高中非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞課件35032.ppt

1、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞講解,Nonfinite Verbs,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,動(dòng)名詞,分詞,現(xiàn)在分詞,過去分詞,動(dòng)詞不定式,1.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：,概述：,2. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：,在句子中擔(dān)任謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞,是動(dòng)詞的特殊形式，在句中可以作除謂語(yǔ)外的所有成分,一個(gè)句子當(dāng)中，已經(jīng)存在一個(gè)主句（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）,又沒有連詞的情況下, 還有別的動(dòng)詞出現(xiàn)時(shí)。,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用條件,She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.,1 The teachers sitting th

2、ere are from other schools.,表語(yǔ),2 We saw some teachers sitting there.,賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),3 We need to be active in class.,賓語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),主語(yǔ),定語(yǔ),連系動(dòng)詞,劃分句子成分,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞大都可在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等.,動(dòng)詞不定式（The Infinitive）,一. 動(dòng)詞不定式的基本構(gòu)成：,由不定式符號(hào)to加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。其否定式由not+不定式構(gòu)成,肯定式：to do sth 否定式：not to do sth. 被動(dòng)式：to be done 完成式：to have do

3、ne,二. 動(dòng)詞不定式的句法作用法,在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等成份。,動(dòng)詞不定式,To do that sort of thing is foolish。,I want to see you this evening,My dream is to become a doctor.,We found a house to live in.,She came here to study English.,I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation.,主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),表語(yǔ),定語(yǔ),狀語(yǔ),賓補(bǔ),(1)作

4、主語(yǔ),不定式做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以直接放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。,To see is to believe,Not to get there in time is your fault.,注：常用it做形式主語(yǔ)，將to do放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。,句型1：It + 謂語(yǔ) + to do,It takes us an hour _ get there by bus.,句型2：Its + n. + to do,Its our duty _ help the poor.,It is a great enjoyment _ spend our holiday in the mountains,句型3：It i

5、s adj. for/of sb. to do sth.,It is + adj + for sb to do sth It is + adj + of sb to do sth,（是形容人的品質(zhì)的 ）,（是形容事物的性質(zhì)的 ）,It is easy for me to finish this work before ten. It is a great honor for us to be present at your birthday party.,It is very kind of you to give me some help. Its impolite of you to sp

6、eak to the teacher like that.,You are very kind to give me some help.,you are impolite to speak to the teacher like that.,常見動(dòng)詞有：,(2)作賓語(yǔ),I want to know this matter.,like, demand, expect, promise, begin, determine, refuse, offer, fail, manage, learn, seem, intend, prefer, forget, mean, prepare, preten

7、d, continue, start, afford, hate等,I dont expect to meet you here.,1).,接不定式做賓語(yǔ),1. They wanted _( get ) on the bus, didnt they? 2. He said he wished _( be ) a professor. 3. I agreed_ ( go ) there with the doctor. 4. My daughter preferred _ ( dance ) when she was in her twenties. 5. He had promised _ (

8、 give ) me a hand.,B. 常跟疑問詞+不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞: tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, explain know, show, discover, see(understand) He taught us how to use the tool. No one could tell me where to get the book. I hope youll advise me what to do.,I dont know how to get there.,I havent de

9、cided whether to go or stay.,begin start continue,+,to do doing,注意下列動(dòng)詞,like love hate prefer,+,to do doing,remember forget regret,+,to do doing,try mean stop go on,+,to do doing,1. Boys, dont forget _ the windows before you leave the classroom.A. closingB. closedC. to closingD. to close 2.She reache

10、d the top of the hill and stopped _ on a big rock.A. to have restedB. restingC. to restD. rest 4. Remember _ the lights when you leave the office. A. to turn offB. turning offC. turn offD. to turning off,(3)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),(與賓語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系實(shí)際上是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系),1. Mothertoldme_comebackbefore 10oclock. 2. Illgetsomeone_repai

11、rtherecorder foryou. 3. Whatcausedhim_changehismind? 4.Iwishyou_comeassoonaspossible. 5. He asked me _do the work with him,advise allow ask beg cause expect encourage force get hate invite order wishoblige want warn remind promise permit persuade request,sb. to do,see watch look at hear listen to fe

12、el notice,+,sb.,+,do doing done,make let have,2).,Ioftenhearthem(sing)thissong.,Didyounoticeanyone(come)in? Iwouldhavehim(wait)formeforalongtime. Lookatthehorsejump.,注意：當(dāng)這類動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，其后的不定式則要加上“to”如：,He is often heard _ the song,Hewasseen_theroom.,to sing,toenter,sb. be,seen watched looked at heard l

13、istened to felt noticed,+,to do,made let,4. it作形式賓語(yǔ),I find/feel to work with him interesting ,I find/feel it interesting to work with him,注意：不定式短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果還帶有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，往往把不定式賓語(yǔ)放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之后，而用it作形式賓語(yǔ)。,Subject+ find/think/feel/make/ consider it +adj/n + to do sth.,1.Wethought_better_startearly. 2.Doyouconsider

14、_betternot_go? 3.Ifeel_myduty_changeallthat. 4.We think _ important _ obey the law. 5.I know _ impossible _ finish so much homework in a day.,用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，使句子完整、正確。 1.Let me _(help) you _ (water) the flowers. 2.Little Sandy would love _(take) to the cinema this evening. 3. Though he often made hi

15、s deskmate _(cry), today he was made _(cry) by his deskmate. 4. I saw him _ into the small store.A. wentB. goingC. to goD. has gone 5. Tell the boy _ out of the window. not to look B. to not lookC. dont lookD. not look,help,(to)water,to take,cry,to cry,5.I have something to tell you. (不定式作定語(yǔ)) 不定式與它所

16、修飾的詞有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系 Do you have anything to wash today? Do you have anything to be washed today? (區(qū)別主被動(dòng)） 不定式用來說明所修飾詞的內(nèi)容 I have no chance to go there. 被修飾詞是不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ) She is the last to leave the room. 不定式為不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，須加介詞 He is looking for a room to live in.,1.The house is not big enough for us all_.A. to live inB.

17、to be lived in C. to live D. for living in 2. Would you please pass me the knife _?A. to cut the fruit withB. to cut the fruitC. cutting the fruitD. cutting the fruit with 3.I have something important to say.please find a piece of paper （寫上） 4.Excuse me，could I use your pen for a moment？ I have no p

18、en （寫）,to write on,to write with,動(dòng)詞不定式做定語(yǔ),注意：如果不定式是不及物的，它后面就應(yīng)有必要的介詞。如：,He is looking for a room to live in ,Please give me a knife to cut with,(5)作狀語(yǔ),表示目的、原因、結(jié)果或條件。,I came here to see you We were very excited to hear the news He hurried to the school to find nobody there . To look at him，you would l

19、ike him,(目的),(原因),(結(jié)果),(條件),動(dòng)名詞（gerund）,一. 動(dòng)名詞的基本構(gòu)成,二. 動(dòng)名詞的性質(zhì),動(dòng)名詞既具有動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)有具有名詞的特點(diǎn)，具體表現(xiàn)為：,1.動(dòng)名詞可以被定冠詞和物主代詞修飾,I hope you dont mind my saying it.,2. 動(dòng)名詞可帶有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ),Are you for or against having the meeting. I insisted on leaving at once.,三.動(dòng)名詞的功用,1.可作主語(yǔ),Seeing is believing,Reading newspapers can increa

20、se our knowledge.,no use no good no fun Its + a shame + doing a waste of time/money useless dangerous There is no + doing.,It is no use crying. It is no good objecting Looking after the patients is a nurses job. Its dangerous playing with fire. Its a waste of time copying others homework. There is n

21、o joking about the matter.,2.可作賓語(yǔ), S. + vt.+ doing,Have you finished reading the book? I suggest doing it in a different way.,在某些動(dòng)詞后要求用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，不能用不定式，常見的這類動(dòng)詞有：,避免錯(cuò)過 (少) 延期 avoid miss delay/postpone 建議完成 (多) 練習(xí) suggest / advise finish practise 喜歡想象 禁不住 enjoy/appreciate/ imagine/ resist/cant help 承認(rèn) 否定

22、 (與) 嫉妒 admit deny envy 逃脫 冒險(xiǎn) (莫) 原諒 escape / envy /risk /pardon / excuse 忍受 保持 (不) 在意 stand keep / keep on mind,注：在動(dòng)詞advise, allow, forbid(禁止)，permit（允許）等后，如果沒有人稱賓語(yǔ)，后跟動(dòng)名詞；如果有人稱賓語(yǔ)則后跟不定式。例如,We dont allow people to fish here. 我們不準(zhǔn)人們?cè)谶@兒釣魚。,People are not allowed to fish here. 人們不準(zhǔn)在這兒釣魚。,prefer.to. look

23、 forward to be used to put off give up S. + keep on + doing succeed in cant help feel like be busy be worth have difficulty/trouble/problem (in),作介詞/短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ):,S. + v. + prep. + doing,e.g. She sat there without (speak) I look forward to (see) him again. Are you used to (live) there alone? When my fath

24、er heard the news, he couldnt help (laugh). I dont feel like (go) to see the film. He was busy (prepare) his lessons.,主動(dòng)表被動(dòng):,want (需要) need (需要) require (需要) Sth. + + doing be worth (值得),使用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義,to be done,使用不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，依然用被動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義, The room wants (clean). The method needs (improve). Thi

25、s pair of shoes require (mend). The problem needs (work out). The question is well worth (discuss),d）動(dòng)詞 “l(fā)ike, love, hate, prefer”后接動(dòng)名詞表示“習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作”，后接不定式表示“心理或一次具體動(dòng)作”。當(dāng)用在 should, would之后時(shí)，只跟不定式。例如：,I like swimming, but I dont like to swim this afternoon.,我喜歡游泳，但今天我不愿去游泳。,What would you like to eat toni

26、ght?你今晚上想吃什么？,Stop；forget；try； Mean；go on；,Others Examples,五.動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),動(dòng)名詞前可以加一個(gè) 物主代詞或 名詞所有格來表示 這個(gè)動(dòng)名詞邏輯上的主語(yǔ) ，構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ) 1).物主代詞 / 名詞所有格 + 動(dòng)名詞 在句中作主語(yǔ): Marys coming late made her teacher angry. Do you mind my smoking? Do you mind my reading your paper? Their coming to help was a great encourageme

27、nt to us. Roses going wont be of much help. 2).人稱代詞賓格 / 名詞 + 動(dòng)名詞 在句中作賓語(yǔ): Im sure of him coming on time. He has never heard of a woman being a pilot. I dont mind Jack (him) going. She hates young people (them) smoking.,分詞：Participles,一 分詞的概述,1. 分詞是“非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞”的另一種形式，它有兩種形式：現(xiàn) 在分詞（Present Participle）和過去分詞（P

28、ast Participle）。,2. 現(xiàn)在分詞：doing 過去分詞：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞 V+ed 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞,3.分詞在句中起形容詞和副詞的作用。在句中 作表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。,現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別：,1.語(yǔ)態(tài)上：現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)，過去分詞表被動(dòng),Do you know the woman talking to Tom? The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.,2. 時(shí)態(tài)上：現(xiàn)在分詞表進(jìn)行，過去分詞表完成,Developing country boiling water Developed country boiled wat

29、er,二、分詞的作用,1、作定語(yǔ),分詞作定語(yǔ)有兩種形式。它可以放在被修飾的名詞之前，稱為前置定語(yǔ)。有的放在被修飾的名詞之后，稱為后置定語(yǔ)。,（1）前置定語(yǔ),He is a promising young man. Make less noise. Theres a sleeping child. We only sell used books.我們只賣用過的書。,（2）后置定語(yǔ),The young man sitting between John and Mary is the editor of the campus newspaper.,現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作。如果是單詞，放在被修飾的名詞

30、前；如果是短語(yǔ)，放就放在被修飾的名詞之后。,The bridge built last month needs repairing.,上個(gè)月建造的那座橋需要修理。,（3）分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)必須置于被修飾詞之后， 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。如：,Those who wish to join the club should sign here,(Those wishing to join this club should sign here.,),想加入本俱樂部的人在這里簽名。,The man, who had been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory.

31、),由于被嚴(yán)重困擾，這個(gè)人幾乎失去了記憶。,(The man, having been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory.,（4）過去分詞作定語(yǔ)在意義上有兩種可能：表示被動(dòng)和完成，只表完成。如：,the question discussed yesterday,昨天討論的問題（既表示被動(dòng)也表示完成）,the fallen leaves,落下的樹葉(只表示完成，不表示被動(dòng)),2、作表語(yǔ),分詞作表語(yǔ)表示主語(yǔ)的某種性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)。如：,She was too frightened to move. 她被嚇得一動(dòng)不動(dòng)。 What you said is

32、really inspiring. 你所說的真令從鼓舞。,3、作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),可以跟賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有 see, watch, hear, set, keep, find, have, get 等詞。,I saw him walking in the street. 我看見他在街上走。 I heard them singing in the classroom. 我聽見他們?cè)诮淌依锍琛?We found the boy sleeping. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)小孩睡著了。,現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞在作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別,四、作狀語(yǔ),現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)進(jìn)行，過去分詞表被動(dòng)完成,1. (Seeing/seen) from

33、the top of the tower, we can see a beautiful factory. (Seeing/seen) from the top of the tower, the factory looks beautiful. 2. (Hearing/heard) the bad news, they couldnt help crying. 3. (Giving/Given) more time, we could do it better.,Hearing the bad news, they couldnt help crying.,When they heard t

34、he bad news,Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.,If they had been given more attention,Being so angry, he couldnt go to sleep.,Because he was so angry,They came into the classroom, singing and laughing.,To serve the people well, I study hard.,判斷下列句子正誤：,1. To learn English well, a

35、 lot of practice must be done. 2. Seeing from the hill, the city is more beautiful. 3. Heating , water will boil. 4. Getting there, the door was found opened.,判斷句子正誤并改正：,1, Being ill, his classmate sent him to hospital. 2. To get there in time, he told me to get up early. 3, Broken by Jim, I cant us

36、e the cup.,將下列狀語(yǔ)從句改為非謂語(yǔ) 短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)： 1. Because she was moved by the hero, she decided to study harder.,2. When he found the door locked, he went home.,He started early in order that he could get there on time.,將下列非謂語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)改寫為狀語(yǔ)從句,1. Not knowing her address, I cant write to her. 2. Entering the room, I saw a

37、strange sight. 3. Scolded by the teacher, he was very sad.,4.Not knowing where to go, he asked a policeman . 5. Hearing her friend was bad- ly hurt, she burst into tears.6. Knowing his team had won, he became happy at once.,1. 句子的主語(yǔ)是不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)，盡管不定式與被修飾詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，也還要用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) eg: Do you have any clothes to wa

38、sh ? “Do you have any clothes to be washed?” asked the maid. 2. S +be+easy difficult hard pleasant interesting exciting comfortable +to do eg: This question is easy to answer . The boy is difficult to teach. 3. The house is to let （待出租）. 5.3 P56（7） The manager is to blame .,分詞時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法,分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同

39、時(shí)發(fā)生。分詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系時(shí)被動(dòng)的，要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 1._ out of the window, I can see many cars and buses. 2._ from the top of Dragon Tower, Harbin looks more beautiful. 3.The teacher came in, _many students.(follow) 4.The teacher came in, _by many students.(follow),following,followed,分詞時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法,一、如果強(qiáng)調(diào)分詞表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，要用分詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。

40、 1. Being repaired, the building is forbidden to enter. 2. The house being built now is a Hope Project School. 3. Passing by the accident scene, I saw the man badly hurt being carried onto an ambulance.,分詞時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法,二、如果強(qiáng)調(diào)分詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前，要用完成形式。 1. Not having finished his homework ,Tom was made to st

41、ay at school . 2. Having closed all the windows ,I went home. 3. Having been invited to the party ,Tom was very happy .,進(jìn)行被動(dòng)式： being done 表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行動(dòng)作的被動(dòng)。,1.The building being repaired is our library. 2.The question being discussed is very important. 3. As we approached the village, we saw new houses

42、being put up.,完成式：having done 所表示的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生。(not having done) 完成被動(dòng)式：having been done,Having turned off the radio, he began to go over his lessons. 2. Not having received his fathers letter, he decided to make a call to him.,1._(沒有完成作業(yè)),Tom was forbidden to watch TV. 2._(正在刷油漆), the house was

43、 not allowed to enter. 3._(被邀請(qǐng)參加舞會(huì)), Mary felt excited. 4.The difficult maths problem _(很難算出）. 5.She was angry for _(沒有被邀請(qǐng)）to the ball.,Not having been invited to the ball,is difficult to work out,not having been invited,Not having finished his homework,Being painted,7.The thief stole into the store

44、_(沒人看到）. 8.The flat _(出租）. 9.The man who was on duty that day _（應(yīng)受譴責(zé)）. 10.They were proud of _ (被派往西藏去工作）. 11.When the teacher came in, Tom _(假裝在看書）.,12.Ni Ping is said _(寫了一本名叫“日子”的書） 13.Song Dandan is said _(在寫一本叫“月子”的書） 14._(從窗戶往外看), I can see many tall buildings. 15._(從山頂往下看), the city looks mor

45、e beautiful. 16._(他有很多活要干）.Dont bother him.,to have written a book called “The Days”,to be writing a book named “ The Months”,Looking out of the window, Seen from top of the hill, He has a lot of work to do,獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),一般來說，分詞或分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)要和句子的主語(yǔ)一致。但有時(shí)候，分詞的動(dòng)作不是由句子的主語(yǔ)發(fā)出來的，它有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)。 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)（Independent Ge

46、nitive）有兩部分組成，前一部份是名詞或者代詞，后一部分是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞)或形容詞、副詞、或介詞短語(yǔ)。前后兩部分具有邏輯主謂關(guān)系。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)在句中做狀語(yǔ)，多用于書面語(yǔ)。 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)本身不是句子，在句子中作狀語(yǔ)，表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、伴隨、目的等。,Given more time, we could do it better.,Nobody having any more to say, the meeting was closed.,1獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的形式：,（1）名詞 / 代詞 + -ing分詞及其短語(yǔ),The moon appearing, they decided

47、 to go on with their journey.The pupils are walking slowly, their teacher following.,（2）名詞 / 代詞 + -ed分詞及其短語(yǔ),Good-bye said, we went home.All things considered, it is a good plan.,3.由There being +主語(yǔ) 這種結(jié)構(gòu)多表示原因。例如：,There being a lot of books to read, he often studied till midnight. 因?yàn)橛性S多書要讀，他經(jīng)常學(xué)習(xí)到深夜。,（3

48、）名詞 / 代詞 + 形容詞及其短語(yǔ),The weather (being) hot, we all went swimming.Dinner ready, the hostess asked her guests to be seated.,（4）名詞 / 代詞 + 不定式及其短語(yǔ),The money to be paid by the driver, the police went away.Here are the first two volumes, the third one to come out next month.,（5）名詞 / 代詞 + 副詞及其短語(yǔ),The meetin

49、g (being) over, we left the room.,（6）名詞 / 代詞 + 介詞及其短語(yǔ),She stood there, book in hand.Everybody at home, we sat down to dinner.,2with + 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),這種結(jié)構(gòu)也可以看成是一種獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)有較鮮明的特色。在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，with后的賓語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于該結(jié)構(gòu)中的邏輯主語(yǔ)，其后面的詞相當(dāng)于這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中的邏輯謂語(yǔ)。這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)很像一個(gè)用來說明附帶情況或細(xì)節(jié)的，可以起狀語(yǔ)作用的句子。翻譯時(shí)，with原有的含意往往不翻譯出來。,（1）with + 名詞 / 代詞 + 名詞The b

50、rave man fought the tiger with a stick his only weapon.He was carried into the hospital, with his face a mass of bleeding flesh.,（2）with + 名詞 / 代詞 + 介詞The teacher came into the classroom with a book in his hand.He was asleep with his head on his arms.Family dependants, when ill, enjoy free medical t

51、reatment, with medicines at half price.,（3）with + 名詞 / 代詞 + 副詞He went out with his hat on.The square looks more beautiful than ever with her lights on.,4）with + 名詞 / 代詞 + 形容詞Dont speak with your mouth full.The once lowly serfs now walk with heads high.,5）with + 名詞 / 代詞 + -ing分詞With the old man leadi

52、ng, the two started toward the mountains.With everyone surrounding us we can certainly succeed.She felt very nervous with so many people looking at her.,（6）with + 名詞 / 代詞 + -en分詞All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.He died with his lifes work still unfinished.With his matter settled, we

53、left the room.,（7）with + 名詞 / 代詞 + 不定式They are highly mechanized farms, with machinery to do most of the work.This was a severe test, with innumerable difficulties to be overcome.With five minutes to go before the last train left, we arrived here.,不定式與動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)的區(qū)別： 不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)經(jīng)常表示具體動(dòng)作，而動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)經(jīng)常表示抽象動(dòng)作： Its

54、 no good eating too much fat. Its not good for you to eat so much fat. 關(guān)于邏輯主語(yǔ)的問題動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的一般規(guī)則是： 1.邏輯主語(yǔ)是有生命的名詞：作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，須用名詞所有格或形容詞性物主代詞；作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，也可用普通格或人稱代詞賓格。 Toms (His) coming is what we have expe 2. 邏輯主語(yǔ)是無生命的名詞：Is there any hope of our team winning the match She didnt mind Jack/ Jacks (him/ his) coming he

55、re. 1. _to the meeting surprised all of the boards. A. Mike coming B. Mike came C. Mike comes D. Mikes coming 2. Its no use _ that you didnt know the rules. A. you pretend B. you pretending C. your pretending D. your pretend Change the following into the simple sentences. That Peter didnt attend the

56、 meeting made it put off.,Thanks a lot!,不定式與動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)的區(qū)別： 不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)經(jīng)常表示具體動(dòng)作，而動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)經(jīng)常表示抽象動(dòng)作： Its no good eating too much fat. Its not good for you to eat so much fat. 關(guān)于邏輯主語(yǔ)的問題動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的一般規(guī)則是： 1.邏輯主語(yǔ)是有生命的名詞：作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，須用名詞所有格或形容詞性物主代詞；作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，也可用普通格或人稱代詞賓格。 Toms (His) coming is what we have expe 2. 邏輯主語(yǔ)是無生命的名詞：Is

57、there any hope of our team winning the match She didnt mind Jack/ Jacks (him/ his) coming here. 1. _to the meeting surprised all of the boards. A. Mike coming B. Mike came C. Mike comes D. Mikes coming 2. Its no use _ that you didnt know the rules. A. you pretend B. you pretending C. your pretending D. your pretend Change the following into the simple sentences. That Peter didnt attend the meeting made it put off.,不定式、動(dòng)名詞用作主語(yǔ),1。直接作主語(yǔ) （1）眼見為實(shí) （2）今天早晨做早操對(duì)身體 無益 （3）在這里吸煙很危險(xiǎn),1.To see is to believe 2.To do morning exercises today i