2011年職稱英語等級考試衛(wèi)生類完型填空共15篇

閱讀下面的短文。短文中有 15 個空白，在文章的后面，每一個空白都列出了四個備選答案。請根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇合適的詞或短語填在空白處。 第一篇 Better Control of TB seen if a faster cure is found The World Health Organization1 estimates that about one third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis . Most times， the infection remains inactive. But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB， usually in their _1_. Two million people die _2_ it. The disease has _3_ with the spread of AIDS and drug resistant forms of tuberculosis. Current treatments take at least six months. Patients have to _4_ a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily. But many people stop _5_ they feel better. Doing that can _6_ to an infection that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how _7_ it might be. A professor of international health at Harvard University2 led the study. Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients _8_. It would also mean _9_ infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others. The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two month treatment plan. They _10_ the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. And it might _11_ about twenty five percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these _12_ would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty. That is， if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve. The World Health Organization _13_ the DOTS3 program in nineteen ninety. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment ， Short course. Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make _14_ they continue treatment. Earlier this year， an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program. The ten year plan also aims to finance research _15_ new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old. The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development4 says its long term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses. 詞匯： bacterium n. 細(xì)菌 tuberculosis n. 結(jié)核（?。?inactive adj. 不活躍的，非活動性的 antibiotic adj. 抗生的 n. 抗生素 alliance n. 同盟，聯(lián)盟 注釋： 1. World Health Organization ：世界衛(wèi)生組織 2. Harvard University ：（美國）哈佛大學(xué) 3. DOTS ：短期直接觀察治療 4. Global Alliance for TB Drug Development：全球結(jié)核病藥物開發(fā)聯(lián)盟 練習(xí)： 1. A） kidneys B） lungs C） bones D） livers 2. A） with B） without C） of D） out of 3. A） increased B） decreased C） changed D） disappeared 4. A） make B） take C） try D） test 5. A） as if B） as though C） as far as D） as soon as 6. A） refer B） apply C） lead D） amount 7. A） effective B） ineffective C） expensive D） inexpensive 8. A） cured B） to cure C） being cured D） having been cured 9. A） many B） more C） few D） fewer 10. A） provided B） introduced C） tested D） tempted 11. A） bring about B） contributed to C） promote D） prevent 12. A） increases B） reductions C） creations D） collections 13. A） developed B） invented C） delayed D） refused 14. A） easy B） uneasy C） sure D） unsure 15. A） with B） to C） onto D） into 參考答案： 1.B 結(jié)核病多發(fā)于肺部，這是一般的 常識。 2.C die of 意思是死于某種疾病，其它三個介詞都不與 die 搭配。 3.A 本句后半部說到，由于艾滋病的傳播和抗藥型結(jié)核病的出現(xiàn)，那么根據(jù)推理，結(jié)核病自然應(yīng)該增加，而不可能減少或消失。至于變化，不應(yīng)該是結(jié)核病本身發(fā)生變化，而應(yīng)該是發(fā)病率發(fā)生變化。 4.B 從本句的前后句可以推測到本句想說的是病人每天必須服用幾種抗生素藥物，而服藥只能選擇 take，其它幾個動詞都不合適。 5.D 答題時請注意句首的 But 這個詞，顯然與上句意思發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)折，而四個選項(xiàng)中 as if、 as though 都是仿佛，宛 如的意思， as far as 則是至于的意思，填在這里均不合適，只有as soon as （一）才恰當(dāng)。 6.C 本空白處后面有介詞 to，雖然這幾個選項(xiàng)均可與 to 連用，但意思各不相同： refer to：談及，參考； apply to：接洽，適用于； lead to：導(dǎo)致； amount to：合計(jì)，總共達(dá)現(xiàn)在有一項(xiàng)新的研究想評估這種速效治療劑究竟效力有多大。 8.A 本句考查的是語法。根據(jù)所給的動詞，我們可以猜到本句想說的是 Joshua Salomon說，療程較短的治療計(jì)劃可能意味著不僅僅是更多病人被治好。這里從 語法分析，應(yīng)該是缺一個定語，修飾 patients， cure 是一個及物動詞，病人應(yīng)是被治療者： B 項(xiàng) to cure 不能表示被動； C 和 D 雖然有表示被動的意思，但是 C 是正在被治療， D 是已經(jīng)被治療，兩者隱含的時態(tài)在這里均不合適，只有 A 才是恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?9.D 前句說到更多病人可以治愈，根據(jù)推理，后句應(yīng)該是將感染傳遞給別人的傳染病人就會更少，因?yàn)榍昂髢删鋵?shí)際上具有因果關(guān)系。這里必須用比較級 fewer，因?yàn)?few 是表示不多的，幾乎沒有的（ not many），而 fewer 則只是與以前比較更少，并沒有明確多少。 10.C 只有填 C 項(xiàng) tested（檢驗(yàn)）才能符合上下文意思，其它三項(xiàng)不僅詞義不合適，詞的用法也不對。 11.D 空白處的上一句實(shí)際上起到提示作用：兩個月的治療方案可以防止大約 20%的新病例，后句自然應(yīng)是也可能防止大約 20%的結(jié)核病死亡。其它三個選項(xiàng)詞義均相反。 12.B 上面兩句說到可以防止大約 20%的新病例和可能防止大約 20%的死亡，這自然是降低，絕不可能是增加，更不是創(chuàng)作品、收藏品。 13.A 空白處的上一句實(shí)際上也起到提示作用，可以推測，本句應(yīng)該是制訂 DOTS 計(jì)劃，而四個選項(xiàng)中只有 A 項(xiàng)有制訂的意思，計(jì) 劃也不可能是發(fā)明，從上下文分析，更不可能是推遲或拒絕。 14.C DOTS 計(jì)劃其中就包含直接觀察的意思，本句中也說到醫(yī)務(wù)人員看著結(jié)核病人每天服藥，目的自然是要確信他們繼續(xù)治療， C 項(xiàng) make sure 正是確信的意思。 15.D research 后面常用 on 或 into，偶爾也用 for 或 after，例如： a research for/after facts（對事實(shí)的調(diào)查），但不與其它三個選項(xiàng)連用。 閱讀下面的短文。短文中有 15 個空白，在文章的后面，每一個空白都列出了四個備選答案。請根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇合 適的詞或短語填在空白處。（ 2010 年新增） 第二篇 8 New York Students Have Swine Flu The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has confirmed 1 of swine flu in eight students at a New York preparatory school, Mayor Michael Bloomberg said Sunday. The students have had only 2 symptoms and none have been hospitalized, he said. Some of the students have already recovered. More than 100 students were absent from 3 due to flu-like symptoms last week. New York health officials tested samples for eight students Saturday and determined the students were probably 4 from swine flu, and the CDC confirmed the 5 on Sunday, Bloomberg said. The announcement brings the 6 of confirmed swine flu cases in the United States to 20. Bloomberg and New York Health Commissioner Tom Frieden said there is no 7 of a citywide outbreak of the flu, and no sign of a potential 8 of swine flu at other schools. Some students at the school 9 spring break1 in Mexico, Bloomberg said,but authorities have not determined 10 any of the students with a confirmed case of swine flu was in Mexico. Someone who traveled to Mexico may not have had any flu symptoms but 11 on the flu to someone else, he noted. Frieden called 12 students who are home sick to stay home for 48 hours after their symptoms subside. If symptoms are normal for a regular kind of flu, there is 13 need to go to a hospital, said Bloomberg. If symptoms become severe, as with any 14 , people should go to the hospital, he said. St. Francis, which has 2,700 students, announced it will remain closed for two days. 15 whether the students illnesses have been minor because theyre young and healthy or because it is a minor strain of the virus, Frieden responded, We dont know. 詞匯 swine n.豬 preparatory adj. 預(yù)備教育的，預(yù)科的 outbreak n. 爆發(fā) subside v. 消失，消退 strain （菌）株，（菌）系 注釋 1. spring break: (美 )春假（在校生復(fù)活節(jié)期間一周的假期） 練習(xí) 1. A cases B bases C does D noses 2. A common B physical C mild D wild 3. A work B home C school D hospital 4. A escaping B surviving C dying D suffering 5. A treatment B diagnosis C doubt D choice 6. A point B number C spread D value 7. A chance B need C hope D sign 8. A welcome B outbreak C success D injury 9. A spent B made C took D traveled 10. A why B how C when D whether 11. A passed B kept C rolled D swept 12. A at B up C on D of 13. A no B much C any D a 14. A person B matter C thing D illness 15. A Asked B Tested C Troubled D Doubted 答案與題解 1. A 從短文的題目可以看出，紐約有 8 名學(xué)生患了豬流感，所以此處應(yīng)為流感病例。 2. C 從上下文得知，患病的學(xué)生中沒有人住院，有一些已經(jīng)康復(fù)，因此他們的癥狀應(yīng)該是比較輕的。 3. C 學(xué)校里的學(xué)生有了流感樣的癥狀，肯定是沒能上學(xué)。 4. D 從上下文可以看出，紐約衛(wèi)生官員檢驗(yàn)了 8 名學(xué)生的血樣后斷定他們很可能是患上了豬流感。 5. B 疾病防控中心對紐約衛(wèi)生官員的診斷予以證實(shí)。 6. B 顯然此處應(yīng)為確診的豬流感患者數(shù)量。 7. D 從上下文和接下來的 no sign就可以推斷出此處應(yīng)為 同樣的表達(dá)方式。 8. B 從上下文和前面的 outbreak就可以推斷出此處應(yīng)為同樣的表達(dá)方式。 9. A 學(xué)校的一些學(xué)生是在墨西哥度的春假。 10. D 從上下文可知，當(dāng)局尚未確定確診為豬流感的學(xué)生中是否有誰去過墨西哥。 11. A 從上下文可以得知，某位去墨西哥旅游的學(xué)生自己可能沒有表現(xiàn)出任何流感癥狀，但卻把流感傳給了其他某個人。 12. C 呼吁某人做某事用英語表達(dá)應(yīng)為： call on somebody to do something： 13. A 接下來一句說，如果癥狀嚴(yán)重，人們應(yīng)該去醫(yī)院。這是 一個轉(zhuǎn)折句，因此前面的句子應(yīng)該相反，即沒有必要上醫(yī)院。 14. D 不僅是流感，而是任何疾病，只要癥狀加重，都應(yīng)該去醫(yī)院。 15. A 從后面的 responded一詞可以斷定前面應(yīng)該是 被問到 ，即 Asked。 閱讀下面的短文。短文中有 15 個空白，在文章的后面，每一個空白都列出了四個備選答案。請根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇合適的詞或短語填在空白處。 第三篇 One Good Reason to Let Smallpox Live Its now a fair bet that we will never s ee the total extinction of the smallpox virus. The idea was to cap the glorious achievement of 1980, when smallpox was eradicated in the wild, by destroying the killer virus in the last two labs that are supposed to have it one in the US 和 one in Russia. If smallpox had truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves? _1_reality, of course, it was naive to_2_that everyone would let_3_of such a potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have_4_vials._5_the last “official” stocks of lice virus bred mistrust of the US 和 Russia, _6_no obvious gain. Now American researchers have _7_ an animal model of the human disease, opening the _8_ for tests on new treatments 和 vaccines. So one again theres a good reason to_9_the virus just in_10_the disease puts in a reappearance. How do we_11_with the mistrust of the US 和 Russia? _12_. Keep the virus_13_international auspices in a well-guarded UN laboratory thats open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it rejects a multilateral approach to just about everything. But it doesnt_14_the idea is wrong. If the virus_15_useful, then lets make it the servant of all humanity not just a part of it. 1. A) In B) On C) At D) For 2. A) knowB) imagine C) realizeD) be aware 3. A) to goB) going C) go D) went 4. A) muchB) more C) most D) a few 5. A) 和 B) While C) Whereas D) Although 6. A) sinceB) for C) because D) of 7. A) looked for B) sought C) foundD) talked about 8. A) method B) roadC) street D) way 9. A) keep B) put C) destroy D) eradicate 10. A) needB) caseC) necessity D) time 11. A) h 和 le B) tackle C) deal D) treat 12. A) Difficult B) Hard C) Safe D) Simple 13. A) under B) in C) on D) for 14. A) say B) mean C) state D) declare 15. A) will be B) would be C) is D) are A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C 閱讀下面的短文。短文中有 15 個空白，在文章的后面，每一個空白都列出了四個備選答案。請根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇合適的詞或短語填在空白處。 第四篇 Diet， Alcohol Linked to Nearly One Third of Cancers Diet is second only to tobacco as a leading _1_ of cancer and， along with alcohol， is responsible for nearly one third of cases of the disease _2_developed countries， a leading researcher said on Tuesday. Dr.Tim Kev， of the University of Oxford， told a cancer conference that scientists are still discovering how certain foods contribute to _3_， but they know that diet，alcohol and obesity _4_ a major role. “Five percent of cancers could be avoided _5_ nobody was obese， ”he said. While tobacco is linked to about 30 _6_ of cancer cases， diet is involved in all estimated 25 percent and alcohol _7_ about six percent. Obesity raises the _8_of breast， womb， bowel and kidney cancer， while alcohol is known to cause cancers of the mouth， throat and liver.Its dangerous impact is _9_ when combined with smoking. Key told the meeting of the charity Cancer Research UK _10_other elements of diet linked to cancer are _11_ unknown but scientists are hoping that the EPIC study， which is comparing the diets of 500， 000 people in 1 0 countries and their risk of cancer， will provide some _12_. Early results of the study have revealed that Norway， Sweden and Denmark have the consumption of fruit and vegetables among European countries while Italy and Spain have the highest.Eating at _14_five portions of fruit and vegetables a day is recommended to reduce the risk of cancer. Key， principal scientist on the EPIC study， said it is looking at dietary links to some of the most common cancers _ 1 5 _colorectal， breast and prostate. 詞匯： obesity n.肥胖 bowel n.腸 dietary adi.飲食的 prostate/ adi.前列腺的 obese adj.肥胖的 womb n.子宮 Colorectal adj.結(jié)腸直腸的 1. A. course B. cause C. court D. reason 2. A. on B. up C. in D. down 3. A. cancer B. health C. disease D. man 4. A. dance B. turn C. take D. play 5. A. while B. if C. unless D. since 6. A. percent B. countries C. people D. number 7. A. at B. in C. of D. for 8. A. risk B. degree C. presence D. place 9. A. reduced B. increased C. mysterious D. seen 10.A. whether B. why C. that D. if 11.A. still B. also C. although D. however 12.A. decisions B. questions C. answers D. needs 13.A. lowest B. enough C. daily D. perfect 14.A. home B. most C. least D. best 15.A. causing B. including C. illustration D. defining 參考答案： 1.B 從文章的題目可以得知，文章的主要內(nèi)容涉及飲食、酒精與癌癥的關(guān)系。不難看出，文章一開頭講的就是飲食是導(dǎo)致癌癥的主要原因之一，吸煙排名第一，飲食緊跟其后。 2.C 此處要表達(dá)的意思是 “ 在發(fā)達(dá)國家里 ” 。 3.A 既然文章主要涉及飲食、酒精與癌癥的關(guān)系，因此，此處應(yīng)選 “ 癌癥 ” 一詞。 4.D 從接下來的 “ 角色 ” 一詞，便可得知此處應(yīng)選能與之搭配的 “ 扮演 ” 一詞。 5.B 前一句講道，飲食、喝酒與肥胖在癌癥發(fā)生的過程中扮演重要角色，此句應(yīng)為虛擬句，表示假設(shè)。 6.A 從句子的主旬不難看出，此處表示的是百分之多少的意思。 7 B 此處應(yīng)該填一個與前面介詞 “in” 一樣的介詞。 8.A 顯然，此處要表示的意思是肥胖增加某些類癌癥的危險。 9. B 一個人既喝酒，又吸煙，那酒精的害處應(yīng)該是增加的。 10 C 此處應(yīng)選能引導(dǎo)賓語從旬的連接詞。 。 . 11 A 此處要表示的意思是 “ 仍舊不得而知 ” 。 12 C 從前面提到的 “ 仍舊不得而知，但是科學(xué)家們希望 ” 等詞 語可以推斷，此處應(yīng)選“ 答案 ” 。 13 A 從句子的最后一詞 “highest” 便可得知，此處應(yīng)選該詞的反義詞。 14 C 眾所周知，專家們多建議多吃水果、蔬菜以減少癌癥的危險，可見此處應(yīng)選表示“ 至少 ” 意思的詞語。 15 B 空格之前提到了一些最常見的癌癥，接下來舉的是例子，因此此處應(yīng)選表示 “ 像 .包括 ” 等意的詞語。 閱讀下面的短文，文中有 15 處空白，每處空白給出 4 個選項(xiàng)，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從 4個選項(xiàng)中選擇 1 個最佳答案，涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。 第五篇 Men Too May Suffer from Domestic Violence Nearly three in 10 men have experienced violence at the hands of an intimate partner their lifetimes, according to one of the few studies to look_ 1_domestic violence and health among men. Many men actually do experience domestic violence, although we dont hear about it_ 2 _ , Dr. Robert J. Reid of the University of Washington in Seattle, one of the authors, told Reuters Health. They often dont tell_3 _we dont ask. We want to message out to men who_4 _experience domestic violence that they are not alone and there are resources available to_5_ The researchers asked study participants about physical abuse and non-physical_6_such as threats that made them_7_for their safety, controlling behavior (for example, being told who they could associate with and where they could go), and constant name-calling. Among men 18 to 54 years old, 14.2 percent said they had experienced intimate partner_8_in the past five years, while 6. 1 percent reported domestic violence in the previous year. Rates were lower for men 55 and_9_,with 5.3 percent reporting violence in the past five years and 2.4 percent having experienced it in the past 12 months. Overall, 30.5 percent of men younger than 55 and 26.5 percent of older men said they had been victims of_10_ violence at some point in their lives. About half of the violet men_11_was physical. However, the physical violence men reported wasnt as harsh as_12_ stuff, women in a previous study； 20 percent to 40 percent of the men rated it as severe, compare to 61 percent of_13_ Men who reported experiencing domestic violence had more emotional and mental problems_14_those who had not, especially older men, the _15_ found. (1).A by B at C on D for (2).A never B often C ever D now (3).A and B but C yet D unless (4).A to B no C do D go (5).A us B him C you D them (6).A strength B labor C abuse D exercise (7).A hope B fear C wait D look (8).A violence B attitude C friendship D stress (9).A younger B junior C senior D older (10).A normal B necessary C domestic D foreign (11).A enjoyed B experienced C performed D committed (12).A this B those C that D one (13).A women B people C adults D children (14).A from B than C except D despite (15).A victims B participants C researchers D partners 男性也可能是家庭暴力的受害者 一些研究家庭暴力與男性健康的研究顯示，有十分之三的男性都遭受過親密伴侶的暴力虐待。 該研究的作者之一，華盛頓大學(xué)西雅圖分校的羅伯特 J.雷德博士對路透社健康新聞的記者說： “ 其實(shí)許多男性都經(jīng)歷過家庭暴力，只是我們不經(jīng)常聽說而已。我們不問他們也就往往不說。我們必須讓那些遭受家庭暴力的男性知道，他們并不孤單，而且他們有資源可利用 ” 。 研究者向被調(diào)查對象詢問了有關(guān)生理虐待和非生理 虐待的問題，如對其生命安全的恐嚇，控制行為 (比如告訴他們能與誰交往，不能與誰交往，哪些地方能去，哪些地方不能去 )，以及經(jīng)常性的謾罵與中傷。 年齡在 18 到 54 歲的男性中，有 14.2%的人坦言，在過去五年間經(jīng)歷過親密伴侶的暴力行為，而在過去一年就經(jīng)歷過的人占 6.1%。 而年齡在 55 歲及以上的男性，這一百分比有所下降。分別為 5.3%和 2.4%。 總體而言， 55 歲以下的男性中有 30.5%稱自己曾是家庭暴力的受害者，而在 55 歲及以上的男性中，這一比例為 26.5%。他們經(jīng)歷的家庭暴力約有一半為生理虐待。 然而早前的研究表明，男性所受的生理虐待不如女性所受的嚴(yán)重， 40%的男性稱自己受到了嚴(yán)重的生理虐待，而女性比例則為 61%。 研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，遭受過家庭暴力的男性與沒有遭受過的男性相比，有更多的情感和精神方面的問題，這一問題在老年人中尤其明顯。 答案： BBACD CBADC BCABC 閱讀下面的短文。短文中有 15 個空白，在文章的后面，每一個空白都列出了四個備選答案。請根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇合適的詞或短語填在空白處。 第六篇 Once daily pill could simplify HIV treatment Myers Squibb and Gilead Sciences have combined many H I V drugs into a single pill Sometimes the best medicine is more than one kind of medicine Malaria，tuberculosis and H I V /AIDS， 2 for example， are all treated with of drugs But that can mean a lot of pills to take It would be_if drug companies combined all the medicines into a single pill， taken just once a day Now， two companies say they have done that for people just_treatment for H I V， the virus that canses AIDS The companies are Bristol-Myers Squibb and Gilead Sciences They haye_a single pill that combines three drugs currently 0/1the market 3 Bristol Myers Squibb sells one of them_the name of Sustiva 4 Gilead combined the_， Emtfiva and Viread， into a single pill in two thousand four Combining drugs involves more than_issues It also involves issues of competition_the drugs are made by different companies The new once daily pill is the result of_is escribed as the first joint venture agreement of its kind in the treatment of H I V In January the New England Journal of Medicine5 published a study of the new pill Researchers compared its_to6 that of the widely usetwo drugs， AZT7 and 3TC 8 The researchers say that after one year of treatment， the new pill suppressed H I V 1evels in more patients and with_side effects 9 Gilead paid for the study Professor Joel Gallant at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in Baltimore， Maryland， led the research He is a paid adviser to Gilead and Bristol Meyers Squibb as well as the maker of Combivir， GlaxoSmithKline Glaxo Smith Kline reacted_the findings by saying thai： a single study is of limited value It says the effectiveness of Combivir has been shown in each of more than fifty studies The price of the new once daily pill has not been announced But Gilead and Bristol Myers Squibb say they will provide it at reduced cost to developing countries They plan in the next few months to ask the United States Food and Drug Administrationlo to the new pill There are limits to who could take it because of the different drugs it contains For example， _women are told not to take Sustiva because of the risk of bish disorders 11Experts say more than forty million people around the world are living with H I V 詞匯： malaria n瘧疾 tuberculosis n結(jié)核 j：人免疫缺陷病毒 2 AIDS：獲得性免疫缺陷綜合征，艾滋病 3 on the market：出售 4 Sustiva 以及后面出現(xiàn)的 Emtriva、 Viread和 Combivir 都是治療艾滋病藥物的商品名 5 New England Journal of Medicine：新莢格蘭醫(yī)藥雜志 New England 是美國東北六州的總稱 6英國英語中 compare with 是 “ 與 相比較 ” 的意思， compare to 是 “ 把 比作 ”的意思，但在美國英語中 compare t0 也有 compare with 的意思，這里就是 “ 把 與 相比較 ” 的意思 7 AZT：疊氨胸苷 8 3TC：拉夫米定 9 side effect：副作用 10 United States Food and Drug Administration：美國食品與藥晶管理局 11 birth disorder：先天性疾病 練習(xí)： 1 A conservation B eooperation C combinations D considerations 2 A simpler B more complex C more meaningless D more troublesome 3 A starting B stopping C ending D discontinuing 4 A analyzed B examined C expiored D devekped 5 A before B after C under D above 6 A one B ones C other D others 7 A social B technical C personal D histmqcal 8 A if B as if C though D as though 9 A that B which C what D whatever 10 A size B shape C appearance D effectiveness 11 A excludes B contains C looks like D tastes of 12 A few B fewer C many D more 13 A for B with C to D Into 14 A prove B disprove C improve D approve 15 A weak B strong C elder D pregnant 答案： CAADC DBACD BBCDD 閱讀下面的短文。短文中有 15 個空白，在文章的后面，每一個空白都列出了四個備選答案。請根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇合適的詞或短語填在空白處。 (2010 年新增 ) * 第七篇 Nurse! I Want My Mummy When a child: is ill in hospital, a parents first reaction is to be 1 them. Most hospitals now, allow parents to sleep 2 with child, providing a bed or sofa on the ward. But until the 1970s this 3 was not only frowned upon - it was actively discouraged1. Staff worried that the children were upset when their parents 4 ,10 and so there was a blanket ban. A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed and her study Nurse! want my mummy, published in 1974, 5 the face of paediatric nursing. Professor Martin Johnson, professor of nursing at the University of Salford,said that the work of 6 like Pamela had changed the face of patient care. Pamelas study was done against the 7 of a lively debate in paediatrics and psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world and the degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in 8 . The idea was that if mum came to 9 a small in hospital the child would be upset and inconsolable for hours. Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at 10 the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed. Of course we know now that they had most given 11 hope that mum was ever coming back. To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visitBut children were alone and 12 , so Hawthorn said parents should be allowed to visit. Dr Peter Carter, chief executive and general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her 13 had been seminal. Her research put an end to the 14 when parents handed their children over to strangers at the door of the hospital ward. As a result of her work, parents and carets are now recognized as partners in care and are 15 the opportunity to stay with, their children while they are in hospital, which has dramatically improved both parents and childrens experience of care. 詞匯 frown v. 皺眉（表示不滿） inconsolable adj. 無法安慰的 blanket adj. 通用的 seminal adj.開創(chuàng)性的 paediatric adj. 兒科的 注釋 1. But until the 1970s this practice was not only frowned upon - it was actively discouraged: 但在二十世紀(jì)七十年代之前，這一做法不僅遭至不滿，而且還被積極阻止。 練習(xí) 1. A for B with C upon D against 2. A occasionally B soundly C overnight D overtime 3. A practice B exercise C thought D request 4. A stayed B cried C appeared D left 5. A lost B changed C studied D made 6. A professors B doctors C nurses D parents 7. A background B history C fact D reality 8. A school B hospital C family D world 9. A take B control C persuade D visit 10.A once B will C all D large 11. A up B off C down D away 12. A relaxed B pleased C depressed D stable 13. A work B dream C issue D doubt 14. A hours B days C weeks D months 15. A refused B created C lent D afforded 答案與題解 1. B 孩子住院了，父母的第一反應(yīng)肯定是要和孩子在一起。 to be with somebody 表示“ 和誰在一起 ” 。 2. C 給父母在病房里提供床或沙發(fā)，是讓他們和孩子一起過夜。 3. A 此處應(yīng)指允許父母在醫(yī)院里陪孩子這種做法。 4. D 醫(yī)院擔(dān)心父母一離開，孩子會十分不安，所以干脆不讓父母和孩子見面。 5. B Pamela 的研究使兒科護(hù)理的面貌發(fā)生了改變 職稱英語考試 。 6. C 前面提到 Pamela 是一位護(hù)士。 7. A 英語里表示 “ 在什么背景下 ” 用 “against the background of” 這一搭配。 8. B 此處顯然指允許父母到醫(yī)院探望孩子的時間。 9. D 前面已經(jīng)提到去醫(yī)院探望孩子。 10. C 本句意思是，如果父母干脆就不來醫(yī)院探望孩子會發(fā)生的情況。 11. A 英語里表示 “ 放棄 ” 用 give up 這一搭配。 12. C 前面已提到，如果父母 干脆不來醫(yī)院探望他們，生病的孩子們會感到沮喪的。 13. A 此處應(yīng)指 Pamela 所作的研究工作。 14. B “the days” 表示 “ 時代 ” 15. D 此處的 “are afforded” 等于 “are given”, 表示 “ 提供 ” 閱讀下面的短文。短文中有 15 個空白，在文章的后面，每一個空白都列出了四個備選答案。請根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇合適的詞或短語填在空白處。 第八篇 Charter Schools1 American public education has changed in recent years. One change is that increasing numbers of American parents and teachers are starting independent public schools called charter schools. In 1991， there were _1_ charter schools in the United States. Today， more than 2，300 charter schools _2_ in 34 states and the District of Columbia.2 575， 000 students _3_ these schools. The students are from 5 years _4_ age through 18 or older. A charter school is created by groups of parents， teachers and community members. It is similar _5_ some ways to a traditional public school. It receives tax money to operate just as _6_ public schools do. The amount it receives depends _7_ the number of students. The charter school must prove _8_ local or state governments that its students are learning. These governments provide the school _9_ the agreement， or charter that permits it to operate. Unlike a traditional public school， _10_， the charter school does not have to obey most laws governing public schools. Local， state or federal governments cannot tell it what to teach. Each school can choose its own goals and decide the ways it wants to _11_ those goals. Class sizes usually are smaller than in many traditional public schools. Many students and parents say teachers in charter schools can be more creative. However， state education agencies3， local education-governing committees and unions often _12_ charter schools. They say these schools may receive money badly needed by traditional public schools. Experts say some charter schools are doing well while others are struggling. Congress provided 200 million dollars for establishing charter schools in the 2002 federal budget. _13_， often the schools say they lack enough money for their programs. Many also lack needed space. _14_， many of the 36 charter schools in the District of Columbia hold classes in crowded buildings. These schools have almost 11， 000 students. District officials say they have provided 14 former school buildings _15_ charter education. Yet， charter-school supporters say officials should try harder to find more space. 1. A) notB) little C) no D) none 2. A) work B) operate C) carry on D) open 3. A) study B) learn C) attend D) are educated 4. A) of B) at C) on D) about 5. A) to B) in C) on D) by 6. A) another B) else C) other D) others 7. A) of B) in C) for D) on 8. A) for B) to C) with D) by 9. A) for B) by C) with D) on 10. A) moreover B) however C) besides D) consequently 11. A) arrive B) hold C) take D) reach 12. A) approve B) oppose C) praise D) object 13. A) And B) Besides C) Again D) But 14. A) As example B) As an example C) For example D) For an example 15. A) for B) with C) to D) on 答案： CBCAB CDBCB DBDCA 閱讀下面的短文。短文中有 15 個空白，在文章的后面，每一個空白都列出了四個備選答案。請根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇合適的詞或短語填在空白處。 第九篇 Many Women Who Beat Cancer Dont Change Habits Many women who battle breast cancer will tell you its a life-changing experience. However, a new study shows that for many 1 , the changes arent always positive or permanent1. Beth Snoke has watched her mother and both grandmothers battle and survive breast 2 .So when she was diagnosed, there was no doubt in her mind 3 she had to do. I do exactly what the doctors say as far as the medicine that Im on, as 4 as the vitamins, the diet, and the fitness. And I cant stress enough 5 important that is, says Beth Snoke. But a surprising new study shows that 6 every woman who beats breast cancer is getting that message. In fact, nearly 40% of them say even 7 surviving breast cancer, they havent made significant changes in the 8 they eat or how much they exercise. Not all survivors are taking advantage of this teachable moment and making positive health changes in 9 life, says Electra Paskett, PhD, at Ohio State Universitys Comprehensive Cancer Center. Paskett says diet and exercise have been proven to not only help women feel better during and after treatment, they may 10 play a role in preventing some cancers from coming back. 11 growing evidence, some women just arent listening. Colon cancer survivors 12 exercise have actually been shown to have improved survival rates. So, yes, it is true that perhaps by making some of these healthy choices we can actually increase their health, says Paskett. As a breast cancer survivor 13 , Paskett knows first hand how much difference diet and exercise can 14 The challenge, she says, is to get more survivors to be more like Beth, during and after treatment. Experts say exercising more and eating a healthier diet can also cut 15 on2 stress and help women overcome depression. There are more than 2 million breast cancer survivors living in the U.S. Of those, nearly a million have yet to change their diet or exercise routines. 詞匯： Colon n結(jié)腸 注釋： 1 the changes arent always positive or permanent：這些變化并非總是正面的或者是持久的。 2 cut down on：減少 練習(xí)： 1. A women B people C persons D men 2. A death B ache C cancer D feeding 3. A which B that C what D those 4. A far B soon C fast D early 5. A what B so C very D how 6. A not B no C neither D nor 7. A before B after C without D since 8. A place B kind C way D much 9. A their B his C her D our 10. A too B do C further D also 11. A Despite B Although C Accepting D Regardless 12. A who B whose C which D what 13. A myself B itself C herself D yourself 14. A take B make C offer D decide 15. A up B off C in D down 答案與題解： 1 A 根據(jù)短文的題目和第一段的 頭一句話可以得知，全篇談的主要是患癌婦女的生活、運(yùn)動等習(xí)慣是否改變問題。 2 C 之前已經(jīng)兩次出現(xiàn) breast cancer。 3 C 此處應(yīng)選關(guān)系代詞 what 作后面 do 的賓語。 4 A as far as 表示程度、范圍，前面剛剛出現(xiàn)過。 5 D 表示 “多么重要 ”應(yīng)說 how important。 6 A 從上下文可以得知，本句話的意思是：然而，一項(xiàng)令人吃驚的新研究顯示，并非每一位戰(zhàn)勝乳腺癌的婦女都知曉這一點(diǎn)。 7 B 從上下文可以判斷，空格處應(yīng)選 after，表示 “即使在得了乳腺癌而 幸存下來之后 ”。 8 C 表示 “她們的飲食方式 ”應(yīng)用 the way they eat。 9 A 對應(yīng)前面的 survivors，應(yīng)用人稱代詞的第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)形式。 10 D 前面出現(xiàn)了 not only，因此這里應(yīng)用 also。 11 A 根據(jù)上下文可以得知，本句話的意思是：盡管有越來越多的證據(jù)，但有些婦女就是聽不進(jìn)去。在意思上， despite 和 regardless 均可，但 despite 是介詞，符合； regardless 是形容詞，后無 of，不符合。 12 A 用表示人的關(guān)系代詞 who 指代前面的 survivors。 13 C 表示 Paskett 她本人，應(yīng)用 herself。 14 B make difference 是固定搭配，表示 “起作甩；有影響 ”。 15 D cut down on 是固定搭配，表示 “減少 ”。 閱讀下面的短文。短文中有 15 個空白，在文章的后面，每一個空白都列出了四個備選答案。請根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇合適的詞或短語填在空白處。 第十篇 Hospital Mistreatment According to a study, most medical interns report experiencing mistreatment, including humiliation by senior doctors, _1_ threatened, or physical abuse in their first year out of medical school. The findings come from analysis of the _2_ a 13-page survey mailed in January 1991 to 1, 733 second-year residents. The survey 和 _3_ appear in the April 15th issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association. Overall, out of the 1,277 residents_4_ completed surveys, 1,185 said that they had experienced at least one incident of mistreatment in their intern year. _5_ reporting incidents where they were abused, more than 45% of the residents said they had witnessed at least one incident where other persons _6_ false medical records. Moreover, nearly three quarters of the residents said they had witnessed mistreatment of patients by other residents, attending physicians, or nurses. Almost 40% said patient mistreatment was a frequent _7_. More than 10% of the residents said they were _8_ to have enough sleep, 和 the average number of hours _9_ sleep was 37.6. The average on-call hours during a _10_ week was 56.9 hours, but about 25% of the residents said their on-call assignments were more than 80 hours some weeks. _11_ 30% of the residents said they experienced some type of sexual harassment or discrimination, verbal abuse was the most common problem cited. When abusive incidents were limited to events occurring three or more times, 53% of the respondents reported that they _12_ belittled or humiliated by more senior residents, while just over 21% reported someone taking credit for their work. Being “_13_ tasks for punishment,” “being pushed, kicked or hit,” 和 _14_ someone “threatening your reputation or career,” were reported as a more _15_ occurrence by over 10% of the responding residents. 1. A) be B) been C) were D) being 2. A) responsive B) responses to C) respond toD) responding 3. A) analyze B) analysisC) having analyzed D) be analyzed 4. A) whoB) which C) whom D) whose 5. A) In spite ofB) In addition to C) Because D) Although 6. A) had made B) have made C) has made D) make 7. A) events B) happensC) event D) happen 8. A) allowed not B) not allowedC) allow not D) not allow 9. A) without B) onC) withD) because of 10. A) unusual B) typical C) easy D) difficult 11. A) In spite ofB) Therefore C) Although D) So 12. A) are B) be C) must be D) were 13. A) give B) giving C) gave D) given 14. A) had B) have C) having D) has 15. A) frequent B) frequency C) dependent D) independent D B B A B A C B A B C D D C A 閱讀下面的短文，文中有 15 處空白，每處空白給出了 4 個選項(xiàng)，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從4 個選項(xiàng)中選擇 1 個最佳答案，涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。 第十一篇 Migrant(移民的 )Workers In the past twenty years， there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another， _1_ some newly independent countries have understandably restricted most jobs to local people， others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers. This is particularly the case in Middle East， 1 _2_ increased oil incomes have enabled may countries to _3_ outsiders to improve local facilities. _4_ the Middle East has attracted oil workers from the U.S.A. and Europe. It has brought in construction workers and technicians from many countries， _5_South Korea and Japan. In view of the difficult living and working conditions in Middle East， 2 it is not _6_ that the pay is high to attract suitable workers. Many engineers and technicians can earn at least _7_ money in the Middle East as they can in their own country， and this is a major attraction. An allied benefit is the low taxationorcomplete lack of it.3 This increases the net amount of pay received by visiting workers and is very popular with them. Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating advantage. _8_， the difficult living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to depend on each other _9_ safety and comfort. _10_， many migrant workers can save large sums of money partly _11_ the lack of entertainment facilities. The work is often complex and full of problems but this merely presents greater challenge to engineers who prefer to find solutions _12_ problems rather than do routine work in their home country. One major problem which _13_ migrant workers in the Middle East is that their jobs are temporary ones. They are nearly always on contract， so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence. This is to be expected since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents. _14_， migrant workers accept this disadvantage， along with others， because of the _15_ financial benefits which they receive. 1. A） As B） Since C） While D） Although 2. A） which B） where C） when D） there 3. A） call in B） call off C） call up D） call on 4. A） But B） Moreover C） Besides D） Thus 5. A） include B） includes C） including D） included 6. A） surprised B） surprisingly C） surprise D） surprising 7. A） twice as much B） twice as many C） as much as twice D） as many as twice 8. A） Similarly B） As a result C） For example D） Anyway 9. A） with B） for C） about D） in 10.A） On the contrary B） In a similar way C） On the other hand D） Consequently 11. A） because of B） on C） because D） with 12. A） in B） about C） for D） to 13. A） effects B） affects C） detects D） reflects 14. A） In case B） In all cases C） In a case D） In any case 15. A） considerable B） considerate C） considered D） considering 答案： CBADC DACBB ADBDA 閱讀下面的 短文。短文中有 15 個空白，在文章的后面，每一個空白都列出了四個備選答案。請根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇合適的詞或短語填在空白處。 第十二篇 Skin Cancer Now Top Cancer among Young Women in UK Melanoma, the deadliest kind of skin cancer, is now the most common cancer in young 1 women, the countrys leading cancer organization said Wednesday. Skin cancer has 2 cervical cancer as the top cancer striking women in their 20s, according to the latest data from Cancer Research United Kingdom. The trend is particularly 3 since younger people are not generally those most susceptible to melanoma. Rates of skin cancer are 4 highest in people over age 75. But experts worry that increasing numbers of younger people being diagnosed with skin cancer could be the 5 of a dangerous trend. Women 6 their 20s make up a small percentage of all patients diagnosed with melanoma in 12 Britain, but nearly a third of all eases occur in people younger than 50. Based on current numbers, Cancer Research UK predicts that melanoma will become the fourth most common cancer for men and women of all 7 by 2024, and that eases will jump from about 9,000 cases a year to more than 15,500. Cancer experts 8 the rising number of skin cancer cases largely to the surge in people using tanning salons. Spending time on sunbeds1 is just 9 dangerous as staying out too long in the sun, said Caroline Cerny of Cancer Research UK. The organization is starting a SunSmart campaign to warn Britons of the 10 of being too bronzed. The intensity of UV rays2 in some sunbeds can be more than 10 times 11 than the midday sun, Cerny said. In the United States, several states require parental approval 12 minors can use tanning salons. Wisconsin bans people 16 and 13 from using tanning beds, and others ban children under 14. At least 29 states have regulations governing minors use of tanning salons. In the U.K., Scottish politicians passed legislation banning those under 18 from using tanning beds, though it hasnt yet been implemented. There are no plans for 14 in the rest of the U.K. The World Health Organization has previously recommended that tanning beds be regulated because of their potential to damage DNA3 in the skin. Experts said most deadly skin cancers could be 15 if people took the proper precautions when in the sun and avoided tanning beds. 詞匯 melanoma n. (惡性 )黑素瘤 cervical adj. 子宮頸的 tan v. 使變褐色 susceptible adj.易患（某種疾?。?precaution n. 預(yù)防措施 注釋 1. sunbeds: 日光浴（或太陽燈?。┰〈?2. UV rays: 紫外線 3. DNA: 脫氧核糖核酸 練習(xí) 1. A American B British C world D black 2. A overtaken B overlooked C oversee D overwhelmed 3. A satisfying B encouraging C relaxing D worrying 4. A typically B strangely C occasionally D hopefully 5. A end B start C turn D line 6. A at B on C of D in 7. A kinds B ages C colors D sizes 8. A assign B attribute C contribute D allocate 9. A more B so C as D like 10.A points B benefits C steps D dangers 11. A stronger B nicer C darker D deeper 12. A before B after C until D while 13. A below B low C under D beneath 14. A warning B legislation C approval D debate 15. A predicted B treated C avoided D diagnosed 答案與題解 1. B 從文章的題目中得知，英國年輕女性癌癥發(fā)病人數(shù)最多的是皮膚癌。 2. A 20 來歲的女性過去罹患子宮頸癌的人數(shù)最多，而現(xiàn)在皮膚癌卻超過了子宮頸癌。 3. D 這一趨勢尤其令人擔(dān)心是因?yàn)橥ǔＤ贻p人是最不易患黑素瘤的人群。 4. A 從上下文得知，通常皮膚癌高發(fā)人群應(yīng)為 75 歲以上的老人。 5. B 從上下文得知，專家們擔(dān)心越來越多的年輕女子被診斷患有皮膚癌可能是一種危險趨勢的開始。 6. D 表示 “ 年齡在 20 多歲 ” 英語里用 “in ones 20s” 。 7. B 前面一直在談年齡與皮 膚癌的關(guān)系，因此此處應(yīng)選年齡。 8. B 表示 “ 把 歸結(jié)于 ” 英語里用 “attributeto” 。 9. C 表示 “ 與 同樣危險呢 ” 英語里用 “as dangerous as” 。 10. D 該項(xiàng)活動的目的是要警告英國人小心曬得過褐的危險。 11. A 有些日光浴浴床的紫外線強(qiáng)度是正午太陽紫外線強(qiáng)度的 10 倍還多。 12. A 在美國，只有蘇格蘭已經(jīng)通過立法禁止 18 歲以下的人使用日光浴浴床，而在其他地區(qū)則還沒有這種立法計(jì)劃。 13. C 從上下文可知，如果人們在太陽光下采取適當(dāng)?shù)念A(yù)防措施并避開使用日光浴浴床 ，那么最致命的皮膚癌是可以避免的。 14.B 在英國，只有蘇格蘭已經(jīng)通過立法禁止 18 歲經(jīng)下的人使用日光浴浴床，而在其他地區(qū)則還沒有這種立法的計(jì)劃。 15 C 從上下文可知，如果人們在太陽光下采取適當(dāng)?shù)念A(yù)防措施并避免使用日光浴浴床，那么最致命的皮膚癌是可以避免的。 閱讀下面的短文，文中有 15 處空白，每處空白給出了 4 個選項(xiàng)，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從 4 個選項(xiàng)中選擇 1 個最佳答案，并涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。 第十三篇 Scientists develop ways of detecting heart attack German researchers have l a new generation of defibrillators and early warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protection 2 sudden death from cardiac arrest In Germany alone around 100,000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these cases 3 by disruption to the hearts rhythm Those most at risk are Patients who have 4 suffered a heart attack and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosing 5 disruptions to heart rhythms and correcting them automatically by intervening within seconds These devices 6 a range of functions such as that of pacemaker Heart specialists at Freiburgs University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with all implanted defibrillator 7 of generating a six channel electrocardiogram(ECG) within the body This integrated system allows early diagnosis of 8 blood-flow problems and a pending heart attack It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year Meanwhile， researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer software that renders the evaluation of ECG data 9 The overwhelming 10 of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs “Many of the current programs only 11 into account a linear correlation of the data We are，however, making use 12 a non-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system。 ”Hagen Knaf says ?！?13 changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and individual variations in patients taken into account ” 。 An old study of ECG data，based 14 600 Patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack，enabled the researchers to compare risks and to show 15 the new software evaluates the data considerably better 1. A)come up B)come up with C)come up to D)come up against 2. A)to B)for C)with D)from 3. A)are caused B)caused C)are to cause D)have been causing 4. A)easily B)readily C)frequently D)already 5. A)disease-producing B)health-improving C)1ire-threatening D)error-correcting 6. A)take in B)take after C)take on D)take from 7. A)capable B)able C)skillful D)skilled 8. A)chronic B)acute C)recurrent D)persistent 9. A)precisely B)more precisely C)precision D)more precise 10. A)maximum B)minimum C)majority D)minority 11. A)get B)take C)bring D)fetch 12. A)of B)with C)for D)in 13. A)Similarly B)In this manner C)Otherwise D)In this way 14. A)in B)for C)upon D)with 15. A)what B)where C)that D)when 1.B come up with 的意思是 “提出 ”，符合上下文意思。 A 項(xiàng)是 “走近 ”， C 項(xiàng)是 “到達(dá) ”， “符合 ”， D 項(xiàng)是 “遇到 (困難 )”，均不合 適。 2.D protection 與它的動詞 protect 一樣，后面跟介詞 froth 或 against，意為 “起保護(hù)作用免于 ” ，其他介詞均不合適。 3.A 此處的謂語動詞必須使用被動語態(tài)，因?yàn)橹髡Z many of these cases 指的是 病人 ”， ”病例 ”，那就應(yīng)該是 “由 引起的 ”，故其他選項(xiàng)使用主動語態(tài)都不合適，況且后面 by 的介詞短語已是一個明顯的提示。 4.D 此處要填的副詞應(yīng)該表示 “已經(jīng) ”的意思，完成時態(tài)的謂語已經(jīng)起了提示作用， A項(xiàng)、 B 項(xiàng)都是 “容易 ”的意思， C 項(xiàng)是 “經(jīng)常 ”的意思， 均不合適。 5.C 從上下文看，只有 C 項(xiàng) “威脅生命的 ”合適，其他三項(xiàng)分別為 “致病的 ”， “促進(jìn)健康的 ”， “糾錯的 ”，均不對。 6.C take 0n 表示 “承擔(dān) ”，符合上下文意思，其他三項(xiàng)分別為 “接受、接收 ”(A)、 “仿效 ”(B)、“削減 ”(D)，均不對。， 7.A A 項(xiàng)和 B 項(xiàng)均有 “能夠 ”的意思，但用法不同， capable of(doing)sth，而 able to do sth故 A 項(xiàng)才是答案。 C、 D 均是 “熟練的，有技能的 ”，但后面都要用介詞 in，且在此處詞義也不合適。 8.B 上下文 的意思是 “早期診斷 的血流問題和即將到來的心臟病 (突然 )發(fā)作 ”，后面這一部分為前面這個空白暗示了必須填 acute，因?yàn)槠渌齻€選項(xiàng) “慢性的 ”， “復(fù)發(fā)性的 ”， “持久性的 ”，都與這個語境不協(xié)調(diào)。 9.D 填這個空時要注意前面謂語動詞在這里的用法，它在這里的意思相當(dāng)于 make，后面要求復(fù)合賓語，這里缺一個賓語補(bǔ)足語，顯然副詞 (A、 B)和名詞 (C)均不適合在這里充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語，故只有 D 項(xiàng)合適。 10.C A 和 B 分別是指最大量、最小量或最高值、最低值，而 C 和 D 則指多數(shù)和少數(shù) (例如人 )。由于前面已有 overwhelming(壓倒的 )提示，故只能用 majority。 11.B take sth into account 是固定詞組，意為 “考慮，重視 ”，其他幾個動詞都與 into account不搭配。 12.A make use of 是固定詞組，意為 “利用 ”，其他介詞都與其不搭配。 13.D 四個選項(xiàng)中 A、 B 項(xiàng)均是 “同樣地 ”的意思， C 項(xiàng)放旬首時，一般是 “否則的話 ”的意思，這些與上下文所要表達(dá)的意思均不吻合，因?yàn)榍懊娌]有提到什么方法可做比較，故只有 D 項(xiàng) “用這種方法 ”比較合適。 14.C base sth on upon 是固定詞組，表示 “把 建立在 基礎(chǔ)上 ”，此處用過去分詞短語作為 old stud；的定語，除了 on upon 以外，其他介詞都與其不搭配。 15.C 此處空白需要填上一個能引導(dǎo)賓語從旬的連接詞。從賓語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)看，它的句子是完整的，所以只須填 that 作為純粹連接詞就行了，其他三項(xiàng)均要充當(dāng)從句中的句子成分，且有一定意義，故不合適。 閱讀下面的短文。短文中有 15 個空白，在文章的后面，每一個空白都列出了四個備選答案。請根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇合適的詞或短語填在空白處。 第十四篇 Homosexuals Many homosexuals prefer to be called gay or, for women, lesbian. Most of them live quiet lives just _B_1_ anyone else. Some gay people have always raised children, _D_2_ or with partners, and the use of artificial insemination is increasing among lesbians. Gay persons are in every kind of job. Some are very open about their homosexuality, and some are more private1. Some _D_3_ their sexual orientation as a biological given2 and others as a choice. For those women who see it as a choice, one reason often given is the inequality in most heterosexual relationships.3 Homosexuality has been common in most cultures throughout history and generally _A_4_. As a result, homosexual activity became a crime, _C_5_ which the penalty in early courts was death. Homosexual behavior is still _B_6_ in many countries and U.S. states. Homosexuality later came to be viewed widely as less a sin than a sickness4, but now no mental-health profession any longer _B_7_ homosexuality an illness. More recent theories to _A_8_ for homosexuality have included those based on biological and sociological factors. To date5, _C_9_, there is no conclusive general theory that can explain the cause of homosexuality. Attitudes _D_10_ homosexuality began to change in the second half of the 20th century. Gays attribute this, in part, to their own struggle for their rights and pride in their orientation.6 Some large companies now _C_11_ health-care benefits to the life partners of their gay employees. Many cities also have officially appointed lesbian and gay advisory committees. _B_12_ some attitudes have changed, however, prejudice still exists, and in the late 1980s and early 1990s there were considerable shouts against homosexuals, with attempts to _13_A_ laws forbidding the granting of