英語口譯考試二階備考環(huán)境UNIT

1、Part one:1. 當(dāng)今世界，環(huán)境保護(hù)已經(jīng)成為各國政府和各界人士共同關(guān)心的問題。Nowadays, environmental protection has become an issue of common concern for government of all countries and people from all walks of life. 1) 共同關(guān)心的問題(an issue of common concern)= a shared concern= a common concern2）各界人士(people from all walks of life)=people

2、 of all circles2. 我國是一個發(fā)展中國家，目前正面臨著發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)和保護(hù)環(huán)境的雙重任務(wù)。As a developing nation, China is now confronted with the dual task of developing its economy and protecting its environment.面臨著 be confronted with 雙重任務(wù)：dual task = double task= two grand tasksat one time 3. 中國政府已經(jīng)把發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)列為實(shí)現(xiàn)環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的重大對策。The Chinese g

3、overnment has regarded the development of eco-agriculture as an important means to realize the coordinated development of the environment and the economy將列為：（regardas ）=adopt as = list.as 4. 在解決環(huán)境問題時，不僅要考慮各國的眼前利益，還要考慮全世界的長遠(yuǎn)利益。When working on the environmental problems, all countries should give cons

4、iderations not only to their immediate interests but the worlds long-term interest as well.解決（work on）=solve =tackle眼前利益（immediate interests）=當(dāng)前利益（present/current interests ）=暫時的利益（temporary interests）=short-term interest長遠(yuǎn)利益（long-term interest）=從長遠(yuǎn)來看（in the long run）5. 很顯然，沒有人與自然的和諧，連基本的社會穩(wěn)定都受到影響，更

5、不要說構(gòu)建和諧社會。Obviously, without the harmony between man and environment, the fundamental social stability would be threatened, not to mention the construction of a harmonious society.更不用說：not to mention=let alone6. 用更清潔的能源代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)的能源，我們能夠減緩和改善全球變暖和氣候變化造成的傷害。By replacing traditional energy sources with clea

6、ner energies, we can help to alleviate the harm of global warming and climate change.減緩的傷害（to alleviate the harm of）=to mitigate the harm of =減少傷害（diminish/reduce/minimize the harm of .）7. 我們應(yīng)該致力于普及環(huán)保知識，增強(qiáng)人們得環(huán)境意識，逐步形成良好的環(huán)境道德風(fēng)尚。We should strive to popularize the knowledge of environmental protection

7、among the people and raise their eco-consciousness so as to gradually cultivate favorable 普及（popularize）=宣傳（publicize）增強(qiáng)人們的環(huán)境意識（raise peoples awareness of environment）=raise peoples eco-consciousness=heighten /raise/enforce/enhance peoplesenvironmental ethics.8. 我們要盡力做到事先經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，社會效益，環(huán)境效益相統(tǒng)一。We need to

8、 make every effort to integrate economic, social and environmental benefits.environmental consciousness= awaken people to the consciousness of environmental protection環(huán)境道德風(fēng)尚(environmental ethics)=moral standards in environmental protection= codes of conduct in environmental protection實(shí)現(xiàn)相統(tǒng)一=（to integ

9、rate）=to incorporate= to combine9. There are clear signs that environmental scarcities could contribute to violent conflicts in many parts of the world.各種跡象清晰地表明，環(huán)境資源的缺乏可能是引發(fā)許多地區(qū)沖突的原因之一。Sign(跡象)=現(xiàn)象10. Conservation of ecosystems and the species within them would help to maintain the natural balances

10、disrupted by recent human activity.保護(hù)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，保護(hù)物種將有助于維持自然界的平衡，而這樣的平衡已經(jīng)為近年來的人類活動打破。 Part Two：11. 我國能源的特點(diǎn)是多煤，貧油，少氣，煤炭在我國一次能源生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)中一直占有主導(dǎo)地位。As for energy resources, China is known to be rich in coal, scarce in oil and gas. Oil tops all the other non-renewable energies in China in terms of its production a

11、nd consumption.占有主導(dǎo)地位(in the dominant position)=take a leading position=是其中最大的一項(xiàng)（is the remaining the largest items of all）=tops all the other.一次能源（primary energy）是指從自然界取得的未經(jīng)任何改變或轉(zhuǎn)換的能源，如流過水壩的水，采出的原煤、原油、天然氣和天然鈾礦等我國能源的特點(diǎn)是（The distinctive characteristics of Chinas energy resources are=Chinas energy res

12、ources are characteristic of ）多煤（abundant coal=plentiful/ample/rich supply of coal貧油，少氣（scare oil and scanty gas ）=insufficient oil and gas= short supply of oil and gas12. 環(huán)境教育和環(huán)境意識是一個相輔相成的關(guān)系，雙管齊下就能形成環(huán)保的社會大氣候，促成環(huán)境的改善。 Environmental education could help increase the public awareness of environment is

13、sues, and it works vice versa. Efforts to be made simultaneously in both aspects will help creat an atmosphere for environment protection and in the long run greatly improve our environment. 相輔相成=互相補(bǔ)充（be mutually complementary）= (give impulse to each other)= could help increase. and it works vice ve

14、rsa雙管齊下：efforts to be made simultaneously in both aspects= working on there two aspects at one time.環(huán)保的大氣候（a favorable atmosphere for environment protection）= eco- friendly atmosphere in our society13. 生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)建設(shè)使農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)環(huán)境得到明顯改善，荒山荒坡得到治理，森林覆蓋率大幅度提高，水土流失有所控制。大幅度(greatly)=tremendously= dramatically 有所=在一定程度上

15、（to some/certain extent degree）(荒山的)治理（be greened）= be turned green=be planted with trees森林覆蓋率（forest acreage）=forest coverage rateThe practice of eco agriculture has brought about striking improvements in the environment for the industry-barren hills greened, forest acreage greatly raised, soil ero

16、sion controlled to some extent.除了學(xué)校與社會，我認(rèn)為家庭對孩子的發(fā)展也有著極大的影響。生長在不同類型的家里孩子們會得到不同程度的激勵和支持。14. Ethanol, an alternative fuel made from grain or other plant materials, has long been considered one of the most promising alternatives to gasoline.乙醇是以谷物和其他植物為原料生產(chǎn)的燃料，長期以來，它一直被認(rèn)為是可替代汽油的最佳燃料。15. 從國情出發(fā)，中國把環(huán)境保護(hù)作為一

17、項(xiàng)基本國策，把實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展作為一個重大戰(zhàn)略，在全國范圍內(nèi)開展了大規(guī)模的污染防治和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)。Proceeding from its national condition, China has made environmental protection one of its fundamental national policies and has been regarding the realization of sustainable development as an important strategy. Large-scale measures will be taken nati

18、onwide to protect the ecological environment.從國情出發(fā)：proceed from its national conditions= based on its national conditions在全國范圍內(nèi)（across the country）= nationwide大規(guī)模（larges scale）= in a wide range of area污染防治（pollution prevention and control）=pollution prevention and treatment= pollution prevention16.

19、人類的利益與環(huán)境是無法截然分開的。污染排放，資源耗竭，破壞性開發(fā)，正在危害人類的利益，引發(fā)大量的社會矛盾，而這樣的矛盾已經(jīng)還是影響社會穩(wěn)定。The welfare of our human beings is inseparable from that of the environment. Pollution, the exhaustion and destructive exploitation of resources are threatening our interests and have already caused problems that affect social sta

20、bility. 無法截然分開的(inseparable)=inter-related= closely related污染排放（pollution）=the discharge/release/emission of pollutants資源枯竭（exhaustion of resources）=depletion of resources=draining on/ of resources17. 生態(tài)惡化，物種滅絕、臭氧層破壞，“溫室效應(yīng)”、酸雨、土地沙漠化等一系列環(huán)境問題已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重影響到人們得生存環(huán)境和身體健康，環(huán)境問題已經(jīng)成為人類最大的威脅之一。A series of environmen

21、tal problems, such as the deterioration of the ecosystem, the extinction of bio-species , the damages to the ozone layer, the Green-house Effect, acid rain and desertification ,have severely affected our health and living conditions. They have become one of the biggest threats to human beings.物種滅絕（t

22、he extinction of bio-species ）= the extinction of species = the disappearance /vanishing of species18.雖然充電池所含的物料會危害人體健康和環(huán)境，但這些物料具有回收價值，可以循環(huán)再造，制成其他產(chǎn)品，例如不銹鋼。因此，回收再造是解決充電池處置問題的上策。Rechargeable batteries contain substances hazardous to peoples health and the environment. Yet they also contain valuable ma

23、terials that can be recovered and recycled for use in other products, such as stainless steel. Therefore, recycling is the best solution to the disposal of 具有回收價值（ contain valuable ）Rechargeable batteries.19. 中央近幾年提出的科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，和諧社會，資源節(jié)約型和環(huán)境友好型社會等理念，為社會主義新的文明體系奠定了基礎(chǔ)。Concepts put forward by the central go

24、vernment of CPC in recent years, such as the scientific outlook on development, building a harmonious society, resource-conserving and environment-friendly society, have laid a solid foundation for establishing a new type of socialist civilization.理念（concepts）=principles科學(xué)發(fā)展觀（the scientific outlook

25、on development）= scientific view/ concept of development20. 中國政府從20世紀(jì)50年代開始組織開展大規(guī)模的植樹造林，加強(qiáng)了森林資源培育、保護(hù)和管理，在合理利用森林資源方面有了較大的進(jìn)展。Since the 1950s, Chinese government has organized tree-planting on a large scale and stepped up efforts in fostering, protection and management of forest resources. Consequently

26、, great progress has been made in the rational use of forest resources.培養(yǎng)人才：talent training; personal training; human resource cultivation具有先導(dǎo)性作業(yè)： play a leading role; to play a guiding role; to play a pioneering role必須擺在優(yōu)先發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略地位：must be placed on our development agenda as a strategic priority; sho

27、uld be given strategic priority in overall developmentPart Three:21. 中國將一如既往，與其他國家合作，為保護(hù)我們的生存環(huán)境，為人類的幸福和繁榮，為造福下一代而奮斗。China will, just as always, make joint efforts with other countries to protect our living environment, bring the happiness and prosperity to mankind and make a better future for our ne

28、xt generation.一如既往(just as always)=just as ever/before= just as in the past與合作（make joint efforts with sb. to do）=cooperate with sb. in doing sth22. 在中國，由于城市化得進(jìn)程不斷加速，致使環(huán)境問題變得越來越嚴(yán)重。尤其是在人口稠密的一些大城市，保護(hù)環(huán)境已成為緊迫的任務(wù)。With the accelerated urbanization in China, environmental problems have become even more ser

29、ious. It is a pressing task to protect our environment, especially in some large and densely populated cities.人口稠密的(densely populated)=with a large population緊迫的任務(wù)(a pressing task)= urgent task城市化得進(jìn)程不斷加速(with accelerated urbanization)=with acceleration of urbanization= with the speed-up of urbanizat

30、ion變得越來越嚴(yán)重(become even more serious)23. An issue that has entered the mainstream media in a lot of countries is Genetic Engineering or Genetic Modification of food. A lot of food that we eat today contains genetically modified ingredients and usually without our knowledge.許多國家的主流媒體都在討論基因工程，或是轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的問

31、題。今天我們吃的很多食物都是經(jīng)過基因改良的，而我們實(shí)際上并不知道這一點(diǎn)。24. The cause of poverty and of environmental degradation are inter-related, suggesting that approaching sustainable development requires understanding the issues from many angles, not just from an environmentalist or economist perspective alone.貧窮和環(huán)境惡化的原因互為關(guān)聯(lián)。這就意

32、味著要實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展就需要從多個角度來理解這個問題，而不僅僅是從環(huán)境保護(hù)主義或經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的角度看問題。 inter-related（互為關(guān)聯(lián)的）25. We all know that energy is fundamental to usto the stability and growth of our economies, the cohesion of our societies, and the very quality of our daily lives.我們都明白，能源無論對我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定和發(fā)展，對我們社會的凝聚力，還是對我們的生活質(zhì)量，都是至關(guān)重要的。Fundamental=至

33、關(guān)重要26. 土壤侵蝕日益加劇，洪水泛濫不斷增多。土壤日益貧瘠，田地的生產(chǎn)力繼續(xù)遭到破壞，這些都更嚴(yán)重地威脅著人類未來的利益。The future of the mankind has been greatly threatened by the undermining of the productivity of the land due to the accelerated soil erosion, increasing flooding and declining soil fertility.田地的生產(chǎn)力繼續(xù)遭到破壞(the undermining of the productivi

34、ty of the land)=diminishing/declining /reduced/decreasing productivity of the land土壤日益貧瘠(declining soil fertility )=expansion of barren land27. Through our combined will, we can develop and enlarge the market for proven energy technologies, which will further our shared development goals and tackle

35、the environmental threats we face.我們要以共同的決心來開發(fā)和擴(kuò)大成熟能源技術(shù)的市場，這些技術(shù)將促進(jìn)實(shí)現(xiàn)我們共同發(fā)展的目標(biāo)，幫助我們應(yīng)對所面臨的環(huán)境威脅。 proven energy technologies（成熟能源技術(shù)）further.goals 實(shí)現(xiàn) 目標(biāo)28. As evidence that Earths atmosphere is warming continues to accumulate, scientists are making slow progress toward an answer to the big question: How

36、much of the warming is due to human activity and how much to natural causes.地球大氣層正在轉(zhuǎn)暖，這種跡象日益增多，而科學(xué)家遲遲不能回答這樣一個重大問題地球變暖在多大程度上歸咎于人類的活動，又在多大程度上是自然原因造成的？evidence continues to accumulate（跡象日益增多）make slow progress towards an answer(遲遲不能回答)29. Organic food, which is grown without man-made pesticides and fer

37、tilizers, is generally assumed to be more environmentally friendly than conventional intensive farming, which is heavily reliant on chemical inputs.人們普遍認(rèn)為那些未使用人造化肥和殺蟲劑種植的有機(jī)食品，要比傳統(tǒng)集約耕作模式下的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品更為環(huán)保，因environmentally friendly（更加環(huán)保）conventional intensive farming（傳統(tǒng)集約耕作模式）為后者主要依賴化學(xué)制劑進(jìn)行灌溉。 團(tuán)結(jié) (unit with)= w

38、ork together= stand ready withto = cooperate with= make concerted efforts with.生態(tài)危機(jī)（environmental risks）=ecological crises30中國作為社會主義國家對外要團(tuán)結(jié)發(fā)展中國家反抗導(dǎo)致環(huán)境不公平的國際經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序；對內(nèi)要建立起防止不平衡發(fā)展導(dǎo)致生態(tài)危機(jī)的一系列制度。As a socialist country， China should unite with other developing countriesto oppose an international economicorde

39、r which causes environmental inequality. And it should also establish a series of systems on its land to prevent unbalanced development fromcausing environmental risks. Part four：31.中國20年內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)了西方國家100年的經(jīng)濟(jì)成就，卻也在20年內(nèi)集中引發(fā)了西方100年的環(huán)境問題。中國在創(chuàng)造GDP增長速度第一、外資引進(jìn)第一的同時，也成了煤炭、石油、鋼材消耗第一、二氧化碳排放第一。Within two decades, C

40、hina has made remarkable economic advances that took western countries a century to achieve. While taking a lead in GDP growth and foreign investment inflow,China has become the worlds largest consumer of coal, oil and steel, and the largest producer of carbon dioxide. 西方國家100年的環(huán)境問題(a centurys worth

41、 of environmental damage)=environmental damage inflicted on western coutries in the past century= environmental problems that western countries have to deal with in the past century外資引進(jìn)第一(take a lead in foreign investment inflow)= the biggest receiver of foreign investment = rank first in/top the co

42、nsumption of steel32. Tropical rainforest plants have produced thousands of lifesaving drugs since World War II, yet the potential of rainforest medicines has barely been tapped. Rainforest lands are disappearing at an alarming rate, due to development and deforestation, but preserving rainforests m

43、ay be a life and death issue for untold numbers of people-now and in the future.自二戰(zhàn)以來，人們已經(jīng)從熱帶雨林植物中提取了數(shù)千種藥物，挽救了很多病人的生命。即便如此，熱帶雨林生產(chǎn)藥物潛力尚有很大的開發(fā)空間。由于過度開發(fā)和森林砍伐，熱帶雨林面積正以令人擔(dān)憂的速度減少?？墒遣籘ap(開發(fā))=挖掘=利用Untold(數(shù)不清的)A life and death issue(一個生死攸關(guān)的問題) 管現(xiàn)在還是將來，保護(hù)雨林對千千萬萬的人們來說將會是一個生死攸關(guān)的問題。33. 從總體上看，中國森林面積少、草場退化、水土流失、土地

44、沙漠化和瀕危野生動植物保護(hù)等問題依然存在，因此，進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)生態(tài)環(huán)境與生物多樣性的保護(hù)仍然是中國政府一項(xiàng)十分重要的任務(wù)。Generally speaking, many problems still exist such as the declining coverage of forests, grassland degradation, soil erosion, desertification and the extinction of rare and endangered species. Therefore, further preservation of the ecologica

45、l environment and biodiversity remains an important task for the Chinese government. 從總體上看(generally speaking)= overall= generally進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)保護(hù)（further preservation of）= enhanced conservation of = further protection of 34. 中國作為國際社會中的成員，在努力保護(hù)自己環(huán)境的同時，還積極參與國際環(huán)保事務(wù)，促進(jìn)國際環(huán)保合作，并認(rèn)真履行了國際義務(wù)。所有這些都充分表明了中國政府和人們保護(hù)全球環(huán)境的誠

46、意和決心。As a member of the international community, China, while making great efforts to protect its own environment, has taken an active part in international cooperation in environmental protection, and earnestly fulfilled her international obligations. All these have given full 國際社會（international co

47、mmunity）充分表明（give full expression to）= fully show/display = make clear/known =indicateexpression to the sincerity and determination of the Chinese government and people to protect the global environment.35. Today, people around the world, particularly in the developing world, are satruggling to surv

48、ive in the face of growing deserts, dwindling forests, declining fisheries, poisoned food, water, air and extrem weather events that continues to intensifyfloods, droughts, and hurricanes.今天，沙漠不斷擴(kuò)大，森林逐漸縮小，漁業(yè)日益衰弱，食物，水源和空氣已被嚴(yán)重污染，異常天氣情況如洪水、干旱和颶風(fēng)持續(xù)發(fā)生。世界各國人民，尤其是發(fā)展中國家的人民，不得不在這樣日益惡化的環(huán)境中艱難生存。36.在大規(guī)模的工業(yè)化和城市化

49、過程中 ，我們的污染排放持續(xù)增長，有毒有害物質(zhì)大量釋放，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了環(huán)境容量；我們有限的資源正在被迅速消耗；公共健康正遭受環(huán)境污染的嚴(yán)重危害，三分之一的城市人口呼吸著嚴(yán)重污染的空氣，全國有3億多農(nóng)村人口飲用水不安全，五分之一的重點(diǎn)城市飲用水源水質(zhì)不達(dá)標(biāo)。Large-scale industrialization and urbanization have led to increasing emission of pollutants , massive release of poisonous and harmful substances, which have outstripped 污染排

50、放持續(xù)增長(increasing emission of pollutants)= continuous increase in the discharge/release of pollutants= 污染日益嚴(yán)重（ever worsening pollution）= more and more serious pollution消耗（be consumed）= 用盡（run out）= be used up= be exhausted/depleted達(dá)標(biāo)（meet the standards）=live up to the standardsThe environmental capac

51、ity. Chinas limited resources are being rapidly consumed. Environmental pollution is endangering public health, with one-third of the urban population breathing heavily polluted air; 300 million rural residents drinking unsafe water; and one-fifth of China;s major cities supplying drinking water unqualified to meet the countries minimum standard.37. 中國實(shí)現(xiàn)生態(tài)文明的困難在于：第一，我們的人口資源環(huán)境結(jié)構(gòu)非常緊張。第二，今天的世界，能源、資源和環(huán)境已經(jīng)成為各國搶奪的焦點(diǎn)，我們不能像發(fā)達(dá)國家一樣將污染轉(zhuǎn)移出去。我們只能不惜代價地堅決走新型工業(yè)化道路。在這方面，日本是一個很好的例子。China faces some difficulties in achieving ecological civiilization. Firstly, there is a delicate balance between our p