八年級(jí)英語上第12單元知識(shí)講解及練習(xí)含答案人教版新目標(biāo).doc

新目標(biāo)英語八年級(jí)上第12單元知識(shí)講解及練習(xí)含答案Unit 12 Whats the best radio station?反意疑問句淺析 反意疑問句原則上遵循前否定后肯定，前肯定后否定的十二字口訣；但隨著現(xiàn)代語言的發(fā)展，有時(shí)也不遵循這樣的規(guī)則，發(fā)生了變化，變得更加口語化，這就需要我們對(duì)具體問題作具體分析。 1. Mr Green went to Shenzhen on business last week, _? (福州市2004中考題)A. isnt heB. doesnt heC. didnt heD. hasnt he解析： 解析：反意疑問句的后半部分（附加疑問句）必須在人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)上與前面的陳述部分保持一致；當(dāng)前一部分的主語部分為名詞時(shí)，后一部分的主語用相應(yīng)的人稱代詞形式。本題中前一部分的謂語動(dòng)詞為一般過去時(shí)的行為動(dòng)詞的肯定形式，后一部分的助動(dòng)詞只能是didnt。答案：C2. You often have bread for breakfast, _ you? (海南省1997中考題)A. dontB. haventC. arentD. will 解析：have不當(dāng)有講時(shí)，用作行為動(dòng)詞。have當(dāng)有講進(jìn)行句型轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)，可以添加助動(dòng)詞，也可以不加助動(dòng)詞，如：He has few friends in the new school, does / has he? (長(zhǎng)沙市2003中考題) 答案：A3. Alice has to finish her work now, _? (河南省1999中考題)A. has sheB. hasnt sheC. does sheD. doesnt she解析：have to雖與must同義，但它變反意疑問句時(shí)要像行為動(dòng)詞一樣去變。答案：D4. The poor man needs our help, _ he? (河北省1999中考題)A. needB. needntC. doesD. doesnt解析：need既可作行為動(dòng)詞，又可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。本題中need用了第三人稱單數(shù)形式，顯然是行為動(dòng)詞，變反意疑問句時(shí)，附加疑問句中只能選用適當(dāng)?shù)闹鷦?dòng)詞。答案：D5. - Lets go and fly kites, _? - Wonderful! (甘肅省2001中考題) A. will youB. shall weC. dont youD. do you解析：祈使句變反意疑問句，前一部分為肯定形式時(shí)，后一部分用will you，would you, can you, cant you及could you；而前一部分為否定形式時(shí)，后一部分只能用will you。以lets開頭的祈使句，附加疑問句常用shall we。答案：B注意：lets與let us是有區(qū)別的，let us像一般的祈使句一樣，附加疑問句應(yīng)為will you。6. There is little milk in the bottle, _? (廣東省2003中考題)A. isnt thereB. is thereC. isnt itD. is it解析: 陳述部分是there be結(jié)構(gòu)，附加疑問句用be (not) + there的形式。含有l(wèi)ittle, few, hardly, never, seldom, nothing等否定意義詞的陳述句，是否定句。本題中出現(xiàn)了little，故附加疑問句中的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為肯定形式。答案：B注意：某些帶有否定前綴或后綴的形容詞如unhappy, careless（粗心）等，只是詞語意義的否定，而不能構(gòu)成整個(gè)句子的否定。7. I dont think hell come here on time, _? (重慶市2000中考題)A. wont heB. will heC. does heD. is he解析：陳述部分中如果含有賓語從句，附加疑問句的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與陳述部分的主句的謂語動(dòng)詞在人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)上保持一致。但如果主句含有I suggest（猜測(cè)），I believe(相信), I think, I guess, I hear等時(shí)，附加疑問句的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與其賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞在人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)上保持一致。本題中的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)和will come保持一致。答案：B8. - He didnt go to school this morning, did he? - _, though he was not feeling very well. (甘肅省2004中考題)A. No, he didntB. Yes, he did C. No, he didD. Yes, he didnt 解析：對(duì)反意疑問句的回答，不管問題的提法如何，若事實(shí)是肯定的，就用yes，事實(shí)是否定的，就用no。當(dāng)反意疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)為前否定后肯定時(shí)，回答中的yes譯為不，no譯為是的，這一點(diǎn)與漢語不同。本題中答案表達(dá)的意義應(yīng)為他去上學(xué)了。答案：B（不，他去了）。當(dāng)然，在實(shí)際學(xué)習(xí)中，反意疑問句還有其他要點(diǎn)，這就需要我們勤于觀察、歸納，不斷豐富、充實(shí)我們的知識(shí)。I. 詞匯知識(shí)根據(jù)句意和 所給的首字母或漢語提示，在空白處填寫一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使句子意思完整。1. The hat is big for me. Please show me a_one.2. Mr Smith kept Jack in the classroom after school because he b_the window.3. He lives outside the city. It t_him half an hour to go to work by bus.4. In China, J_is the coldest month of the year.5. P_live in China, but people can see them in some foreign zoos.6. The old man feels _(更糟). He should go to the doctor.7. _(圣誕節(jié)) is the most important festival in many countries.8. You can see all kinds of flowers _(到處) in spring.9. We live on the _(十二) floor. So we have to use a lift.10. What about a pie? It _(有味道) delicious. II. 單項(xiàng)選擇11. Hong Kong is _ the south of China, and Macao is _ the west of Hong Kong.A. in；toB. to；toC. to；inD. in；in12. - Whats your _ name, please?- Jack Jim Black.A. firstB. middleC. familyD. full13. - Help _ to some chicken.- Thanks a lot. But Im full now.A. youB. yourC. yourselfD. yourselves14. - _ will you invent to your birthday party?- Katy, Emma, Robert and Emily.A. WhoB. WhoseC. WhatD. When15. Which country is the _ in the world?A. smallB. smallerC. smallestD. the smallest16. The old man is so strange _ nobody likes him.A. whatB. whenC. ifD. that17. - What did you do _ your summer holiday?- I helped my father with some farming and did some reading.A. withB. duringC. ofD. about18. I think youll come here _ this time tomorrow.A. atB. forC. inD. on19. - Have you finished Unit 12?- Not yet. Well go on _ it next Monday.A. learnB. to learnC. learningD. learned20. - What shall we do tomorrow evening?- Wed better _ a party in the open air.A. haveB. to haveC. havingD. had21. Thank you for _ the message to me.A. givingB. giveC. to givingD. to give22. There _ a basketball match and a movie this Sunday evening.A. are going to beB. is going to beC. are going to haveD. will have23. - I hope to learn to drive a car.- _.A. My brother hopes so.B. So hopes my brother. C. My brother does so.D. So does my brother.24. - Happy birthday to you.- _.A. The same to you.B. Youre welcome. C. Thanks a lot.D. I would love to.25. - My mother isnt feeling well today. _.A. Go and see a doctor.B. Dont worry. C. It doesnt matter.D. Im sorry to hear that.26. - Could I please _?- Sorry, you cant. Your father has to use it.A. do the dishesB. go to the moviesC. use the carD. watch TV27. Who do you _ was the best actor?A. thinkB. think of C. think aboutD. to think 28. Nancy, thanks for _ care of my dog.A. takeB. takingC. takesD. took29. Lin Li is _ in her class.A. the youngerB. youngerC. youngestD. the youngest30. This shirt is _ cheaper than that one.A. littleB. a littleC. fewD. a few III. 補(bǔ)全對(duì)話根據(jù)所給語境從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)木渥犹羁?，使?duì)話完整、通順。A. Oh dear!B. Make sure to tell me about it.C. Its Wendy here.D. No, I was all right.E. Im afraid you wont see him tomorrow.Wendy：Hello. 3637982.David：Hello. Could I speak to Wendy, please?Wendy：Is that David? (31)_. David：I didnt see you at Bruces birthday party yesterday. Didnt he ask you to go to it?Wendy：(32)_ I forgot it. He told me about it last Wednesday. I bought a present for him. But I thought it was his birthday today. Who went to the party yesterday?David：Seven children. I thought you were ill.Wendy：(33)_ I have to say sorry to him tomorrow.David：(34)_ His family went to China this morning.Wendy：Really? When will they come back?David：In a year. His father found work there.Wendy：Do you know his new address?David：No. Hell write to me when he gets there. Wendy：(35)_. David：OK.IV. 翻譯填空根據(jù)所給的漢語，在每個(gè)空白處填寫一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，完成句子。36. 你最喜歡哪一個(gè)季節(jié)？_ season do you like _?37. 我的朋友一年到頭都很忙。My friend is busy _ the year _.38. 除了一個(gè)舊袋子，他一無所有。He has _ _ an old bag.39. 到元月份，天氣變得更冷了。January comes and it _ _.40. 那個(gè)老頭總是隨身帶著一把雨傘。The old man always takes an umbrella _ _.V. 完形填空Florence Nightingale was a famous English nurse. She was born in a rich family. When she was41, she took lessons in music and drawing, and read many great books. She also 42 in many countries with her parents.As a child she felt that visiting 43 people was both a duty and a pleasure. She enjoyed helping them.At last she decided that she was going to be a nurse. But her father said, Nursing isnt the 44 job for a lady.Then I will make it so, she smiled. And she went to 45 nursing in Germany and France. When she returned to 46 , Florence started a nursing home for women.In the Crimean War in 1854, she went with a group of thirty-eight nurses to the front(前線) 47 . She found everything there was terrible.Florence used her own 48 and some from her friends to buy clothes, beds, medicines and food for the men. Her only pay was the smiles of the wounded(受傷的） 49 . But they were more than enough for this kind woman.Florence died at ninety. She tried to serve others through her work as a nurse all her life. Thanks to her contributions(貢獻(xiàn)) to medicine we realize nurses do an 50 and necessary job.41. A. old B. dead C. young D. weak42. A. worked B. traveled C. restedD. sang43. A. healthyB. strangeC. poor D. sick 44. A. right B. wrongC. badD. terrible45. A. show B. learn C. teach D. remember46. A. Germany B. FranceC. AmericaD. England47. A. hospitals B. cinemasC. museums D. parks48. A. food B. clothesC. money D. time49. A. policemenB. soldiers C. children D. drivers50. A. interestingB. elementary C. easy D. important VI. 閱讀理解A. 閱讀下面的短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出一個(gè)最佳答案。（A）June came and the hottest month of the year began. A lot of travellers came to the city by the sea. All of the hotels were full except Mr Johnsons. The prices of all the rooms were the lowest in the city but few people stayed there. The fire(火災(zāi)）broke out three times in a year and four travellers died in the accidents. Most workers left there and found jobs in the other hotels. Mr Johnson had to do most work himself.It was eleven oclock. Most rooms were still empty. Mr Johnson worked for the whole day and was very tired. He went to close the gate when a young man came in, with a big bag in his hand.What can I do for you, sir? asked Mr Johnson.The cheapest room in your hotel.OK, said Mr Johnson, but its on the top floor.It doesnt matter. I think you have a lift in your hotel.Of course, sir, said the manager. Itll take you right there. By the way, may I keep your bag for you?No, thanks. Theres nothing expensive in it but a long rope.Oh? What do you bring it with you for?Im afraid another fire will happen in your hotel. If it does, Ill throw the rope out of the window so that Ill be able to escape from(逃脫）it.Yes? Mr Johnson said in surprise. So you have to pay for the bill before you go to your room.51. Most workers left the hotel because _.A. Mr Johnson paid them lessB. it was dangerous to work for Mr JohnsonC. some travelers stayed thereD. it was too hot there in summer52. _, so most rooms were empty.A. The travelers preferred to stay outsideB. The travelers went out for supperC. A few travelers died in Mr Johnsons hotelD. Mr Johnson was bad to the travelers53. The young man went in the hotel to _.A. put his bag thereB. look for somethingC. talk to Mr JohnsonD. stay for night54. The young man took a bag with him so that _.A. he could easily leave the hotel if it was on fireB. he could pay nothing for the roomC. he could go to work early the next morningD. he could hold something 55. Mr Johnson asked the young man to pay because he was afraid _.A. the young man could hurt him B. the young man could take something awayC. the young man could leave without paying any moneyD. his hotel would be on fire again（B）James got up at five to seven. His parents and his little twin sisters went traveling in France and he had to look after himself at home. He opened the fridge, but he found only two hamburgers in it. He decided to have breakfast in the restaurant at the other side of the street. He sat at a table and the waiter came up and said, Can I take your order(點(diǎn) 菜), James?But you dont show your menu to me, Mr Hunt, said the boy.Oh, sorry! I forget it. Here it is.James looked at the menu carefully. It was:Bread 1.30 Sandwich 1.80 Hamburger 2.40Pizza 2.40 Egg 0.30Milk 0.50Coffee 0.70Coke 0.30James brought out his wallet and found there was only 6.50 dollars in it.Well, said Mr Hunt. What about a hamburger, a pizza, two eggs and a glass of coke?Oh, no, said the boy. Ill buy a picture-book this afternoon. Its 1.50 dollars.I see, said the waiter. And then he brought the boy a nice breakfast.56. There were _ people in James family.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six57. Which of the following is NOT right?A. The waiter knew James.B. The restaurant was near Jameshome.C. James went to the restaurant alone.D. The waiter took a menu to James when he saw him.58. _ are the most expensive in the menu?A. SandwichesB. HamburgersC. PizzasD. Hamburgers and pizzas59. James hoped to pay _ dollars for his breakfast.A. 5.00B. 1.50C. 6.50D. 3.5060. At last James had _ for his breakfast.A. two eggs, a hamburger, a piece of bread and a glass of coffeeB. two eggs, a pizza, a piece of bread and a glass of coffee C. two eggs, a hamburger, a piece of bread and a glass of coke D. one egg, a pizza, a sandwich and a glass of coffeeB. 閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容，在每個(gè)空白處填寫一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~（首字母已給出），完成句子。Three years ago, Mr Johnson retired(退休). He returned to his hometown with his wife. Bad luck! The old woman died five months ago and now he had to live in the small town alone. His son asked him to live with them in the city, but he refused. He hated the noisy life there. He had some new friends and thought he enjoyed himself. So the young man bought a nice vat(缸) with about fifty goldfishes (金魚) in it. They could never make any noise in the night and his father could have a good sleep.Mr Johnson liked the goldfishes and took good care of them. He bought some books and did all whats said in them. He often told his friends about his goldfishes and they went to visit them. He was very happy.A few days later, the old man looked worried. A cat of his neighbours stole(偷) his goldfishes at night. He tried to catch it, but he couldnt. He had to sleep near the vat. It made him very tired. So the angry old man went to a shop and said, Excuse me, sir. Where can I buy a shark(鯊魚), please?Oh? the man in the shop said in surprise. What do you have it for?I want to teach the cat a lesson(教訓(xùn))!61. Mr Johnson returned to his hometown because he liked the q_ place.62. The young man thought goldfishes could k_ quiet, so he bought some for his father.63. Mr Johnson thought his goldfishes pretty, so he often s_ them to his friends. 64. Mr Johnson had to look after the goldfishes at night, so he was very tired in the d_.65. Mr Johnson wanted a shark to e_ the cat.VII.改錯(cuò)下列各句均有A、B、C、D四個(gè)劃線部分，其中只有一處錯(cuò)誤，將其對(duì)應(yīng)的字母填入句后的括號(hào)內(nèi)，并在橫線上加以改正。66. At last Alice agreed to marry to Mr Beckman.A BCD ( )_67. Would you like anything sweet for breakfast?A B CD ( )_68. What do you usually feed your dog to?A B C D ( )_69. Wait a minute. Ill soon finish to tidy the room.A B C D ( )_70. Hell ring up you after he reaches London next Monday.A BC D ( )_ VIII.書面表達(dá)根據(jù)所給的電話留言，寫出一段對(duì)話，每個(gè)人講話不少于5次（電話記錄中所提供的信息不必全部包含進(jìn)去）。MESSAGEFROM：JillTO：MaxDATE：January 16MESSAGE：She got two tickets for seven thirtys concert. She asked you to go to it with her. Her telephone number is 3921768.KateKate：_Jill：_Kate：_Jill：_Kate：_Jill：_Kate：_Jill：_Kate：_Jill：_Kate：_ Unit 12參考答案I. 1. another 2. broke 3. takes 4. January 5. Pandas6. worse 7. Christmas 8. everywhere 9. twelfth 10. tastes II. 11. A點(diǎn)撥：in表示某地在某一大地方的范圍之內(nèi)。on 和to都可表示在范圍之外，on表示兩地接壤、相鄰，一般指陸路相鄰；to表示某地在另一地方的范圍之外，一般指隔海相望。 12. D點(diǎn)撥：Jack Jim Black是一個(gè)人的全名，而不是名、中間名、姓氏。13. C點(diǎn)撥：help oneself to意為請(qǐng)隨意吃，是固定短語，A、B不能選；從所給的答句來看，根據(jù)題中的代詞I, 我們知道所指的對(duì)象是一個(gè)人，因此D也不能選。14. A點(diǎn)撥：從所給的答句可以看出，此處是在問誰。15. C點(diǎn)撥：世界上有很多國(guó)家，此處要用形容詞最高級(jí)，A、B不能選；在空格前已經(jīng)有定冠詞，不能重復(fù)，D不能選。16. D點(diǎn)撥：從句意來看，此處要用sothat來引導(dǎo)一個(gè)表示結(jié)果的從句。17. B點(diǎn)撥：該句是在表示在期間 而with, of, about都不能用 來表示在某一段期間內(nèi)。18. A點(diǎn)撥：at this time表示在這時(shí)；在此刻。19. C點(diǎn)撥：go on后接V+ing形式表示繼續(xù)做某事。20. A點(diǎn)撥：had better后接動(dòng)詞原形。21. A點(diǎn)撥：介詞要和名詞、代詞或v.的-ing 形式連用。22. B點(diǎn)撥：該題考查there be結(jié)構(gòu)。故應(yīng)選be going to + be或will be的形式，又在這種結(jié)構(gòu)當(dāng)中應(yīng)該遵循主語鄰近一致原則，應(yīng)該用單數(shù)。23. D點(diǎn)撥：表示要做同樣的事情或后者和前者一樣時(shí)，要用倒裝句，A、C 不能選；由于前一句的謂語是一個(gè)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，倒裝句的謂語要用助動(dòng)詞does。24. C點(diǎn)撥：生日不是共同的節(jié)日，A不能選；別人祝賀生日，應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)他表示感謝。25. D點(diǎn)撥：聽到別人的不幸后，應(yīng)表示同情和遺憾。26. C27. A28. B29. D30. BIII.31-35 CADEBIV.36. Which；best37. all；round38. nothing but39. gets colder40. with himV.41. C點(diǎn)撥：這里指的是在Florence小時(shí)候的事情。42. B點(diǎn)撥：那時(shí)候Florence還很小，她當(dāng)然是和父母親在國(guó)外旅行。43. D點(diǎn)撥：Florence的職業(yè)是護(hù)士，她從小就認(rèn)為拜訪病人是職責(zé)。44. A點(diǎn)撥：Florence家庭很富裕，當(dāng)時(shí)也沒有女孩從事護(hù)士這種職業(yè)，因此她的父親認(rèn)為她的選擇不對(duì)。45. B點(diǎn)撥：后來Florence當(dāng)上了護(hù)士，說明她去那里是學(xué)習(xí)護(hù)理。46. D點(diǎn)撥：從前面的Florence Nightingale was a famous English nurse.來看，她是英國(guó)人，這說明她回到了英國(guó)。47. A點(diǎn)撥：作為護(hù)士，F(xiàn)lorence工作的場(chǎng)所就是醫(yī)院。48. C點(diǎn)撥：Florence要為傷