比較級和最高級歸納總結(jié).ppt

Unit7Whatsthehighestmountainintheworld?,Grammarfocus,Whatsthehighestmountainintheworld?Qomolangma.HowhighisQomolangma?Its8,844.43metershigh.Itshigherthananyothermountain.,Whichisthedeepestsaltlakeintheworld?TheCaspianSeaisthedeepestofallthesaltlakes.DidyouknowthatChinaisoneoftheoldestcountriesintheworld?zxxkYes,Idid.ItsmucholderthantheUS.,大多數(shù)形容詞有三個級。1.原級:Structure:as.as.像.一樣e.g.TimisastallasTom.2.比較級(用于兩者之間的比較):Structure：形容詞比較級than.e.g.Thisboxisbiggerthanthatone.,形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級,3.最高級(用于三者或三者以上的比較):Structure:the+形容詞的最高級of/in.e.g.Tomistheheaviestinourclass.Heisthemostpopularinourschool.,規(guī)則變化1)一般情況下，單音節(jié)或雙音節(jié)的形容詞/副詞比較級er，最高級est。如:clevercleverercleverestfewfewerfewestsmallsmallersmallest等。,形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化,2)以e結(jié)尾的詞，比較級r，最高級st即可。如：nicenicernicestcutecutercutestlargelargerlargest3)以輔音字母y結(jié)尾的變y為ier或est如:easyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiest再如：early,busy,heavy,dirty,lazy也如此。,4)重讀閉音節(jié)，單輔音結(jié)尾的，雙寫這個輔音字母er或est的詞：fatfatterfattestthinthinnerthinnesthothotterhottestredredderreddestwetwetterwettestbigbiggerbiggestzx。xk,5)多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)的詞需要在形容詞原級前more構(gòu)成比較級，themost構(gòu)成最高級。如：beautifulmorebeautifulthemostbeautiful又如:delicious,popular,important,interesting,expensive,creative雙音節(jié)的詞如:carefulmorecarefulthemostcarefulusefulmoreusefulthemostuseful,少數(shù)單音節(jié)詞也是這樣，如：pleasedmorepleasedthemostpleasedtiredmoretiredthemosttiredb)不規(guī)則變化：goodbetterbestwellbetterbestbadworseworstmany/muchmoremost,farfartherfarthest(距離遠)farfurtherfurthest(程度深)oldeldereldest(長幼)oldolderoldest(年齡),二、用法1.比較級表示兩者(人或事物)的比較。eg.IamtallerthanTom.Mydressismorebeautifulthanhers.2.最高級表示三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比較,其中有一個在某一方面超過其他幾個時,用最高級。最高級的前面一般要加定冠詞the,后面可帶of(in)短語來說明比較的范圍。如：Sheistheyoungestintheclass.Jasonisthetallestofthethree.Whosehandwritingisthebestofall?,3.在形容詞比較級前還可用much,even,still,alittle來修飾,表示“的多”,“甚至”,“更”,“一些”。如：Thiscityismuchmorebeautifulthanbefore.Shesalittlemoreoutgoingthanme.Itsalittlecoldertoday.4.“比較級and比較級”意為“越來越”。多音節(jié)比較級用“moreandmore形容詞原級”形式。如：Itsgettingworseandworse.Thegroupbecamemoreandmorepopular.,5.“Which/Whois+比較級？”比較A、B兩事物,問其中哪一個較時用此句型。如：WhichT-shirtisnicer,thisoneorthatone?Whoismoreactive,MaryorKate?Whichoneismorepopularamongstudents,goingtoconcertsorgoingtomovies?,6.使用形容詞比較級時需注意以下幾點：1)than后面接代詞時,一般要用主格形式，但在口語中也可使用賓格形式。如：MybrotheristallerthanI/me.2)當(dāng)需要表示一方超過另一方的程度時，可以用much,alot,alittle,abit,even,still等來修飾形容詞比較級。注意:比較級不能用very,so,too,quite等修飾。如：HeismuchmoreseriousthanSam.,3)形容詞比較級后面往往用連詞than連接另一個比較的人或事物,但在上下文明確的情況下,形容詞比較級可單獨使用。如：Mysisteristall,butmyauntistaller.我姐姐個子高,但我姑姑個子更高。,原級比較,表示兩者之間沒有差別時,使用原級比較：主語(第一個人物)+謂語動詞+as+形容詞/副詞原級+as+第二個人物+.如：Heisasexcitedashisyoungersister.他和他妹妹一樣興奮。Lilyrodeherbikeasslowlyasanoldlady.莉莉騎車像老太太一樣慢。Theypickedasmanyapplesasthefarmers.他們摘的蘋果和農(nóng)民一樣多。,表示第一個人比不上第二個人時,使用句型:主語(第一個人物)+謂語動詞(否定式)+as/so+形容詞/副詞原級+asHeisnotso/asexcitedashisyoungersister.他沒他妹妹那么興奮。Lilydidnotrideherbikeso/asslowlyasanoldlady.莉莉騎車不像老太太那樣慢。Theydidntpickso/asmanyapplesasthefarmers(did).他們摘的蘋果不如農(nóng)民多。,三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度時，用“the+最高級”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。這種句式一般常有表示比較范圍的介詞短語。例如：ZhangHuaisthetallestofthethree.Heworks(the)hardestinhisclass.,最高級的用法,2.最高級可被序數(shù)詞以及much，byfar，nearly，almost，bynomeans，notquite，notreally，nothinglike等詞語所修飾。例如：Thishatisbyfarmuchnearlyalmostnotnearlybynomeansnotquitenothinglikethebiggest.Howmuchdidthesecondmostexpensivehatcoat?,3.表示“最高程度”的形容詞，如excellent，extreme，perfect等，沒有最高級，也不能用比較級。4.形容詞最高級修飾作表語或介詞賓語的名詞、代詞時，被修飾的詞往往省略。e.g.Heisthetallest(boy)inhisclass.5.作狀語的副詞最高級前可以不加定冠詞。e.g.Ofalltheboyshecame(the)earliest.,比較級考點比較級修飾問題alittle,abit,even,still,much,alot,far等可修飾比較級。e.g.TomisalittletallerthanJim.Thisbookismuchmoreinterestingthanthatone.,中考鏈接,同級比較e.g.TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinXian.Ourschoolisbiggerthanyours.the+比較級e.g.Lucyisthefatterofthetwogirls.,“a/an+比較級”表示“又一，再一”e.g.Lilyhasadoll,butshewantsabiggerone.隱性比較（沒有than的情況）e.g.Whorunsfaster,LucyorLily?Youdbettercomeearliernexttime.Heworkedhardlastterm,butheworksevenharderthisterm.,越來越.比較級+and+比較級b.the+比較級+句子，the+比較級+句子e.g.Itsgettingcolderandcolder.Themoreyouexercise,thebetteryouare.,2.最高級考點說明：形容詞的最高級前必須加the；副詞的最高級前省略the。范圍問題e.g.Tomisthetalleststudentintheclass.Springisthebestseasonoftheyear.,“.之一”問題e.g.Beijingisoneofthebiggestcitiesintheworld.“the+序數(shù)詞+最高級”e.g.Ithinkheisthesecondtallestboyinhisclass.,3.比較級和最高級的轉(zhuǎn)換e.g.Tomisthetalleststudentintheclass.=Tomistallerthananyotherstudentintheclass.=Tomistallerthanalltheotherstudentsintheclass.=NootherstudentsaretallerthanTom.,總結(jié)：anyother+名詞單數(shù)theother+名詞復(fù)數(shù)否定+比較級=最高級比較級+極限=最高級,同級比較as+adj./adv.+ase.g.SheisasthinasLily.HewritesascarefullyasLinda.not+as/so+adj./adv.+ase.g.TonydidntrunsofastasCarter.,1.Ourfamilyhasboughtacarsowecantravel_thanbefore.（2008陜西）mosteasilyB.lesseasilyC.easilyD.moreeasily2.Myfathertoldmeastorylastnight.Itis_oneIveeverheard.（2009陜西）thefunniestB.funniestC.funnierD.thefunnier,學(xué)以致用,D,A,3.The_friendsyouhave,the_youwillbe.（2010陜西）A.more,happyB.many,happyC.more,happierD.many,happier4.Whenheheardacryforhelp,heranoutas_ashecould.（2011陜西）hardlyB.quicklyC.finallyD.slowly,C,B,5.ThisplaceisnotbigenoughforLucysbirthdayparty.Weshouldfinda_one.（2012陜西）bigB.smallC.biggerD.smaller,C,Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.,bigmuchpopularlongoldhigh,1.TheAmazonRiverisoneofthe_riversintheworld.Itsalittle_thantheYangtzeRiver.2.Qomolangmais8,844.43meters_.Itsoneofthemost_placesforseriousmountainclimbers.,longest,longer,high,popular,4a,3.Nooceanintheworldisas_asthePacificOcean.4.AlthoughJapanis_thanCanada,itis_smaller.,big,older,much,太平洋,n.大海；海洋,Writetwocomparisonsabouttwotopics.Writetruefacts.,Tworivers:_and_,e.g.,4b,TheYangtzeRiverisalmostaslongastheAmazonRiver.TheAmazonislongerthantheYangtze,buttheYangtzeRiveristhelongestriverinChina.,theYangtzeRiver,theAmazonRiver,Twocities:_and_1._.2._.,Twoanimals:_and_1._.2._.,Writefivequestionsusingcomparisons.Thenaskyourpartneryourquestions.,Writing,1._2._3._4._5._,e.g.,4c,Whatisthehighestbuildinginourcity?,Exercises,1.Sheis_than_.A.busier/usB.busier/weC.morebusy/u