人教版八下英語第一單元知識點及練習（無答案）

八下英語第一單元知識點一 . 詢問某人患了何種疾病或遇到什么麻煩時，常用以下句型：1.Whats the matter (with sb.)? 2. Whats the trouble / problem(with sb.)?3.Whats wrong (with sb.)? 你怎么了? 4. Whats ones trouble / problem ?5.Whats up ? 6. What happened to sb. ?7.Are you OK ? 8. Is there anything wrong with sb. ?二.表達身體不適或疼痛時，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)：1.Sb + have /has + a / an + 疾病名稱：have a cold / fever / cough / temperature2.Sb + have/ has a sore +身體部位：have a sore throat / back3.Sb + have / has+ a+ 身體部位ache have a toothache /headache / stomachache / earache /backache4.Sb + hurt(s) +身體部位/ oneself ; He hurt his leg . 或 身體部位+ hurts ; My head hurts badly .5.There is something wrong with ones +身體部位。6.Sb +have /has a pain in ones +身體部位三.情態(tài)動詞 should / shouldnt 的用法：意為應該，應當 后接動詞原形，無人稱和數(shù)的變化。通常表示提出意見或建議，或義務和責任，還可表示命令責備或要求等語氣;1. You should lie down and rest . 2.You shouldnt eat so much next time . 3. What should I do ?4. Should I put some medicine on it ? -Yes ,you should ./ No, you should t. Section A1.sore adj. 疼痛的 可作定語或表語She has a sore throat / back . My leg is very sore .2.back n. 后面，背面 He sat at the back of the classroom. adv . 回 (原處) come back3. lie 躺，臥-lay- lain-lying lie down 躺下 撒謊 -lied-lied .lying You are lying to me .n. 謊言假話 tell a lie / lies lay .-laid .laid. laying 產(chǎn)卵 下蛋 放置4. rest 休息 v./n. You should rest for a few days . get some rest= have(take) a rest /a break / breaks休息一下5. to one s surprise 使某人驚訝的是 常作插入語，位于句首 To his surprise, she failed the exam .in surprise 吃驚地 surprising -物 What surprising news !Surprised- 人be surprised to do / be surprised at sth / be surprised that6. much too+ 形容詞， 太. ， too many+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，太多too much+不可數(shù)名詞，太多也可做副詞 talk too much7. enough形容、副詞,足夠的/地，(1) enough +名詞; enough water (2) 形副+ enough ; good enough8. sound like+名詞代詞和從句：聽起來像 It sounds like you dont know the truth. It sounds like a good idea. Sound( look/feel/taste/smell )+形容詞 聽起來. e.g. The music sounds nice.9. need (1).需要，實義動詞 人做主語 need+sth.，需要某物; need (sb.)to do sth.需要做某事，(2). 物作主語;sth. needs doing/ to be done ; The room needs cleaning /to be cleaned.(3) 情態(tài)動詞,多用于否定句或疑問句 Need I stay here ?-Yes, you must . /No, you neednt.10. agree 同意，贊同-disagree(反義詞) agree with sb. 同意某人 agree to do. 同意做某事11. right away =right now =at once，意為 馬上 。12. advice(不可數(shù))建議,意見 a piece of advice 一條建議 give sb. advice on sth./ take ones adviceadvise 動詞 advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人做某事 advise doing sth.建議做某事13. hurt 及物動詞，使疼痛，受傷，He hurt his leg . He hurt her feelings.不及物動詞，(部位)疼。 His leg hurt badly.14. hit -hit(過去式)(用手或器具)打;擊打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back 打某人的頭、鼻子、后背，on 用在所打較硬的部位;hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的臉、眼睛、肚子，in 用在所打較軟的部位。當名詞用時;get hit on the head 頭部受到撞擊15. see sb. doing sth. 看見某人正在做某事 I saw a boy playing football near my home.See sb. do sth. 看見某人做某事(強調(diào)全過程) We saw him cross the road.16.shout to sb.向某人喊話 shout at sb. 沖某人叫喊(貶義) shout for help 大聲呼救17. expect sb. to do sth.期待某人去做某事。18.think about(+doing)考慮 think of 想起，認為 think over 仔細考慮 think up 想出19.fall down(+from)摔倒，跌倒 fall behind 落后，跟不上 fall into落入 fall asleep 入睡Fall in love with 愛上 fall off 從跌落下來20.反身代詞myself./ yourself / himself / herself / itself / ourselves /yourselves / themselves作同位語;Did you make the cake yourself ? 做表語 Im not myself today .enjoy oneself help oneself to by oneself hurt/ cut oneself teach oneself=learn sth by oneself21.trouble (不可數(shù));苦惱，問題 be in trouble 處于困境 get into trouble陷入困境 make trouble 制造麻煩 have trouble / difficulties / problems (in) doing sth.做.有麻煩 做某事有困難22.put on sth. 在某物上放 put some medicine on the cut (傷口) put a bandage on it 在它上面放繃帶23. in the same way 以同樣的方式 on the way to 在去的路上 in the way 擋路out of the way 不再礙事 by the way 順便說一下 in this way 用這種方法 in a way 在某種程度上24.get an X-ray 拍X 光片 take ones temperature 量體溫 hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的熱茶 see a dentist 看牙醫(yī) go to a doctor =go to see a doctor = go to the doctors 看醫(yī)生 get off 下車-get on 上車 all weekend 整個周末 away from 遠離for too long 太長時間 on the side of the road 在馬路邊 without thinking twice 沒多想get sunburned 被曬傷 have a heart problem有心臟病 feel very hot 感到很熱t(yī)hanks to 多虧,由于(=because of =with the help of) have a nosebleed 流鼻血cut his knee 割傷他的膝蓋 put her head back 把她的頭向后仰 save a life 挽救生命in time 及時 on time 準時 do the right thing 做正確的事 go mountain climbing 去爬山Section B1.sick adj. 生病的，有病的。作表語和定語 。ill只能作表語 be /feel sick =be ill 惡心的 I feel a little sick. 厭倦的 be sick of Im sick of running .2. be used to sth./ doing sth.習慣于適應做某事(be = get = become) He is used to getting up early .be used to do sth. = be used for sth /doing被用于做某事 Wood is used to make houses .Used to do sth 過去常做某事 He used to go to work by bus .3. take a risk=take risks 冒險 the risk of sth /doing的風險 at risk 在危險中 risk to do sth. 冒險去做某事4. in a very dangerous situation 在一種非常危險的情況下5. sth. run out 某物用完，用盡 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. sb. run out of sth. 人用盡了某物。He run out of all his money last night.6.blood 血，不可數(shù)。a drop of blood 一滴血 -bloody 有血的，出血的 get out of 離開， 從出來7.mean-meant 動詞 意思是 mean doing sth 意味著做某事 打算 mean to do sth I mean to go tomorrow.meaning 名詞，含義 意思。 mean 形容詞：小氣的，吝嗇的What do you mean by the word ?= What does the word mean ?= What is the meaning of the word ?8.the importance of (doing) sth 做某事的重要性 Do you understand the importance of studying hard ?important -unimportant (不)重要的9. free 形容詞：空閑的 free time;免費的 The drink is for free;自由的 I want to become a free bird.free【動詞】使解脫，得到自由：He could not free his arm.10. make a decision to do sth.=decide to do sth = make up ones ming to do sth =determine to do sth 下決心做某事11. be in control of 掌管，管理 The headmaster is in control of this new school.be out of control 無法控制，無法管理 under control 在控制之下12. death 名詞(不)-die 動詞-dead 形容詞-dying 形容詞 ：垂死的，臨終的He is afraid of death . She died two years ago . The dog is dead . It is a dying bird.13. give up (doing) sth. 放棄(做)某事，give up (playing) computer games / Never give up easily.14.so that 以便，為的是 (當主句與從句主語一致是= in order to =so as to )He worked hard so that he could succeed. = in order to / so as to .15. be interested in = take an interest in 對感興趣16. keep on doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事，重復做(有間隔) keep doing sth (無間斷)Keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事 keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事17. cut off 切斷 cut down 砍到 cut up 切碎 cut in 插入插話 cut out 刪掉 cut 。into 把切成18.mind doing sth 介意做某事 19.lose ones way = get lost 迷路 lose to sb 輸給某人20.almost 幾乎，差不多。指程度上的空間距離，時間長短等 almost +no,none,nothing,never 等;Nearly 多用于數(shù)字習題( )1. Whats wrong with you?-I have a _.The doctor asked me not to eat anything today because I ate too much yesterday.A .toothache B. headache C. sore back C. came D. stomachache ( )2. Jack, please tell Tom to call me when he _ back. A. come B. comes D. will come( )3. she is not strong enough _ walking up mountains.A to go B going C go D went( )4. You will be late for school _ you do not get up early.A but B if C and D or( )5. I walked past the park, I saw some old people _ Chinese Taiji.A do B did C doing D are doing( )6. So many problems! I am tired.- You should try to _ them by yourself. You are not a child any longer.A get into B get off C get on D get over( )7.Our teacher often tell us _ in the river. It is dangerous.A dont swim B not swim C not to swim D not swimming( )8. You have to leave now_ you can catch the early bus.A. so that B. as soon as C. because D. although( )9.How is your grandma?-Shes fine. She used to _ TV at home after super. But now she is used to