health suffered from over- indulgence rich food and drink3Kids should form the habit of saving money a regular basisExercisesSection CBuilding Your VocabularyDirections: Complete each of the followin