現(xiàn)代木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑施工及優(yōu)勢(shì)

1、,Modern Wood Frame Construction Process and Advantages,現(xiàn)代木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑施工及優(yōu)勢(shì),概要 Outline 加拿大木業(yè)介紹Intro to Canada Wood 木結(jié)構(gòu)房屋簡(jiǎn)介Intro to wood frame 木結(jié)構(gòu)房屋施工過(guò)程WF Process 木結(jié)構(gòu)房屋優(yōu)勢(shì)Advantages 項(xiàng)目Projects in China,Steve Ross, Deputy Director, Training and Quality Services,全球：擴(kuò)大出口市場(chǎng)Globally: Grow export markets 中國(guó)：開(kāi)發(fā)適合中國(guó)國(guó)

2、情的木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑解決方案 China: Develop wood solutions for Chinas construction challenges,使命Mandate,資金來(lái)源Funding,Resources provided by: 由下述單位提供資金來(lái)源： 1.加拿大政府-加拿大木材出口項(xiàng)目 The Government of Canada: NRCan Canada Wood Export Program 2.卑詩(shī)省-林創(chuàng)投資有限公司 The Province of British Columbia Forestry Innovation Investment 3.加拿大林產(chǎn)工業(yè)

3、協(xié)會(huì)Forest industry associations,組織架構(gòu)Organizational Structure,Based on the “Team Canada” approach to export development 團(tuán)結(jié)加拿大林產(chǎn)業(yè)協(xié)力推動(dòng)發(fā)展中加木材進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易 Representing Canadas Forest Industry 代表加拿大林產(chǎn)工業(yè)界 Federation of Associations 行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)聯(lián)合體 Not for profit 非盈利性,Canadas largest forest products companies 集中了加拿大最具規(guī)模的林產(chǎn)

4、品公司,開(kāi)拓新市場(chǎng)Developing New Markets,Research 調(diào)研,Commercial Support 商業(yè)支持,Training 培訓(xùn)課程,Demonstration Projects 示范項(xiàng)目,Government Relations 政府關(guān)系,8,Strategy,戰(zhàn)略,尼泊爾Taleju廟 1667年 Taleju Temple, Nepal - 1667,木框架建筑的歷史 History of Wood Construction,臺(tái)灣龍山寺 1740年 Lung Shan Temple, Taiwan - 1740,木框架建筑的歷史 History of Woo

5、d Construction,木框架建筑的歷史 History of Wood Construction,中國(guó)豫園 1559年 Yu Yuan, China - 1559,美國(guó)Fairbank別墅, 1636年 Fairbank House, USA - 1636,美國(guó)Parlange Plantation 別墅, 1750年 Parlange Plantation House, USA - 1750,木框架建筑的歷史 History of Wood Construction,木材可以建造民居WOOD as a building material - Residential,介紹,木材可以用于

6、平改坡屋頂改造WOOD as a building material - Wood Truss Roofing,平改坡, 同時(shí)適用于舊房改造和新房建造 Ideal for renovating older apartment buildings. 造價(jià)低、工期短、更節(jié)能 Cost effective, fast, and improves energy efficiency.,木材可以用于樓板和隔斷墻體WOOD as a building material - Infill Floors and walls,成本低 Cost advantage 容易安裝 Installs easily in

7、concrete 舒適的居住環(huán)境 Comfortable living surface Low carbon,隔樓,木材可以用于建筑商業(yè)及公共建筑 WOOD as a building material - commercial and public buildings,介紹,木結(jié)構(gòu)房屋施工過(guò)程,WFC Process,木框架房屋一般支承在混凝土基礎(chǔ)上。Wood-frame houses are commonly supported on concrete foundations.,施工過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)介WFC Process,施工過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)介WFC process,基木板放置在基木托上，固定到混凝土基礎(chǔ)，

8、并且用錨栓將木框架結(jié)構(gòu)牢固地與基礎(chǔ)連接。Sill plates are placed over a sill gasket and attached to the concrete foundation with anchor bolts to securely fasten the wood-frame structure to the foundation.,基木托,基木板,錨栓,施工過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)介WFC process,然后建造室外和室內(nèi)墻體，提升就位并臨時(shí)固定。Exterior and interior walls are then constructed, raised into posi

9、tion, and temporarily secured.,施工過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)介WFC process,結(jié)構(gòu)樓板框架構(gòu)件通常是定型木或工程木制品。Structural floor framing members are usually dimension lumber or engineered wood products.,施工過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)介WFC process,樓板基層通常是板材產(chǎn)品，如膠合板或 定向刨花板，與樓板擱柵牢固連接。Sub-floors are usually panel products such as plywood or OSB, and are securely fastened

10、 to the floor joists.,施工過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)介WFC process,一旦所有墻體建好并臨時(shí)支撐后，放置屋頂桁架并固定就位。 Once all the walls have been built and temporarily braced, the roof trusses are placed and secured into position.,施工過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)介WFC process,施工過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)介WFC process,一旦裝好屋頂覆面板，可以應(yīng)用最終的屋頂覆面。Once the roof is sheathed, a final roof covering can be appl

11、ied.,施工過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)介WFC process,屋頂材料Roof - Materials,木制屋面wood shingles 瀝青屋面板asphalt shingles 混凝土粘土瓦concrete / clay tile 金屬屋頂metal roofing,給排水、采暖通風(fēng)空調(diào)、電氣和其它機(jī)械系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始安裝。 The installation of the plumbing, HVAC, electrical, and other mechanical systems is now started.,施工過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)介WFC process,給排水、采暖通風(fēng)空調(diào)、電氣和其它機(jī)械系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始安裝。

12、The installation of the plumbing, HVAC, electrical, and other mechanical systems is now started.,施工過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)介WFC process,現(xiàn)在安裝窗戶(hù)，室外覆以覆面板層。Windows are now installed and the exterior covered with a sheathing membrane.,施工過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)介WFC process,Weather barrier is applied to protect the building from rain water 呼吸紙用于保

13、護(hù)建筑物免于雨水侵害,施工過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)介WFC process,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行外部裝修。Exterior finishes are now applied.,施工過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)介WFC process,在寒冷的氣候，保溫材料與蒸汽隔層一起安裝。Insulation is installed, along with a vapour barrier in cold climates.,施工過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)介WFC process,在框架構(gòu)件內(nèi)鋪設(shè)石膏板，然后加以飾面。Gypsum board is then applied to the interior of the framing members and finished

14、.,施工過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)介WFC process,現(xiàn)在安裝室內(nèi)飾面。Interior finishes are now installed.,施工過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)介WFC process,外部及內(nèi)部裝修完成，房屋可供居住。Both the exterior and interior finishes are completed and the building is ready for occupancy.,施工過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)介WFC process,木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑的優(yōu)勢(shì) Benefits of the Wood Frame System,節(jié)能 Energy Efficiency,低碳Low carbon,可持續(xù)性 Sust

15、ainability,地震表現(xiàn) Seismic Performance,優(yōu)勢(shì),木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑的優(yōu)勢(shì)-低碳 Advantages of WFCLow Carbon,Photosynthesis光合作用,中國(guó)人均年消耗水泥1000kg，是世界平均水平的4倍。如果20%水泥用木材制品代替，每年就可減排二氧化碳1.2億噸。 Mean consumption of Cement in China one person one year reach to 1000 kg, 4 times of world average level, if we instead 20% cement with lumbers

16、, which will decrease CO2 0.12 billion tons each year,木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑的優(yōu)勢(shì)Advantages of WFCLow carbon,The cement used one year per person(kg),Raised Floor Home New Orleans新奧爾良-活動(dòng)地板房,減少內(nèi)含能量和資源消耗Reduces embodied energy and resource depletion 木材是唯一可以更新的主要建筑材料Wood is the only major building material that is renewab

17、le 新的制造技術(shù)使樹(shù)木的每一部份都充分利用，所以不浪費(fèi)任何東西 New manufacturing technology allows every part of the tree to be used so that nothing is wasted,木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑的優(yōu)勢(shì) 可持續(xù)性Advantages of Wood-Frame Construction - Sustainability,因?yàn)槟静牡姆涓C狀構(gòu)造 - 使它成為一個(gè)比鋼材好400倍的良好的隔熱體。Wood is a good insulator because of its cellular structure 400 times

18、 better than steel. 木框架結(jié)構(gòu)易于達(dá)到高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的保溫要求。Wood-frame construction is easy to insulate to high standards.,木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑的優(yōu)勢(shì)-節(jié)約能源Advantages of Wood-Frame Construction Energy Efficient,用于木框架結(jié)構(gòu)的釘接連接件一般在消耗地震能量方面是有效的。 The nail connections typically used in wood-frame construction are effective in dissipating the energ

19、y of an earthquake.,木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑的優(yōu)勢(shì)-耐久Advantages of Wood-Frame Construction Durability,木材本身強(qiáng)韌且質(zhì)輕 亦即地震時(shí)較少的質(zhì)量具有作用於建築物上的力也較低的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。 Wood is strong and lightweight less mass is an advantage because it means lower forces are exerted on a building in an earthquake.,1995年日本神戶(hù)地震導(dǎo)致了一千億美圓的損失。使用北美木框架結(jié)構(gòu)方法符合現(xiàn)代標(biāo)準(zhǔn)建造的房屋實(shí)際上未受

20、影響。The 1995 Kobe, Japan earthquake caused $100 billion in damage. Houses built to modern standards using North American wood-frame construction methods were virtually unaffected.,木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑的優(yōu)勢(shì)-耐久Advantages of Wood-Frame Construction Durability,SEISMIC TESTING 抗震測(cè)試,Extensive testing worldwide of wood light-frame systems of all sizes both in the lab and in real life shows impressive seismic performance. 世界各地在實(shí)驗(yàn)室及現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中對(duì)輕型木結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行抗震測(cè)試顯示木結(jié)構(gòu)抗震性能良好. This photo, taken at a research lab in Japan in 2008, is from a test of a 6-sto