高考英語(yǔ)譯林版必修一語(yǔ)法精析探究 講義：Unit 3 Period Two Word版含答案.doc

period twoword power & grammar and usage.重點(diǎn)單詞1athlete n運(yùn)動(dòng)員2effect n效果，作用；影響3affect vt.影響；(病毒)感染；打動(dòng)，使感動(dòng)4achievement n成就achieve v達(dá)到，完成5post n(在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布的)帖子.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1get hurt受傷2come up(事情或時(shí)間)即將發(fā)生3on ones own獨(dú)自地4keep healthy保持健康5side effect副作用6fall out(頭發(fā)等)脫落7take the risk冒險(xiǎn).重點(diǎn)句式1while的用法some sports are usually done indoors，while others are done outdoors.有些體育項(xiàng)目通常在室內(nèi)進(jìn)行，而另外一些卻在室外進(jìn)行。2the same (.) as.和一樣()i just read your post and would like to tell you about my brother，who had the same problem as your friend.我剛看到你的帖子，我想告訴你的是，我弟弟和你朋友有著相同的問(wèn)題。重點(diǎn)詞匯1hmm，maybe i dont want to get hurt.嗯，也許我不想受傷。get hurt受傷get changed 換衣服get dressed穿上衣服get married結(jié)婚get lost迷路get burnt被燒傷，被燙傷(1)im afraid you cant have time to get changed before the party.在聚會(huì)前恐怕你沒(méi)時(shí)間換衣服了。(2)hurry up！there is little time for you to get dressed.快點(diǎn)！你幾乎沒(méi)有時(shí)間穿衣服了。(3)if you get lost in the new city，you can give me a call.如果你在這個(gè)新城市里迷路了，可以給我打電話。易混辨析getv.ed，bev.edgetv.ed著重表示動(dòng)作，不可延續(xù)，因此不能和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。bev.ed著重表示狀態(tài)，可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。(4)he got excited when he heard the news.聽到這個(gè)消息，他很興奮。 (5)the old couple have been married for about twenty years.這對(duì)老夫婦已經(jīng)結(jié)婚二十多年了。2if you like sports that you can do on your own，then try dancing，shooting or aerobics.如果你喜歡獨(dú)自做的運(yùn)動(dòng)，那么你可以嘗試跳舞、射擊或者有氧健身運(yùn)動(dòng)。易混辨析on ones own，of ones ownon ones own意為“單獨(dú)，獨(dú)自；無(wú)需幫忙地，靠自己”，常用作狀語(yǔ)。of ones own意為“屬于某人自己的”，作后置定語(yǔ)，意思相當(dāng)于ones own，不過(guò)后者作前置定語(yǔ)。選詞填空on ones own，of ones own(1)do you have a room of your own?(2)i will try my best to finish the job on my own.3however，they have side effects，which will damage your health.但是，它們有副作用，這將會(huì)損害你的健康。(1)effect n效果，作用；影響have an effect on/upon對(duì)有影響come into effect實(shí)施，實(shí)行take effect生效，實(shí)行in effect事實(shí)上(2)effective adj.有效果的；起作用的(1)the medicine will soon take effect.這種藥很快就會(huì)見(jiàn)效。(2)the government should take some effective measures to reduce pollution.政府應(yīng)該采取一些有效的措施來(lái)減少污染。(3)the two systems are，in effect，the same.這兩種制度實(shí)際上一模一樣。單項(xiàng)填空(4)the new law has come into ；surely it will have on industry of the country.aeffects；an effectbeffect；affectceffect；an effectdan effect；an effect答案c解析come into effect與have an effect on均為固定短語(yǔ)。4after your friend taking this kind of pill for some time，his hair might fall out or he might have health problems，some of which may even affect his liver or heart.你朋友服用此類藥物一段時(shí)間后，他的頭發(fā)可能會(huì)脫落，或者他可能會(huì)有健康問(wèn)題，有些問(wèn)題甚至?xí)绊懰母闻K或心臟。fall out(頭發(fā)、牙齒等)脫落；(士兵)離開隊(duì)列，解散fall out with sb.與某人吵翻/爭(zhēng)吵fall behind落后；跟不上fall over跌倒fall off從上掉下來(lái)fall into the habit of養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣(1)at the age of 50，his teeth began to fall out.50歲的時(shí)候，他的牙齒開始脫落。(2)if he walks too fast，he will fall over.如果他走得太快，就會(huì)摔倒。(3)dont fall into the bad habit of smoking.別沾染上吸煙的壞習(xí)慣。單項(xiàng)填空(4)hurry up！we still have 30 miles to cover before dark.ok.i will make every effort not to .afall for bfall behindcfall off dfall down答案b解析句意為：快點(diǎn)！天黑前我們還有30英里路要走呢。好的。我會(huì)盡力不掉隊(duì)的。fall behind落后，跟不上，符合語(yǔ)境。一詞多義寫出下列句子中黑體詞的漢語(yǔ)意思(5)the climate affects the amount of the rainfall.影響(6)the disease affected his lungs.感染(7)his speech affected the audience deeply.打動(dòng)易混辨析affect，effect二者同為“影響”，但affect是及物動(dòng)詞，effect為名詞。affecthave an effect on。單項(xiàng)填空(8)i dont think the snow will our plan for a picnic.aaffect beffectclimit dinsist答案a解析句意為：我認(rèn)為這場(chǎng)雪不會(huì)影響我們的野餐計(jì)劃。affect是動(dòng)詞，意為“影響”，符合句意。effect作“影響”解時(shí)是名詞；limit限制；insist堅(jiān)持。5some athletes，whose achievements were great，died very young because they took this kind of pill.一些取得過(guò)輝煌成績(jī)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員因?yàn)榉眠@種藥而英年早逝。(1)achievement nc成就；成績(jī)；u達(dá)到，完成make achievements取得成就a sense of achievement一種成就感(2)achieve v達(dá)到；完成；成功achieve ones goal實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的目標(biāo)(1)he has made achievements as a musician.他是一位頗有成就的音樂(lè)家。(2)we felt a great sense of achievement when we reached the top of the mountain.當(dāng)我們到達(dá)山頂?shù)臅r(shí)候，有一種巨大的成就感。(3)he will never achieve anything if he doesnt work harder.如果他不更加努力工作，將會(huì)一事無(wú)成。(4)everybody should be given the chance to achieve their goals.要讓每個(gè)人都有機(jī)會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)。單項(xiàng)填空(5)they felt a great sense of to see their childrens .aachievement；achievement bachievements；achievements cachievement；achievements dachievements；achievement 答案c解析句意為：看到孩子們的成績(jī)，他們有一種巨大的成就感。第一個(gè)空a great sense of achievement一種巨大的成就感，固定用法；第二個(gè)空所填之詞意為“成就，成績(jī)”，為可數(shù)名詞，故用復(fù)數(shù)，所以選擇c項(xiàng)。6i dont think your friend should take the risk.我認(rèn)為你的朋友不應(yīng)當(dāng)冒險(xiǎn)。(1)take/run the risk of doing sth.冒的危險(xiǎn)at risk處于危險(xiǎn)之中at the risk of.冒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)(2)risk doing sth.冒的危險(xiǎn)(1)i wondered if i was putting my life at risk.我想知道我是否正在把自己的生命置于危險(xiǎn)境地。一句多譯(2)他受到了贊揚(yáng)，因?yàn)樗爸ｋU(xiǎn)撲滅了大火。he was praised because he risked losing his life to put out the big fire.(risk v)he was praised because he took/ran the risk of losing his life to put out the big fire.(risk n)he was praised because he put out the big fire at the risk of losing his life.(risk n)經(jīng)典句式1some sports are usually done indoors，while others are done outdoors.有些體育項(xiàng)目通常在室內(nèi)進(jìn)行，而另外一些卻在室外進(jìn)行。while conj.然而，但是，強(qiáng)調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)折，表示對(duì)比。while的其他用法如下：(1)表示“在期間，當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，指一段時(shí)間，不能用來(lái)表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)。(2)意為“雖然，盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，多放于句首。(3)while可作名詞，意為“一會(huì)兒，一段時(shí)間”。如after a while“過(guò)了一會(huì)兒”，once in a while“偶爾，間或”等。(1)while the discussion was still going on，george came in.當(dāng)討論還在進(jìn)行時(shí)，喬治走了進(jìn)來(lái)。(2)after a while，the train stopped at a station.過(guò)了一會(huì)兒，火車在一個(gè)站停了下來(lái)。一詞多義寫出下列句子中黑體詞的漢語(yǔ)意思(3)the phone rang while i was cooking.當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候(4)this shirt fits better while that one has a nicer designer.而，然而(5)i have been living here for quite a while.一段時(shí)間單項(xiàng)填空(6) teaching is often viewed as a hard and demanding(要求高的) job，some people are fond of it and consider it to be rewarding and worthy.(2018如東高級(jí)中學(xué)高一上期中)abecause buntilconce dwhile答案d解析because因?yàn)?；until直到為止；once一旦；while盡管。句意為：盡管教學(xué)常常被認(rèn)為是一項(xiàng)艱巨而要求高的任務(wù)，但有些人喜歡它，認(rèn)為它是值得的。根據(jù)句意可知選d。2i just read your post and would like to tell you about my brother，who had the same problem as your friend.我剛看到你的帖子，我想告訴你的是，我弟弟和你朋友有著相同的問(wèn)題。易混辨析the same (.)as.，the same (.)that.先行詞之前有the same作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞只能是as或that。the same (.) as.意為“和一樣，和相似”，定語(yǔ)從句中的as所指代的人或物與先行詞是同一類。the same (.) that.意為“和一樣”，定語(yǔ)從句中的that所指代的人或物與先行詞是同一個(gè)。(1)this is the same pen as i lost last week.這支鋼筆同我上周丟失的那支一樣。(不是同一支)(2)this is the same pen that i lost last week.這就是我上周丟失的那支鋼筆。(是同一支)單項(xiàng)填空(3)i bought a new dictionary，which is dictionary i lost the day before yesterday.athe same；that bthe same；ascsuch；as dsuch；that答案b解析句意為：我買了一本新詞典，這本詞典和我前天丟的那本一樣。the same.as.指相似性，而the same.that.指同一性。.詞形變換1children need a happy home environment for their healthy(health) growth.2its said that the measures they took were very effective(effect)3there are many who will work hard to achieve(achievement) these goals.4he knew i was energetic(energy) and would get things done.5what first attracted(attractive) me to her was her sense of humour.選詞填空6he can do it on his own.7what the teacher says and does sometimes has a great effect on a child than that of his parents.8they are to get married next month.9my dads hair fell out when he was only 30.10mary couldnt take the risk of leaving her baby alone even for a short time.完成句子11雖然他愛(ài)他的學(xué)生，但是他對(duì)他們很嚴(yán)格。while/although/though he loves his students，he is very strict with them.12他提到一個(gè)筆友，那個(gè)筆友的名字我從來(lái)沒(méi)有忘記。he spoke of a pen friend，the name of whom/whose name ive never forgotten.13我又一次來(lái)到了波士頓，我已經(jīng)有十年沒(méi)有到這來(lái)了。once more i am in boston，where i have not been for ten years.14這咖啡和我們?cè)谑访芩狗蛉思液鹊囊粯?。this coffee is the same as we had at mrs smiths.15學(xué)生們不許遲到，是嗎？students mustnt be late，must they?.單項(xiàng)填空16tom rescued the child at the of his own life.adanger bexpensecrisk dcost答案c解析句意為：湯姆冒著生命危險(xiǎn)救了那個(gè)孩子。at the risk of冒著的危險(xiǎn)，為固定短語(yǔ)。17all the patients by this kind of influenza are separated from the outside.acaught binfectedcaffected daddicted答案c解析句意為：所有感染這種類型流感的病人都要與外界隔離起來(lái)了。affected by表示“被感染”，符合句意。catch后直接加疾病，常用catch cold；infect后接介詞with，意為“染上某種病”；addicted后接介詞to，表示“沉溺于”。18scientists believe the positive effect of laughter physical and mental health.aat bincon dby答案c解析句意為：科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為大笑對(duì)身心健康有積極作用。 effect影響，效果，當(dāng)表示“對(duì)產(chǎn)生影響”時(shí)，應(yīng)使用介詞on或upon。19what did jack tell you just now?he told me that his hair continued after taking this kind of weightloss medicine.aworking out bgoing outcfalling out dgiving out答案c解析考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：杰克剛才告訴你什么了？他告訴我服用這種減肥藥后，他的頭發(fā)繼續(xù)脫落。work out解決，算出；go out出去，熄滅；fall out(頭發(fā)、牙齒等)脫落；give out分發(fā)，用盡。故選c。20good news never goes beyond the gate， bad news spreads far and wide.awhen bascwhile dbefore答案c解析考查連詞辨析。句意為：好事不出門，壞事傳千里。when當(dāng)時(shí)候；as 因?yàn)?；while然而；before在之前 。while然而，表示對(duì)比，故選c項(xiàng)。用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空1bai yansong，whose broadcasting style is appreciated(欣賞) by lots of chinese people，is a famous host.2there are a total of 1,000 workers in this company，two thirds of whom are women.3many teenagers like to stay at home，where they can comfortably watch television or play computer games.4last week，my brother paid a visit to the village that/which he had once worked in for six years，which he will never forget.5when jordan was a child，he studied in a private school，which was named after his grandfather.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)所修飾的詞做進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明，去掉從句之后剩余部分意義仍然完整，非限制性定語(yǔ)從句需用逗號(hào)與主句隔開。last week i passed the examination，which was important.上周我通過(guò)了考試，那是很重要的考試。限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別：1限制性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞之間不用逗號(hào)隔開；非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞之間一般用逗號(hào)隔開。2限制性定語(yǔ)從句和先行詞關(guān)系密切，如果去掉從句，剩余部分意義不完整；非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只是先行詞的附加說(shuō)明，如果去掉從句，意義仍然完整。3翻譯限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，一般先譯從句，再譯先行詞“的”；翻譯非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，一般先譯先行詞，再譯從句，形成兩個(gè)分句。4限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞一般是單個(gè)的名詞或代詞；非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞可以是單個(gè)的名詞或代詞，也可以是句子的一部分或整個(gè)句子。5能引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞除that外，都能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。tom sold his house，which made his father very angry.湯姆賣掉了他的房子，這(件事)使他父親很生氣。6在of which/whom之前可以使用表達(dá)數(shù)量或定位的數(shù)詞或代詞：the professor has two sons，both of whom are teaching in the same university.教授有兩個(gè)兒子，他們?cè)谕凰髮W(xué)教書。溫馨提示as與which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別：(1)which不能放在句首，而as則可以；在句中時(shí)，as有“正如，就像”之意，而which則沒(méi)有此意。(2)as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，用來(lái)代替主句所表達(dá)的意思，可以放在主句之前或之后。as we all know，he studies very hard.正如我們所知，他學(xué)習(xí)非?？炭唷３Ｓ玫倪@種類似的插入語(yǔ)句式有：as is said above，as is already mentioned above等。.反意疑問(wèn)句反意疑問(wèn)句是一種常用于口語(yǔ)的疑問(wèn)句，這種問(wèn)句由兩部分組成，前一部分是陳述句，后一部分是附加的簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句，中間用逗號(hào)隔開，因此問(wèn)句部分又稱附加疑問(wèn)句。如果陳述句是肯定句式，附加疑問(wèn)句則用否定句式；如果陳述句是否定句式，附加疑問(wèn)句則用肯定句式。附加疑問(wèn)句一般由“be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞代詞”構(gòu)成。they didnt clean the classroom yesterday，did they?他們昨天沒(méi)有打掃教室，是嗎？如何把握反意疑問(wèn)句的“多樣性”？一、主語(yǔ)的變化1陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是表示物的everything，nothing，something，anything，that，this等時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)用it。everything is ready，isnt it?一切就緒，對(duì)不對(duì)？2陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是these或those時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)用they。these are very useful tools，arent they?這些工具很有用，不是嗎？3陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是表示人的不定代詞everyone，everybody，anyone，someone，somebody，no one，nobody等時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)側(cè)重全部時(shí)可用they，側(cè)重個(gè)體時(shí)，也可用he。no one knows the answer，do they/does he?沒(méi)人知道答案，對(duì)嗎？4陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是一個(gè)短語(yǔ)或從句時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)用it。doing morning exercise is good for ones health，isnt it?晨練對(duì)身體健康有益，不是嗎？5陳述部分是表示“存在”的there be句型時(shí)，其疑問(wèn)部分必須再現(xiàn)there，但不可說(shuō)there是句子真正的主語(yǔ)。there was a lot of snow here last year，wasnt there?這兒去年下了很多雪，不是嗎？二、謂語(yǔ)的變化1陳述部分謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞含有used to，疑問(wèn)部分謂語(yǔ)可用didnt或usednt。grandpa used to get up early，didnt/usednt he?爺爺過(guò)去起得很早，不是嗎？2陳述部分謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞含有ought to，疑問(wèn)部分謂語(yǔ)可用oughtnt或shouldnt。he ought to know when to start out，oughtnt/shouldnt he？他應(yīng)該知道何時(shí)出發(fā)，對(duì)不對(duì)？3陳述部分謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞含有must，疑問(wèn)部分謂語(yǔ)要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。(1)如果must作“一定，必須”講，疑問(wèn)部分謂語(yǔ)可用neednt或mustnt。she must leave for shanghai tomorrow，neednt/mustnt she？她明天一定去上海，對(duì)不對(duì)？/她明天必須到上海去，不是嗎？(2)如果must表示推測(cè)，疑問(wèn)部分謂語(yǔ)要根據(jù)must后的動(dòng)詞或具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來(lái)決定。mum must be cooking now，isnt she?媽媽現(xiàn)在一定正在做飯，不是嗎？三、幾種特殊形式的變化1陳述部分是感嘆句時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分通常用否定形式。what a good boy，isnt he?多好的一個(gè)男孩啊，不是嗎？2陳述部分是祈使句且為肯定表達(dá)時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用will/wont you；為否定表達(dá)時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用will you。be a strong man，will/wont you?堅(jiān)強(qiáng)些，好不好？3陳述部分是由lets引起的祈使句時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分常用shall we；由lets not引起的祈使句時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分常用all right；由let us引起的祈使句時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分常用will you。lets find ourselves and be ourselves，shall we?讓我們發(fā)現(xiàn)自我，展現(xiàn)自我，好嗎？4陳述部分含有表示否定意義的too.to.結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分要用肯定形式。the old lady was too moved to speak，was she?那位老太太感動(dòng)得說(shuō)不出話來(lái)，是嗎？5陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是由否定前綴或否定后綴構(gòu)成的詞，疑問(wèn)部分仍然用否定形式。he dislikes watching tv，doesnt he?他討厭看電視，不是嗎？6陳述部分含有no，nothing，nobody，never，few，seldom，hardly，little，neither，nor等表示否定意義的詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用肯定形式。few people knew the theory nowadays，did they?現(xiàn)在很少有人知道這個(gè)理論，對(duì)嗎？1scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of has been proved.(2016浙江，11)awhom bwhichcwhat dthat答案b解析句意為：科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)提出許多關(guān)于人類為什么哭泣時(shí)流淚的理論，其中沒(méi)有一個(gè)得到證實(shí)。分析句子成分可知，逗號(hào)后是“代詞ofwhich/whom”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞many theories，指物，故應(yīng)用 which。2we will put off the picnic in the park until next week， the weather may be better.(2016天津，9)athat bwherecwhich dwhen答案d解析句意為：我們將把去公園的野餐推遲到下個(gè)星期，那時(shí)天氣可能會(huì)更好些。先行詞是next week，定語(yǔ)從句中缺少時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故選d。3china today attracts a worldwide readership， shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about china.(2015福建，34)awho bwhomcthat dwhich答案d解析句意為：今日中國(guó)吸引了全世界的讀者，這表明世界上越來(lái)越多的人想了解中國(guó)。先行詞是前面的整個(gè)主句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，用which來(lái)引導(dǎo)。4the number of smokers， is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.(2015江蘇，21)ait bwhichcwhat das答案d解析句意為：據(jù)報(bào)道，吸煙者的數(shù)量在一年內(nèi)下降了17%。as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，意為“正如”，符合句意，故選d項(xiàng)。5until now，we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children， is quite unexpected.(2014四川，4)athat bwhichcwho dit答案b解析句意為：到現(xiàn)在為止，我們已經(jīng)為那些貧窮的孩子募捐到了50 000英鎊，這是完全沒(méi)有預(yù)料到的。此題中which指代整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)。6i didnt become a serious climber until the fifth grade， i went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.(2014浙江，5)awhen bwherecwhich dwhy答案a解析句意為：直到五年級(jí)我才成為一個(gè)熱衷攀爬的人，當(dāng)時(shí)我爬上樹取下了一個(gè)卡在樹枝上的風(fēng)箏。when引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)先行詞the fifth grade的進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明，when在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。7i spent two weeks in london last summer.then you must have visited the british museum during your stay， you？(2014重慶，10)amustnt bhaventcdidnt dhadnt答案c解析答句句意為：那你在倫敦逗留期間肯定去看過(guò)大英博物館，對(duì)嗎？must have done在句中表示對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的推測(cè)，當(dāng)句末有反意疑問(wèn)的語(yǔ)氣時(shí)，可分為兩種情況：(1)句中沒(méi)有明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)為“havent/hasnt.？”；(2)句中有明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為“didnt.？”。題中l(wèi)ast summer表示的是一個(gè)確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間，故c項(xiàng)正確。8“you cant judge a book by its cover，” (2013新課標(biāo)全國(guó)，33)aas the saying goes oldbgoes as the old sayingcas the old saying goesdgoes as old the saying答案c解析考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序。句意為：常言道，“人不可貌相?！盿s引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，表示“正如”，不用倒裝。9a lot of language learning， has been discovered，is happening in the first year of life，so parents should talk much to their children during that period.(2012安徽，29)aas bitcwhich dthis答案a解析句意為：正如被發(fā)現(xiàn)的那樣，大量的語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)是在人生的第一年發(fā)生的，所以父母應(yīng)當(dāng)在那個(gè)時(shí)期和孩子多說(shuō)話?？瞻滋幩诰錇榉窍拗菩远ㄕZ(yǔ)從句，故b、d兩項(xiàng)可排除。由句意知空格處的關(guān)系詞指代a lot of language learning is happening in the first year of life這個(gè)句子。指代某個(gè)句子時(shí)，as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句可后指或前指，而which引導(dǎo)的從句只能前指。此處為后指，因此a項(xiàng)正確。10there is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent， ？(2012江蘇，25)ais there bisnt therecis he disnt he答案a解析根據(jù)前面there be 句型里含有否定意義的詞little可知，疑問(wèn)部分用肯定形式，其主謂應(yīng)與陳述部分的主謂保持一致，故選a項(xiàng)。.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空1mr smith，whose native language is english，can speak chinese fluently.2we will be shown around the city，schools and some other places，where other visitors seldom go.3the factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year,80% of which are sold abroad.4as is known to all，the moon travels round the earth once every month.5this is mr smith，who i think has something interesting to tell you.完成下列反意疑問(wèn)句6i dont think tom has told you the news，has he?7you must have been caught in the traffic jam yesterday，didnt you?8neither of you will have coffee，will you?9she seldom argues with others，does she?10what a lovely day，isnt it?.完成句子11the boss，in whose company my father works(我父親在他的公司里工作)，is a very kind man.12as is known to the world(全世界都知道)，mark twain is a great american writer.13we are social beings，none of whom can succeed(沒(méi)有人會(huì)成功) without the help of others.14i went to the coffee shop near the school，where i discussed todays lesson with my friends(在那里我和朋友們討論了今天的課程)15she dislikes the way you treat your stepsister，doesnt she(是嗎)? .單項(xiàng)填空16for many cities in the world，there is no room to spread out further， tokyo is an example.(2018泰州中學(xué)高一上期中)afor which bof whichcin which dfrom which答案b解析句意為：對(duì)于世界上的很多城市來(lái)說(shuō)，已經(jīng)沒(méi)有空間進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的拓展了，東京就是其中的一個(gè)例子。根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu)可知這里用所有格of加上關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，which指代上文的many cities。故選b。17howard beach is a mostly white neighborhood that is perhaps best known for a racial incident， a group of white teens caused the death of a black man.(2018揚(yáng)州中學(xué)高一上期末)awhere bwhatcwhich dwhen答案a解析句意為：howard beach是一個(gè)以白人為主的社區(qū)，可能因一起種族事件而出名，在這個(gè)事件中一群白人少年導(dǎo)致了一個(gè)黑人的死亡。先行詞是racial incident，在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)，指在這個(gè)事件中。故用關(guān)系副詞where。18keeping a regular sleep schedule is important for setting a babys body clock， researchers note should be in place by about 4 months of age.awhose bwhichcwhen dwhere答案b解析句意為：保持有規(guī)律的睡眠計(jì)劃對(duì)于調(diào)整嬰兒的生物鐘很重要，研究人員指出，到孩子大約4個(gè)月大的時(shí)候應(yīng)該調(diào)整到位。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)，故選b項(xiàng)。19im sure youd rather she went to school by bus， ？ahadnt you bwouldnt youcarent i ddidnt she答案b解析句意為：我確定你寧愿讓她坐公交車去學(xué)校，是不是？此處考查的是im sure引導(dǎo)的從句的反意疑問(wèn)句，應(yīng)該是與后面的從句保持一致；在從句中涉及到了would rather的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的使用，但并不影響反意疑問(wèn)句的生成，故用wouldnt you即可。故選 b項(xiàng)。20we believe there is no independent scientific evidence that any internet dating site is beneficial to matching people together， ？ais there bdo wecdont we disnt there答案a解析在反意疑問(wèn)句中，若陳述句為“i/we (dont)think，believe，suppose，feel等表示意見(jiàn)、想法、猜測(cè)的動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)從句”，簡(jiǎn)單問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)同賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞保持一致。本句中believe的主語(yǔ)是we，其后的簡(jiǎn)單問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)及謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞取決于從句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由此排除b、c兩項(xiàng)；由于從句中有否定詞no，所以簡(jiǎn)單問(wèn)句要