定語從句考點分析.doc

定語從句要點、考點一。定義：修飾名詞或者代詞的從句叫做定語從句。被修飾的名詞或者代詞叫先行詞；定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞叫關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞&關(guān)系副詞）；二 分類：定語從句分為限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句（前有逗號隔開）三引導(dǎo)詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有：that which who whom whose as；關(guān)系副詞有：when where why四結(jié)構(gòu)：先行詞（名詞、代詞充當(dāng)）+關(guān)系代/副詞（做從句的句子成分）+從句其他判斷下列各句是否含有定語從句：. Im sure that your dreams will come true.2. This is the book that Im looking for.3. She was so surprised that she couldnt move.4. Do you know who the teacher is talking to?5. We are going to see the little girl whose mother is seriously ill in hospital.6. He is not the man that he was.7. He told me that he would leave for Beijing.8. Just try and youll see you can do it.五定語從句的考點：（一）考查先行詞Is this book you are looking for？Is this the book you are looking for？Athat B。the one C。what D。 when（二）考查從句主謂一致1Anyone who （want）to have a holiday puts up your hand.2Those who （want）to have a holiday put up your hand.3This is one of the students who （have）passed the exam.4This is the only one of the students who （have）passed the exam.（三）考查介詞+關(guān)系代詞類定語從句中介詞的選擇a. 介詞之后的關(guān)系代詞只能用which（先行詞為物）或者是whom（先行詞為人）b. 介詞的選擇方法有三個原則：一“先”二“動”三“意義” I lost my pen, which I took notes. This is the house which he lives. The gas is oxygen which we cant live. 1She showed the visitors around the museum，the construction had taken more than three years。Afor which B。with which C。of which D。to which2Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future。Aon which B。by which C。to which D。from wich3Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time。Aof which B。 with which C。about which D。into which4He wad educated at the local high school， he went on to Beijing Universit。Aafter which B。after that C。in which D。in that5The house I grew up has been taken down and replaced by an office building。Ain it B。in C。in that D。in which（四）考查關(guān)系詞的用法（最多）1. that 與which 在指代物時的用法區(qū)別that 和which都可以引導(dǎo)先行詞為物的定語從句，但是用法有區(qū)別： 只能用that的五種情況a. 先行詞為不定代詞或先行詞由不定代詞修飾時b. 先行詞前有最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時c. 先行詞即有人又有物時d. 先行詞前有the very, the only修飾時e. 主句為which,或who 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句時 只能用which的兩種情況a. 非限定性定語從句中b. 介詞之后引導(dǎo)定語從句時（1）Ive read all the books are not mine（2）Who is the girl drove the car? （3）we have 47 students and 47 desks are new here in our classroom. （4）Julie was good at German， French and Russian，all of she spoke fluently。Awho B。whom C。that D。which（5）Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt， is a stupid thing to do in such weather。 Athis B。that C。 what D。which (6)Whenever I met her, _ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.A.who B.wich /c.when D.tat 2which與as的區(qū)別as 和which 都可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，三種情況下只能用as，不能用whicha. as置于句首引導(dǎo)定語從句時（As we know,）c. 先行詞前有such, the same 修飾時（such an easy question as the little boy can answer.）3. who、whom、that 的區(qū)別 a.先行詞為those或people 時，常用關(guān)系代詞who,不用that b.介詞之后用關(guān)系代詞whom引導(dǎo)定語從句4. whose 用法 whose+n. 引導(dǎo)定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)是定語從句的一個考查熱點，此結(jié)構(gòu)可以換成是the+n.+of+which引導(dǎo)定語從句或者可以換成是of which +the+n. e.g.The man pulled out a gold watch, the hands of which were made of small diamonds. whose hands / of which the hands（1）There are in this class 20 students, _ are different.A.whose backgrounds B. The backgrounds of whom C.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose（2）Thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen. A. that B. which C. whose D. What（3）The school shop， customers are mainly students，is closed for the holidays。Awhich B。whose C。when D。where（4）Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly。Awhat B。whose C。which D。that5. 先行詞為way時 先行詞為way，在定語從句中作狀語時，用that，in which引導(dǎo)定語從句，也可以省略關(guān)系詞。e.g. I dont like the way he speaks to his parents.6. 關(guān)系副詞when、where、when引導(dǎo)定語從句的具體用法 先行詞表示時間、地點、原因時，在定語從句中作狀語，選擇相應(yīng)的關(guān)系副詞when、where、why引導(dǎo)定語從句。若其在定語從句中作主語或賓語，則選擇關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句。區(qū)別三組例句： he lives.a. This is the place he visited last year. my brother was a little boy.b. I still remember the time we spent together. he was late.c. This is the reason he gave us. Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice-cream.A. when B. where C. that D. which 某些非地點時間名詞有定語從句修飾，關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語，由where引導(dǎo)定語從句（stage, case, point, situation）；同樣用法的還有occasion,表時間，用when；表地點，譯為場合，用where引導(dǎo)定語從句。 e.g. I can think of many cases students know a lot of words but dont write a good essay. There are many occasions people dont know what they want. This is not an occasion for laughter, you must take things seriously.7. 區(qū)分定語從句和其他句型區(qū)別于簡單句和并列句 , most of are boys. (定語從句There are 70students in our class , most of are boys. （并列句） . Most of are boys. （簡單句）區(qū)別于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 It is in the factory he works. (強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)It is the factory he works. （定語從句）It is in the classroom we have classes the meeting will be held。區(qū)別于同位語從句 she had passed the exam （同位語從句：對名詞解釋說明）The news excited us. he told us （定語從句：對名詞修飾限定）區(qū)別于狀語從句Do you know the time the class is over? (定語從句，有先行詞)Lets play games the class is over.（時間狀語從句，無先行詞）Put the book it belongs. (地點狀語從句，無先行詞)（1）His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _ it is he is trying to express. A. that B. how C. who D. what8. 定語從句中關(guān)系詞的省略定語從句中，作賓語的關(guān)系代詞可以省略，介詞之后的關(guān)系代詞不可省略。This is the house which he lives in. ( )This is the house he lives in. ( )This is the house in which he lives. ( )This is the house in he lives. ( )9分隔的定語從句(1)The days are gone_ physical strength was all you needed to make a living .A. when B. that C. where D. which(1)I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, _we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.A. which B.where C.who D.that(2)She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _ allows them to communicate freely with each other.A.which B.what C.where D.whom(3)Youll find taxi waiting at the bus station_ you can hire to reach you