H江碾壓混凝土重力壩 設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)畢業(yè)論文.doc

水利水電工程專業(yè)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)I摘要本次設(shè)計(jì)的基本資料取于我國(guó)西南部地區(qū)的已建工程。首先進(jìn)行壩型的選擇，我們主要考慮地形、地質(zhì)、水文、人文和氣候條件。經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)幾種可建造壩型的多方面比較，我們選擇建造高碾壓混凝土重力壩。它比實(shí)體重力壩所使用混凝土方量少，總體造價(jià)低。大壩安全也是大壩設(shè)計(jì)中最重要的控制因素，壩愈高安全愈重要。由于水庫(kù)蓄水量很大，更需要有謹(jǐn)慎的設(shè)計(jì)，以防止因失事而招致重大的生命財(cái)產(chǎn)損失。小心處理諸多影響運(yùn)行性能的因素，確保壩的安全、經(jīng)濟(jì)和效用。溢洪道是河川水利樞紐中必備泄水建筑物，用以排泄水庫(kù)不能容納的多余洪水量。碾壓砼重力壩通常在壩頂設(shè)置溢洪道，入庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)洪水的選擇和確定，必須在充分研究流域水文因素的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行，然后才能確定溢洪道的尺寸。對(duì)于過(guò)壩水流的調(diào)泄，需要有合理慎重的設(shè)計(jì)，以避免生命財(cái)產(chǎn)的損失。我們是通過(guò)調(diào)洪演算來(lái)確定起調(diào)流量和下泄流量從而來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)壩頂溢洪道。在滿足約束條件的前提下，根據(jù)大壩基本剖面最小原則確定該碾壓混凝土大壩的剖面和輪廓尺寸，也包括壩身的一些細(xì)部構(gòu)造以及對(duì)地基的處理等。在確定完上下游坡度后，用穩(wěn)定計(jì)算和材料力學(xué)法從正常蓄水，設(shè)計(jì)洪水水位，校核洪水水位以及正常加地震四個(gè)工況下來(lái)驗(yàn)證和校核設(shè)計(jì)剖面的可行性。同樣溢流壩段的分析同非溢流壩段。在完成壩體基本剖面的設(shè)計(jì)后，要通過(guò)材料力學(xué)的方法對(duì)壩體內(nèi)的應(yīng)力進(jìn)行計(jì)算與分析，在保證壩體四個(gè)截面上的應(yīng)力在正常蓄水和設(shè)計(jì)工況下都不出現(xiàn)拉應(yīng)力，在地震和校核情況下的拉應(yīng)力滿足規(guī)范的要求。在設(shè)計(jì)第二主要建筑物時(shí)，設(shè)置壓力鋼管為水輪機(jī)供水。采用壩內(nèi)埋管形式，鋼管用箍筋和加勁環(huán)加固，設(shè)置伸縮節(jié)防止鋼管因溫度變化而拉長(zhǎng)或收縮使應(yīng)力增大。并且也對(duì)壓力鋼管進(jìn)行了細(xì)部構(gòu)造和配筋計(jì)算。碾壓砼重力壩通常分期施工，而且對(duì)施工時(shí)時(shí)間的要求非常高，因?yàn)樗恼麄€(gè)壩體有四部分，各種建壩材料的凝結(jié)時(shí)間和材料與材料之間的結(jié)合時(shí)間都要求很高，所以分期導(dǎo)流是大壩建造的關(guān)鍵一步，要盡可能的減少受到水文、地形、地質(zhì)和施工計(jì)劃的影響。通過(guò)本次設(shè)計(jì)我們掌握了碾壓砼重力壩的設(shè)計(jì)流程，對(duì)于碾壓砼重力壩的一些特點(diǎn)和設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)應(yīng)該注意的方面進(jìn)行了了解，完成了知識(shí)從理論學(xué)習(xí)到實(shí)際運(yùn)用的過(guò)渡，體會(huì)到了身為一個(gè)水利設(shè)計(jì)者所需要具備的品質(zhì)和擔(dān)負(fù)的責(zé)任，這對(duì)我們以后的工作或是學(xué)習(xí)都是一次鍛煉。關(guān)鍵詞：材料力學(xué)法；碾壓混凝土重力壩H江碾壓混凝土重力壩IIAbstractThedamsiteselection,mainlydependsonthetopography,geology,hydrology,culturalandclimaticconditions.ThedesignofthebasicinformationfromthesouthwesternregionofChinahasbuildingworks.Aftertheconstructionofseveraldamstocompareestimatesofeconomy,wechoosetheconstructionofhighRCCgravitydam.Thanbytheuseofconcretegravitydamentitiestosmall,lowoverallcost.Rollercompactedconcretegravitydamisusuallysetupthetopofthedamspillway,thespillwayforriverwaterdischargestructureessentialhubfortheexcretionofexcessreservoircannotaccommodatethefloodvolume,mustbedesignedtodischargethelargestvolume,whileatthesametimetomaintainthereservoirthewaterlevelbelowtheexpectedlevel.Designoffloodstorageoptionsanddeterminedtobeinfullhydrologicalstudyconductedonthebasisoffactors,andthentodeterminethesizeofthespillway.Forthetransferofwater過(guò)壩China,thereisareasonableneedcarefuldesign,inordertoavoidthelossoflivesandproperty.Wearethroughthefloodtransferfromcalculustodeterminethedischargeflowoftrafficandthustodesignthetopofthedamspillway.Thenintheupstreamanddownstreamtomeetthestabilityandstressconditions,thesmallestprofileinaccordancewiththebasicprinciplesofthedamtodeterminetheprofileofrollercompactedconcretedamofthesizeandcontour,includingthedambodystructureaswellassomedetailthehandlingofthefoundation.Endindeterminingtheupperandlowerslope,theuseofstablecomputingandmechanicsofmaterialsfromthenormalwaterstorage,designfloodlevel,checkfloodlevel,aswellasthenormalincreaseintheearthquakefourconditionsdesignedtoverifyandcheckthefeasibilityofprofiles.Spillwaysectionofthesameanalysiswiththenon-overflowdamparagraph.Endinthedesignofthebasicprofileofthedam,themechanicsofmaterialsbythemethodofstressonthebodytocarryoutcalculationandanalysisofthefoursectionsinthedamtoensurethatthestressinthenormalstorageconditionsanddesignoftensilestressdidnotappear,inthecaseofearthquakeandcheckingthetensilestresstomeetthespecificationrequirements.Themainbuildingsinthedesignofthesecond,thesetpressureofthewatersupplypipefortheturbine.Pipeusedintheformofdam,steelringwithstrongreinforcementstirrupsprocessing,setuptopreventthepipejointsduetotemperaturechangeandlengthenorshrinksothatthestressincreases.Andalsothepressureofasteelreinforcedstructureandcalculatedindetail.Rollercompactedconcretegravitydamisusuallytheconstructionphases,butalsotherequirementsoftheconstructiontimeisveryhigh,becauseitisthewholedamhasfourparts,allkindsofmaterialstobuildthesettingtimeandmaterialsandmaterialscombinedwiththetimebetweentherequestishigh,sothephaseddiversionisakeystepintheconstructionofthedam,totheextentpossible,toreducethevulnerabilityofthehydrology,topography,geologyandconstructionprograms.Designofdamsafetyisalsoadamtocontrolthemostimportantfactors,thehigherthedamthemoreimportantsecurity.Reservoirstoragecapacityduetoalarge,butalsotheneedforcarefuldesigninordertopreventamajoraccidentresultinginlossoflivesandproperty.Carefulwithalotoffactorsthataffectperformancetoensurethatthedamssecurity,economyandeffectiveness.Weadoptedthedesignoftherollercompactedconcretegravitydammasteredthedesignmethod,butalsoknowtherollercompactedconcretegravitydamonanumberofimportantcharacteristicsand水利水電工程專業(yè)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)IIIthedesignshouldpayattentiontowherethecompletionoftheknowledgelearnedfromthepracticalapplicationofthetheoryofthetransition,experienceddesignerswhoneedawaterconservancyprojectwithqualityandresponsibility,whichwelaterlearnisajobortraining.Keywords:themechanicalmethod；Rollercompactedconcretegravitydam；水利水電工程專業(yè)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)-1-目錄摘要.1第一章綜合說(shuō)明.-1-第一節(jié)樞紐布置.-1-一、發(fā)電.-1-二、防洪.-1-三、航運(yùn).-1-第二節(jié)設(shè)計(jì)要求.-1-第三節(jié)工程特性表.-2-第二章設(shè)計(jì)基本資料.-4-第一節(jié)自然地理.-4-一、流域概況.-4-二、氣候特征.-4-三、徑流、洪水、泥沙.-5-第二節(jié)工程地質(zhì).-8-1、地震烈度.-8-2、地形地貌.-9-3、地層巖性.-9-4、地質(zhì)構(gòu)造.-9-5、巖體物理力學(xué)性質(zhì).-9-第三節(jié)碾壓混凝土層面和大壩建基面的抗剪強(qiáng)度指標(biāo).-10-第四節(jié)各分區(qū)砼相應(yīng)齡期的抗壓強(qiáng)度指標(biāo).-11-第五節(jié)筑壩材料.-19-第六節(jié)水庫(kù)淹沒(méi)處理及移民安置.-19-1、LT水庫(kù)淹沒(méi)影響實(shí)物指標(biāo).-19-2、移民安置規(guī)劃.-19-第七節(jié)施工組織.-19-1、施工條件.-19-2