2007年10月自學考試現(xiàn)代語言學試題.doc

自考網絡培訓班(/zk/kc/)-精品課程在線免費試聽聯(lián)展自考網(/zk/ks/)-中國最好的自考輔導資料網站全國2007年10月高等教育自學考試現(xiàn)代語言學試題課程代碼：00830I.Directions:Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,C,orDinthebrackets.(2%10=20%)1.Designfeaturesrefertothedefiningpropertiesofhumanlanguagethatdistinguishitfromany_systemofcommunication.A.artificialB.non-linguisticC.animalD.abstract2.Ifyouputafingerineachearandsay“z-z-z-z-z”,youcanfeelthevibrationsofthe_.A.glottisB.windpipeC.larynxD.vocalcords3.Inthewordsuitable,“-able”isa_morpheme.A.derivationalB.inflectionalC.rootD.stem4._isasubfieldoflinguisticsthatstudiesthesentencestructureoflanguage,i.e.howwordsarearrangedinasentenceandinwhatorder.A.MorphologyB.SyntaxC.PhonologyD.Semantics5.Whetherasentenceissemanticallymeaningfulisgovernedbyrulescalled_.A.selectionalrestrictionsB.grammaticalrulesC.phrasestructurerulesD.phonologicalrules6.Ifasentenceisregardedaswhatpeopleactuallyutterinthecourseofcommunication,itbecomesa(n)_.A.clauseB.speechC.utteranceD.predication7.ThediscoveryofIndo-Europeanbeganwiththeworkof_,whodeliveredanimportantpaperin1786inwhichhesuggestedthatSanskritboreastrongeraffinitytoGreekandLatin.A.theBritishscholarSirWilliamJonesB.theGermanlinguistFranzBoppC.theDanishscholarRasmusRaskD.theGermanscholarJacobGrimm8.Theimportantcharacteristicofaspeechcommunityisthatthemembersofthegroupmust,insomereasonableway,interact_withothermembersofthecommunity.A.geographicallyB.linguisticallyC.sociallyD.psycholinguistically9.Theviewthathumanbrainisthesourceofhumanlanguageandcognitiongoesback_.A.lessthan1000yearsB.over2000yearsC.lessthan2000yearsD.over3000years10.Languageacquisitionisprimarilytheacquisitionofthe_systemoflanguage.A.phonologicalB.semanticC.grammaticalD.communicativeII.Directions:Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinONEwordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.(1%自考網絡培訓班(/zk/kc/)-精品課程在線免費試聽聯(lián)展自考網(/zk/ks/)-中國最好的自考輔導資料網站10=10%)11.Lisgenerallyknownasthescientificandsystematicstudyoflanguage.12.Speechsoundscanbedescribedinphysicaloraterms.Physically,soundsaretransmittedthroughtheairfromonepersontoanother.13.Themorphemesthatareindependentunitsofmeaningandcanbeusedfreelyallbythemselvesarecalledfmorphemes.14.Asimplesentenceconsistsofasinglecwhichcontainsasubjectandapredicateandstandsaloneasitsownsentence.15.Canalysisisbaseduponthebeliefthatthemeaningofawordcanbedividedintomeaningcomponents.16.AccordingtoSearle,sactsfallintofivegeneralcategories,i.e.,therearefivegeneraltypesofthingswedowithlanguage.17.Inhistoricallinguistics,languagechangereferstothestudyofthedprocessesofchangeinlanguageelementsandlanguagesystems.18.Dialectaldiversitydevelopswhenpeopleareseparatedfromeachothergandsocially.Thechangesthatoccurinthelanguagespokeninoneareaorgroupdonotnecessarilyspreadtoanother.19.Languagefunctionsarebelievedtobelateralizedprimarilyinthe1hemisphereofthebrain.20.Forthevastmajorityofchildren,languagedevelopmentoccursspontaneouslyandrequireslittleconsciousionthepartofadults.llI.Directions:Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse,youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.(2%10=20%)21.()Languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedforhumancommunication.22.()Weusedarkattheendofawordafteravowelorbeforeaconsonant,suchasfeelfi:andlittlelIt,andclear1beforeavowel,suchasloaflf.Fromthephonologicalpointofview,darkandclear1arethetwodifferentsounds.23.()Theoreticallyspeaking,acompoundcanbeacombinationoftwowordsofanypartsofspeech.自考網絡培訓班(/zk/kc/)-精品課程在線免費試聽聯(lián)展自考網(/zk/ks/)-中國最好的自考輔導資料網站24.()Thelevelofsyntacticrepresentationbeforetheoperationofnecessarymovementiswhatwecalldeepstructure.25.()Senseandreferenceareofthesamethinginmeaningstudy.26.()PaulGricethoughtthatinmakingconversation,theparticipantsmustfirstofallbewillingtocooperate.27.()Thewordknightoncemeant“youth”,butwaselevatedinmeaningintimefortheageofchivalry.Thisisanexampleofsemanticbroadening.28.()Inmedievaltimes,atradelanguagecameintouseintheMediterraneanports.ItconsistedofItalianmixedwithFrench,Spanish,Greek,Arabic,andTurkish,anditwascalledLinguaFranca,“Frankishlanguage.”Thetermlinguafrancawasgeneralizedtootherlanguagessimilarlyused.Thus,anylanguagecanbealinguafranca.29.()Aristotlesuggestedthatthoughtwasthesoulsdiscoursewithitself.30.()Somelanguagesaremorechallengingtoacquireasafirstlanguage.Directions:Explainthefollowingterms,usingoneortwoexamplesforillustration.(3%10=30%)31.plementaryantonyms38.conversationalimplicature39.languageplanning40.psycholinguisticsV.Answerthefollowingquestions.(10%2=20%)41Exp