2014年自考英語(二)資料(-unit-9)

1、Unit 9 Facing Lifes Challenges I. New words and expressionsNew words1. hurdle n. hurdles pl.跨欄賽；欄架，跨欄；難關(guān)，障礙2. negative n. 否定詞；否定；拒絕 adj. 壞的；有害的3. despair v. 絕望；失去希望；喪失信心4. petty adj. 小的：瑣碎的；次要的5. individual adj. 一個(gè)人的；供一個(gè)人用的6. lane n. （比賽的）跑道，泳道7. spot n. 地點(diǎn)；場所；處所8. symbolize v. 象征；是的象征；代表symbol-ize常

2、用的動(dòng)詞后綴：modernize, globalize, economize9. incredibly adv. 極端地；極其credible 可靠的，可信的credibly變副詞時(shí)需省略-e的形容詞有simple, true, credible, believablesimply, truly, (in)credibly, (un)believably10. positive adj. 良好的；正面的11. tough adj. 艱苦的；艱難的；棘手的12. arise v. 發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生；出現(xiàn)arise from sth.區(qū)分：arouse / arisearouse ones anger

3、/ respect / sympathy13. lost adj. 不知所措的；一籌莫展的14. leap v. 跳躍15. yard n. 碼16. inch n. 英寸17. cinch n. 很容易的事；小萊Phrases and Expressions1. line up 排成一行；站隊(duì)；排隊(duì)（等侯）2. end up 最終成為；最后處于end up (in) doing sth. end up begging / being arrestedend up as a beggar / prisoner / millionaireend up in prison / debts3. ke

4、ep up with （與）齊步前進(jìn)；并駕齊驅(qū)；跟上4. pace oneself 調(diào)整自己的工作（或活動(dòng)）節(jié)奏5. fit in （與）合得來；適應(yīng)6. get over 解決；克服；控制7. wear out 使疲乏；使筋疲力盡；使厭煩8. with ease 輕而易舉地9. make it 獲得成功10. fall over 被絆倒；幾乎被絆倒11. get lost 不知所措；一籌莫展12. look back on 回首(往事)；回憶；回顧13. inch by inch 緩慢而謹(jǐn)慎地；一步一步14. at a time 每次；逐一；依次II. Text Learning300 Hu

5、rdles Life may give you a negative, but dont despair - it may just develop into a beautiful picture one day. This year, I realized my theory that I have on life. Life is like a 300m hurdle race. Since I run the 300m hurdles, I would know what the race is like. The first thing to any race is worrying

6、 about whether you are going to win or not. This relates to worrying about the petty things in life. Does it really matter if you win? Is it really going to be the end of the world? Or will you be upset if you lose and then forget about it? (1)In life we worry too much and live in the moment too lit

7、tle. （承上總結(jié)句） (2)Next is the lining up in our own individual lanes. We each start at different spots, but the race is still the same distance for everyone.（承上啟下句） (3)This relates to our lives taking us to different places and putting us in different situations, but hopefully we will end up in the sam

8、e place, but maybe at different times. Now comes the beginning of the race. We all try to keep up with everyone and pace ourselves with other people. (4)This symbolizes that at times in everyones lives we worry, about fitting in or being the same as other people, instead of worrying about being uniq

9、ue. If everyone were the same, the world would be incredibly boring.本部分重點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn)：1. In life we worry too much and live in the moment too little.生活中，我們擔(dān)心得太多，而活在當(dāng)下太少。2. Next is the lining up in our own individual lanes.接下來的一步就是在我們自己的跑道站好，也就是各就各位。3. This relates to our lives taking us to different places a

10、nd putting us in different situations, but hopefully we will end up in the same place, but maybe at different times.(1) relate to 涉及，有關(guān)(2) taking us to different places和putting us in different situations的邏輯主語都是our lives，作relate to的賓語。(3) end up in the same place 在同一個(gè)地方結(jié)束，即有同樣的結(jié)局end up in prison / in

11、 debtsend up beggingend up as a beggar / prisoner4. This symbolizes that at times in everyones lives we worry, about fitting in or being the same as other people, instead of worrying about being unique.(1) at times: sometimes(2) fit in:合得來，適應(yīng)(3) instead of: rather than Now comes the first hurdle. Th

12、is hurdle is the easiest to get over because you are notworn out from running. We all make it over this hurdle with ease. This symbolizes those obstacles in life that we struggle to get over, but we always manage to do so. You can look at that hurdle in two ways: I cant make it over, Im too tired or

13、 I am one more hurdle closer to finishing this race. This is an example of taking a negative situation and seeing something positive in it.（承上句） The next part of the race is every hurdle between the first and last one. （主題句）These hurdles get tougher and tougher and you may feel as though you cant go

14、 on. This happens a lot in life too.（承上啟下句）There may be a situation that arises where you feel as though you cant make it and all you can think about is giving up. You may fall over that hurdle or struggle getting over it, but somehow you find it in yourself to jump over it and move on with the race

15、. Next is that last 100m of the race. You feel as though you just want to say, No I cant do this. (5)Again, you must find it in yourself that you can do it, and you must finish the race stronger than when you had started it.本部分重點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn)：5. Again, you must find it in yourself that you can do it, and you

16、must finish the race stronger than when you had started it.(1) find it in yourself that you can do it，it是形式賓語，真正的賓語是that從句。(2) you must finish the race stronger than，stronger是主語的補(bǔ)語，說明主語的狀態(tài)。例如：He died young / poor.名詞也可以作主語的補(bǔ)語，說明主語的狀態(tài)。例如：He died a beggar.She came from her marriage a stronger person. N

17、ow lastly is the last hurdle. This hurdle is the toughest out of all of them. (6)In life we find ourselves falling and falling, and maybe getting too lost in our problems that we feel like we have been through enough and theres no hope. That last hurdle symbolizes these situations.（承上句）Its one step

18、close to the end of the race. Once you finish, you look back on it and you realize that you made it not by leaping, butstep by step. (7) Yard by yard, life is very hard. But inch by inch, life can be a cinch. 本部分重點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn)：6. In life we find ourselves falling and falling, and maybe getting too lost in ou

19、r problems that we feel like we have been through enough and theres no hope.生活中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不斷跌倒，為種種問題所困擾，感覺自己歷經(jīng)重重磨難，仍然看不到希望。(1) find oneself falling and falling，現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。（可參考Unit 7, Text A）再如：When he came to, he found himself lying in hospital.He found himself surrounded by several boys.(2) be through 經(jīng)過，

20、歷經(jīng)；完成，結(jié)束（可參考Unit 5, Text B）7. Yard by yard, life is very hard. But inch by inch, life can be a cinch.一碼一碼地，生活很困難。但是一英寸一英寸地來，生活只是小菜一碟。即生活中我們要一步一個(gè)腳印，循序漸進(jìn)。（注：1 yard=0.9144 meter, 1 inch=2.54 centimeters） (8)All it takes is one step at a time, one hurdle at a time. 本部分重點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn)：8. All it takes is one step a

21、t a time, one hurdle at a time.(1) all=all that=what(2) at a time: separately一次，依次，每次Take the pills two at a time.區(qū)分：at one time: formerly一度，從前At one time I used to go skiing every winter.請認(rèn)真答題，答題結(jié)果將記入知識點(diǎn)測評的成績！【單選題】19. Shenzhen was a small village _.A a timeB one timeC at a timeD at one time【答案】D【解析

22、】本題考查at one time和at a time的區(qū)別。at one time意為曾經(jīng)，一度，at a time意為一次，每次，故選D。本句的意思是深圳曾經(jīng)是個(gè)小漁村?！局R點(diǎn)】at one time和at a time的區(qū)別III. 部分練習(xí)講解P256 Bridging the GapDirections: Fill in the blanks with a word or a phrase that best completes the passage. You may choose a suitable one from the list given.解題方法：把詞分類動(dòng)詞 名詞

23、形容詞副詞 介詞 連詞mark mark confused intentionally as opposed to even ifconfused potential likelyknown potentialcalled upon naturalGifts are those talents and abilities that flow almost effortlessly from us. Gifts are sometimes 1 confusedwith skills. While skills can be developed, gifts are something we ar

24、e born with - they are what we discover as we try new things and find that some things are as2 naturalto us as breathing.When we 3 intentionallymake a decision to create our life and work based on our gifts, were not only more 4 likelyto succeed, but can also more thoroughly enjoy the journey toward

25、 creating and realizing our full 5 potential .Take inventory of（評估） your life to determine where you are utilizing learned and developed skills 6 as opposed toexpressing and honoring your innate（與生俱來的）gifts. Are you operating based on what you think you ought to be doing or are you living an authent

26、ic life that is rich and fulfilling?7 Even ifyou are not in a place to pursue a new career based on your gifts, look for ways to make your gifts 8 known to others and demonstrate them in as many areas of your life as possible. The more your gifts are 9 called upon, the more naturally you will fully

27、accept and promote those gifts. The more you express your life through your innate gifts, the more you will excel. Its a beautifully self-perpetuating（能使自身永久存在的）process once you make the decision to begin.Your gifts are your signature, your unique paintbrushes - use them to express your greatness an

28、d make your greatness and make your 10 markon the world!I. New words and expressionsNew words1. stricken adj. 受煎熬的；患病的；遭受挫折的panic / grief / conscience / poverty-stricken2. polio n. 小兒麻痹癥3. brace n. 雙腳規(guī)形夾4. aid n. （某工作所需的）幫助，助手，輔助物5. crutch n. 腿腳受傷病人用的）腋杖6. awesome adj. 令人驚嘆的；令人畏懼的7. majestically adv

29、. 威嚴(yán)地；壯麗地8. undo v. 打開；解開；拆開unfold 展開，打開uncover 發(fā)現(xiàn)，揭示，揭開（蓋子）unload 卸貨unearth9. clasp n. （包、皮帶或首飾等的）搭扣，扣環(huán)10. tuck v. 把塞進(jìn)狹窄的空間；把藏入11. chin n. 下巴12. conductor n. 樂隊(duì)指揮conduct13. proceed v. 接著做；繼而做14. ritual n. 程序；儀規(guī)；禮節(jié)15. reverently adv. 恭敬地；虔誠地16. bar n. （音樂）小節(jié)17. snap v. (使)斷裂，繃斷18. figure v. 認(rèn)為，認(rèn)定（某事

30、將發(fā)生或?qū)賹?shí)）19. limp v. 瘸著走；跛行；蹣跚20. orchestra n. 管弦樂隊(duì)21. purity n. 純潔；純凈；純粹purepuritypurify-ify: beautify, simplify, classify22. symphonic adj. 交響樂的23. modulate v. 變調(diào)；轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)24. de-tune v. 使改變調(diào)子25. outburst n.（感情的）爆發(fā)，迸發(fā)burst out crying / laughing / singingburst into tears / laughter / angry words26. applause

31、 n. 鼓掌；喝彩applaud27. auditorium n. 禮堂；會堂28. appreciate v. 欣賞；賞識appreciateappreciative (of)29. brow n. 額頭30. bow n. 琴弓31. boastfully adv. 自吹自擂地；自夸地boastboast of / about (doing) sth.boaster自夸的人，吹牛者32. pensive adj. 沉思的；憂傷的33. reverent adj. 非常尊敬的；深表崇敬的34. sacred adj. 上帝的；神的；神圣的35. shaky adj. 不穩(wěn)固的；不牢靠；搖晃的

32、；不確切的36. bewildering adj. 令人困惑的；使人糊涂的Phrases and Expressions1. with the aid of 在的輔助下2. make ones way 去；前往；到地方去3. go off 突然發(fā)出巨響4. at one point 在某個(gè)時(shí)刻5. all of a sudden 突然；猛地II. Text LearningA Violin with Three Strings1 On Nov. 18, 1995, Itzhak Perlman, the violinist, came on stage to give a concert at

33、 Avery Fisher Hall at Lincoln Center in New York City.2 (1)If you have ever been to a Perlman concert, you know that getting on stage is no small achievement for him. He was stricken with polio as a child, and so he has braces on both legs and walks with the aid of two crutches. To see him walk acro

34、ss the stage one step at a time, painfully and slowly, is an awesome sight.3 He walks painfully, yet majestically, until he reaches his chair. Then he sits down, slowly, puts his crutches on the floor, undoes the clasps on his legs, tucks one foot back and extends the other foot forward. Then he ben

35、ds down and picks up the violin, puts it under his chin, nods to the conductor and proceeds to play.4 By now, the audience is used to this ritual. They sit quietly while he makes his way across the stage to his chair. They remain reverently silent while he undoes the clasps on his legs. They wait un

36、til he is ready to play.5 But this time, something went wrong. Just as he finished the first few bars, one of the strings on his violin broke. You could hear it snap - it went off like gunfire across the room. (2)There was no mistaking what that sound meant. There was no mistaking what he had to do.

37、6 We figured that he would have to get up, put on the clasps again, pick up the crutches and limp his way off stage - to either find another violin or else find another string for this one. But he didnt. Instead, he waited a moment, closed his eyes and then signaled the conductor to begin again.7 Th

38、e orchestra began, and he played from where he had left off. (3)And he played with such passion and such power and such purity as they had never heard before.本部分重點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn)：1. If you have ever been to a Perlman concert, you know that getting on stage is no small achievement for him.Hes no actor. / He is n

39、ot an actor.Youre no writer.no可修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，用法上相當(dāng)于not a / any，例如：He is no student. (not a)There are no classes on campus today. (not any)2. There was no mistaking what that sound meant. There was no mistaking what he had to do.There was no mistaking 不會弄錯(cuò)類似的結(jié)構(gòu)：There is no denying (the fact) that 3. A

40、nd he played with such passion and such power and such purity as they had never heard before.(1) suchasSuch a disaster as her car being stolen had never happened before. 像她的汽車被盜之類的禍?zhǔn)拢郧皬奈窗l(fā)生過。Such advice as he was given proved almost worthless. 給他提的那類建議簡直毫無價(jià)值。(2)本句譯文：他的演奏那么有激情，那么有力量，那么純粹，他們以前從來沒有聽到過。

41、8 Of course, anyone knows that it is impossible to play a symphonic work with just three strings. I know that, and you know that, but that night Itzhak Perlman refused to know that.（承上啟下句）You could see him modulating, changing, re-composing the piece in his head. At one point, it sounded like he was

42、 de-tuning（調(diào)試）the strings to get new sounds from them that they had never made before.9 When he finished, there was an awesome silence in the room. And then people rose and cheered. There was an extraordinary outburst of applause from every corner of the auditorium. (4)We were all on our feet, screa

43、ming and cheering, doing everything we could to show how much we appreciated what he had done. He smiled, wiped the sweat from his brow, raised his bow to quiet us, and then he said - not boastfully, but in a quiet, pensive, reverent tone -(5) You know, sometimes it is the artists task to find out h

44、ow much music you can still make with what you have left.本部分重點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn)：4. We were all on our feet, screaming and cheering, doing everything we could to show how much we appreciated what he had done.(1) on ones feet 站立(2) screaming, cheering, doing everything we could現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表示伴隨。(3) to show how much we a

45、ppreciated what he had done不定式作狀語，表示目的，修飾doing everything we could。(4) appreciateI will greatly appreciate your / you keeping it a secret.He helped me a lot. I really appreciate it.appreciative (of)appreciation(5) 譯文：我們都站起來，尖叫著，歡呼著，用盡一切方式來表達(dá)我們是多么欣賞帕爾曼所做的一切。5. You know, sometimes it is the artists task to find out how much music you can still make with what you have left. 你們知道，有時(shí)候，藝術(shù)家的任務(wù)就是要弄清楚用自己所剩的還能創(chuàng)造出多少音樂(1) I