數(shù)控仿真技術(shù)外文翻譯、數(shù)控編程張英文翻譯、外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯

外文原文： The numerical control simulation technology 1、 computer simulation concept and the application Looked from the project angle that, the simulation was through studies one to the system model experiment to have or in the design system. Analyzes the complex dynamic object, the simulation is one effective method, may reduce the risk, reduces cycle which designs and makes, and saves the investment. The computer simulation is draws support from the computer, the use system model conducts the experimental study to the actual system the process. But it develops rapidly along with the computer technology development, holds the more and more important status in the simulation. The computer simulation process may the essential factor three basic activities which through shown in Figure 1 describe: The modelling activity is through to the actual system observation or the examination, and cannot examine the variable in the neglect secondary factor in the foundation, carries on the description with physical or mathematics method, thus obtains the actual system the simplification approximate model. Here model should have the similarity with between the actual system function and the parameter and the correspondence. The simulation model is (simplification model) carries on certain algorithm processing to the system mathematical model, after causes it to become the appropriate form (for example becomes numerical integration iterative computation model), becomes can by the computer accept “may calculate the model”. The simulation model says to the actual system is a model which two times simplifies. The simulation experiment is refers the system simulation model the process which moves on the computer. The simulation is studies the actual system through the experiment one kind of technology, may clarify the system intrinsic structure variable and the environmental condition influence through the simulation technology. The computer simulation technology trend of development mainly displays in two aspects: Application domain expansion and simulation computer intellectualization. Not only the computer simulation technology in the traditional project area of technology (aspects and so on aviation, astronautics, chemical industry) continues to develop, moreover expands to the social economy, the biology and so on many non-project domains, in addition, technical and so on parallel processing, artificial intelligence, knowledge library and expert system development are affecting the simulation computer development. The numerical control processing simulation simulates the actual processing process using the computer, is confirms the numerical control processing procedure the reliability and the forecast cutting process powerful tool, reduces the work piece to try to cut, enhances the production efficiency. 2、 numerical control simulation technology research present situation Numerical control engine bed processing components are depend on the numerical control instruction procedure control to complete. In order to guarantee the numerical control procedure the accuracy, prevented in the processing process the interference and the collision occurrence, in the actual production, often uses the method which tries to cut to carry on the examination. But this method requires a lot of work uses a lot of material, the price is expensive, causes the production cost rise, increased the product process period and the production cycle. Afterwards used the track display law, namely delimited the needle or the pen replaces the cutting tool, replaced the work piece by the color plate or the paper to come the simulation cutting tool path the two-dimensional graph (also to be possible to demonstrate two-dimensional half processing path), had the quite big limitation. Regarding work piece three dimensional and multi-dimensional processing, also useful easy to cut the material replaces the work piece (for example, paraffin wax, lumber, modified resin and plastic and so on) examine the processing the cutting path. But, tries to take the numerical control engine bed vitally and to process the scene. Therefore, the people can gradually replace the computer simulation method continuously in the research which tries to cut, and was trying to cut aspects and so on environment simulation, simulation computation and graphical display has made the important progress, at present to is enhancing the model the precision, the simulation calculates the solid current events and improvement graphical display directions and so on third dimension develops. From tries to cut the environment the model characteristic to look that, at present the NC cutting process simulation is divided the geometry simulation and the mechanics simulation two aspects. The geometry simulation did not consider the cutting parameter, the cutting force and other physical factor influence, only the simulation cutting tool work piece geometric solid movement, confirms the NC procedure the accuracy. It may reduce or the elimination the engine bed damage, the jig which causes because of the program error destroys or the cutting tool breaks off, questions and so on components abandonment； Simultaneously may reduce from the product designs to the manufacture time, reduces the production cost. The cutting process mechanics simulation belongs to the physical simulation category, it through the simulation cutting process dynamic mechanics characteristic forecast the cutting tool breakage, the cutting tool vibrate, the control cutting parameter, thus achieves the optimized cutting process the goal. The geometry simulation technology development is, including the qualitative graphical display and the quota interference which develops along with the geometry modeling technology development confirms two aspects. At present the commonly used method has the direct entity model theory, asks based on the image space method and the separate vector to hand over the law. 3、 direct entity model theory This method is refers to the enveloping body which the work piece body and the cutting tool movement forms to carry on the entity Boolean difference operation, the work piece body three-dimensional model along with the cutting process is renewed unceasingly. Sungurtekin and Velcker have developed a milling machine analogous system. This system uses the CSG law to record the semifinished materials the three-dimensional model, uses some base map Yuan like cuboid, the circular cylinder, the cone and so on, with the set operation, specially and operates, scans the semifinished materials and a series of cutting tools the region to record, then the application difference of sets operation from the semifinished materials the order except has scanned the region. So-called the region which has swept the region is refers the cutting tool along some path movement when passes through. After scanned each section of NC code to demonstrate changed semifinished materials shape. Kawashima and so on the joint tree law and cuts the semifinished materials the region to set up with the joint (graftree) to indicate that, namely except spatial and the full two kind of points, the boundary point also took eight forks set up (octtree) the leaf point. The boundary point contains the half space, the point object use expressed on these half space CSG operation. The joint tree subdivides level half space integer decision which permits by the boundary point. The gradually cutting simulation and cuts the region using the semifinished materials the difference operation to realize. The semifinished materials demonstration has used the depth buffer algorithm, the semifinished materials division is the polygon realization semifinished materials visualization. With semifinished materials real-time visualization which renews continuously based on the entity modelling method realization, consumes when too is long, therefore some are raised based on the observation method. 譯文： 數(shù)控仿真技術(shù) 1計算機(jī)仿真的概念及應(yīng)用 從工程的角度來看，仿真就是通過對系統(tǒng)模型的實驗去研究一個已有的或設(shè)計中的系統(tǒng)。分析復(fù)雜的動態(tài)對象，仿真是一種有效的方法，可以減少風(fēng)險，縮短設(shè)計和制造的周期，并節(jié)約投資。計算機(jī)仿真就是借助計算機(jī)，利用系統(tǒng)模型對實際系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行實驗研究的過程。它隨著計算機(jī)技術(shù)的發(fā)展而迅速地發(fā)展，在仿真中占有越來越重要的地 位。計算機(jī)仿真的過程可通過圖 1 所示的要素間的三個基本活動來描述： 建模活動是通過對實際系統(tǒng)的觀測或檢測，在忽略次要因素及不可檢測變量的基礎(chǔ)上，用物理或數(shù)學(xué)的方法進(jìn)行描述，從而獲得實際系統(tǒng)的簡化近似模型。這里的模型同實際系統(tǒng)的功能與參數(shù)之間應(yīng)具有相似性和對應(yīng)性。 仿真模型是對系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型（簡化模型）進(jìn)行一定的算法處理，使其成為合適的形式（如將數(shù)值積分變?yōu)榈\算模型）之后，成為能被計算機(jī)接受的“可計算模型”。仿真模型對實際系統(tǒng)來講是一個二次簡化的模型。 仿真實驗是指將系統(tǒng)的仿真模型在計算機(jī)上運行的過程。仿真 是通過實驗來研究實際系統(tǒng)的一種技術(shù)，通過仿真技術(shù)可以弄清系統(tǒng)內(nèi)在結(jié)構(gòu)變量和環(huán)境條件的影響。 計算機(jī)仿真技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢主要表現(xiàn)在兩個方面：應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域的擴(kuò)大和仿真計算機(jī)的智能化。計算機(jī)仿真技術(shù)不僅在傳統(tǒng)的工程技術(shù)領(lǐng)域（航空、航天、化工等方面）繼續(xù)發(fā)展，而且擴(kuò)大到社會經(jīng)濟(jì)、生物等許多非工程領(lǐng)域，此外，并行處理、人工智能、知識庫和專家系統(tǒng)等技術(shù)的發(fā)展正影響著仿真計算機(jī)的發(fā)展。 數(shù)控加工仿真利用計算機(jī)來模擬實際的加工過程，是驗證數(shù)控加工程序的可靠性和預(yù)測切削過程的有力工具，以減少工件的試切，提高生產(chǎn)效率。 2數(shù)控仿真技 術(shù)的研究現(xiàn)狀 數(shù)控機(jī)床加工零件是靠數(shù)控指令程序控制完成的。為確保數(shù)控程序的正確性，防止加工過程中干涉和碰撞的發(fā)生，在實際生產(chǎn)中，常采用試切的方法進(jìn)行檢驗。但這種方法費工費料，代價昂貴，使生產(chǎn)成本上升，增加了產(chǎn)品加工時間和生產(chǎn)周期。后來又采用軌跡顯示法，即以劃針或筆代替刀具，以著色板或紙代替工件來仿真刀具運動軌跡的二維圖形（也可以顯示二維半的加工軌跡），