中考冠詞語法及練習(xí).doc

學(xué) 案學(xué)科 英語 年級(jí) 初三 班級(jí) 教師 課題上課時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)冠詞學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)不定冠詞和定冠詞學(xué)習(xí)難點(diǎn)區(qū)分不定冠詞和定冠詞教 學(xué) 流 程中考英語冠詞 冠詞是一種輔助性的詞，不可在句中獨(dú)立擔(dān)任一個(gè)成分。放在名詞前，幫助說明名詞的含義，使用極為頻繁。冠詞有不定冠詞（a, an）和定冠詞（the）兩種。a和an的基本含義是“一，一個(gè)”，表示泛指，不強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)目觀念，只表示名詞不是特定的；the的基本含義是“這個(gè)，那個(gè)”，表示特指，在可數(shù)的單復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞前面都可以用。冠詞本身是虛詞，沒有意義，同時(shí)也沒有詞義，它用在名詞的前面，幫助指明名詞的含義一、不定冠詞不定冠詞用a還是an由后面一個(gè)詞的首音（不是輔音字母）決定。以元音開頭的詞前用an，以輔音（包括半元音，不是元音字母）開頭的詞前用a。例如：輔音音素開頭：a tree, a university, a house, a European country, a one-eyed man元音音素：an apple, an umbrella, an hour, an elephant, an opera值得注意的是：1如果不定冠詞后面第一個(gè)詞以元音字母u開頭分情況。例如university, useless, useful, unit, uniform，usual用a。而 unhappy, unusual用an。2如果不定冠詞后面第一個(gè)詞以不發(fā)音的h開頭，而h后面第一個(gè)音的音素是元音因素，就用an。例如hour, honest。3如果不定冠詞和名詞前有其他詞，不定冠詞的形式仍取決于它后面第一個(gè)詞的語音形式。例如an actress, a beautiful actress。不定冠詞的用法如下：1用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，表示一類人或事物，如： A dictionary is a useful book. An underground train can start and stop quickly.2說明某人或某東西屬于哪一類，如： This is a book. He used to be an engineer.3泛指某人或某物，但未具體說明何人、何物，如： A boy is waiting for me.Give me a pen, please.4表示數(shù)量，有“一”的意思，如： Behind the house there is a garden. once a week.5用于某些固定詞組中，如：a number of, just a minute, in a hurry, for a while, for a long time, a cup of, a bottle of, have a rest, have a talk, have a fever, have a good time, have(take) a walk, have a toothache, take a bath, give a lesson二、定冠詞1指彼此都知道的人或事物，如： Open the door, please. Go and close the window.2特指某（些）人或某（些）事物，如： The girl in red is my sister. The man over there is our English teacher. The book on the desk is mine.3指前面提到過的人或事物，如： Here is a picture of a modern car factory. My father works in the factory.4用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)前,在方位詞前。如： The Nile is the longest river in the world. He won the first prize.The sun rises in the east.5用在某些名詞化的形容詞，過去分詞前，表示一類人或事物， 如： the rich, the sick, the new , the false6用在某些專用名詞前， 如： the Great Wall the Peoples Republic of China the United Nations7在江河、海洋、山脈、湖泊、群島的名稱的前面，如： the North China Plain the Rocky Mountains the Yangtse River8在一些用語中，如：in the morning(/afternoon/evening), by the way, on the whole, all the year around, the other day, at the same time三、不用冠詞的情況： 可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞在表示泛指時(shí)不用冠詞1在不含普通名詞或只有一個(gè)普通名詞專有名詞前，如： China, Beihai Park2名詞前面已有用作定語的 this, that, my, your, some, any 等代詞前，如： The letter is from my father. I have a book in my hand.3在復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時(shí)，如： Horses are useful animals. I like cakes.4在節(jié)日名稱，（稱呼語和表示官銜的名詞前）星期、月份、季節(jié)前。如： Today is Sunday. Spring is the best season in the year.Childrens Day5在某些固定搭配和習(xí)慣用語中，如： go to school , be in hospital, be in prison6一天三餐，球類運(yùn)，棋類的名稱前，如: I like to play basketball. We have lunch at school.針對(duì)訓(xùn)練例1There is “h” in word “photo”Aa，a Ban，the C.the，anDan，an例2She is honest girlAanBa C/Dthe例3He goes to school after breakfastA/Bthe CanDa例4 Browns are going to visit Yangtse River. It is_ longest river in China and third longest river in worldAThethethethethetheBThethethe/thetheC/thethethe/theDThe/thethethethe二、復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)需要注意的要點(diǎn)（1）在school, college, university, hospital, prison, church, class, table, bed等表示機(jī)構(gòu)名稱、組織名稱和家具的名詞前，用定冠詞和用不定冠詞意義有差異。用定冠詞強(qiáng)調(diào)處所，而不用定冠詞意義有所引申。比較：at table 就餐 at the table 坐在桌邊go to school 去上學(xué)go to the school 去這個(gè)學(xué)校in hospital 住院in the hospital 在這家醫(yī)院go to prison （違法而）進(jìn)監(jiān)獄go to the prison 到監(jiān)獄go to church 做禮拜go to the church 到教堂in class 在課堂上in the class 在班級(jí)里（2）在某些詞前用不同冠詞（定冠詞、不定冠詞和零冠詞），意義大不相同，例如：a number of 許多 out of question 沒有問題the number of 的數(shù)目 out of the question 根本不可能in front of 在前面 for a moment 片刻in the front of 在前部 for the moment 暫時(shí)take place 發(fā)生take the place of 代替2014中考英語冠詞試題匯編【2014連云港】1.Lee Min-ho is _ actor from South Korea. He sang _ Chinese pop song on the 2014 CCTV New Years Gala.A. the；an B. /; the C. an；a D. a; /【2014河北】2.Lets take _ photo! Everyone, cheese! A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 【2014達(dá)州】3.Look! There is a monkey eating _ apple in the tree. En, _ monkey is very cute.A. a; a B. a; the C. an; an D. an; the 【2014揚(yáng)州】4.Have you seen _ film Where are We Going, Dad? Yes, its _ interesting film! A. a; the B. the; an C. a; an D. the; the【2014黔西南州】5.How was _dinner at Mikes house? It was great. Mikes mum is _ wonderful cook. A. a; the B. the; a C. the; the D. a; an【2014河南】6. What _ heavy rain it was! Yes, but I love _ air after it rains. It smells so fresh. A. the; a B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a【2014重慶市】7.Jolin is _ famous singer. She has a lot of fans. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【2014宜賓】8.I think English is _ useful language, and its also _ important language.A. an, a B. a, an C. an, the D. a, the【2014呼和浩特】9. Why did you laugh just now？ Ted wanted to tell us _ very funny story, but he forgot _ ending himself. A. a; an B. the; the C. the; a D. a; the【2014東營(yíng)】10.“If you stop dropping litter, Ill kiss _ pig.” The head teacher promised the students at a school meeting.A. a B. an C. the D. /【2014蘇州】11.If we sit by_ window of the train, well have_ better view.A. /; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the【2014天津】12.Mary, whos _ woman over there? Shes my aunt, _ English teacher.A. the; the B. a; the C. the; an D. a; a【2014陜西】13.I had _ unusual day on my last school trip. A. a B. an C. / D. the【2014甘肅白銀】14.Whats_matter with you? I have _ toothache. A. a; the B. the; / C. /; a D. the; a 【2014湖州】15.Who is _ young lady with curly blonde hair? A. a B. an C. the D. /【2014溫州】16.Cathy was very happy to meet _ old friend on the plane to Paris. A. a B. an C. the D. /【答案】C【2014嘉興】17.Whats the matter with you? I cant remember where I parked _ car. A. a B. an C. the D. /【2014重慶C】18.I have _ English dictionary and it helps me a lot. A. a B. an C. the D. /【2014麗水】19.Mr. Smith has _ 8-year-old daughter who has won two national painting prizes. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填【2014紹興】20.My brother Fred woke up with _ bad headache, yet by the evening the pain had gone. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填【2014臺(tái)州】21.What do you think of the new movie The Monkey King, Sally? Its _ funny one. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填【2014泰安】22.Is _ red bag under the table yours, Jean? No. I only have _ yellow bag. Maybe its Julias. A. a: the B . the; a C. a; a D. the; the【2014威海】23.Mom, I like _ green T-shirt. Could you buy it for me? A. a B. an C. the D. 不填【2014濱州】24.Look! Whos _ boy over there? Oh, hes my cousin, Bob. He is _ honest boy. A. a; the B. the; a C. the; an D. a; an【2014菏澤】25.Doing lots of listening prac tice is one of _ best ways of becoming _ good language learner. A. the; the B. the; a C. 不填; a D. the; 不填【2014聊城】26.Daming, whats your dream? I want to be _ engineer some day. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填【2014濰坊】27.Reading can make you become _ expert and change your life. A. a B. an C. 不填 D. the【2014紹興】28.My brother Fred woke up wi th _ bad headache, yet by the evening the pain had gone. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填【2014重慶市A】29.I have _ English dictionary and it helps me a lot. A. a B. an C. the D. /【2014杭州】30.My cousin went abroad at _ age of eigh teen.A. a B. an C. the D. 不填2013年中考英語冠詞【2013 浙江衢州】16. Have you watched the movie Iron Man 3?中國(guó)教%育&出版網(wǎng)* Of course, fantastic movie！ A. a B. an C. the D. 不填【答案】A來源#%:中國(guó)教育出版網(wǎng)解析：本題考查冠詞的用法，a 用于以輔音因素開頭的單詞前面，an 用于以元音音素開頭的單詞前面，the表示特指某種事物，fantastic 意為“奇異的，極好的”，以輔音因素開頭，故選A?！?013山東濟(jì)寧】16. Its just a short distance from here to _restaurant.A. a B. an C. the D.不填 【答案】C來源%:z#z&解析：考查冠詞的用法。指代說話者雙方都知道的事物常用冠詞the，句意“從這兒到那個(gè)飯店距離不長(zhǎng)”。 【2013內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特】1. Is _ dictionary on the desk yours? No, I dont have _ English-Chinese dictionary. A. the; an B. an; the C. an; an D. the; the 【答案】A 解析：考查冠詞的用法。根據(jù)句意“桌子上的那個(gè)詞典是你的嗎？不是，我沒有英漢詞典?！笨梢耘袛鄦柧渲械摹霸~典”是特指，而答語中的“詞典”是泛指，并且English以元音開頭，須用an，所以選擇答案A。來%源:中教網(wǎng)#*【2013江蘇連云港】1. Lianyuangang is _ attractive city. Its such _ nice place that many tourists come here every summer. A. B. C. D. 【答案】D 解析：考查冠詞的用法。第一個(gè)橫線后面attractive是以原音音素開頭的形容詞，用an 來修飾；第二個(gè)橫線后面nice 是以輔音音素開頭的形容詞，用a來修飾，故選D。【2013江蘇泰州】()1. His you heard of Hou Yifan, _ female world chess champion(冠軍)? Yes, she is from _ Taizhou. Were proud of her.A. B. C. D. 來 a C. a; theD. 不填；the 來源*:中國(guó)教育出版&網(wǎng)【答案】A【解析】考查冠詞的用法。句意：我們?nèi)ヌ咦闱虬?。我沒有足球。play后接球類運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)，球類名詞前不加任何冠詞；a soccer ball意為“一個(gè)足球”表示泛指。【2013河北】 Do you know_ girl in green? She is our monitor. A. a B. an C. the D.不填【答案】C 。解析：考查定冠詞的用法。此處表示特指，故用定冠詞the，故答案應(yīng)選C?！?013浙江紹興】 Whos that young man on the poster?Justin Bieber, _excellent singer.A. a B. an C. the D. /【答案】B 解析：考查不定冠詞用法。excellent singer是對(duì)Justin Bieber身份的補(bǔ)充說明，表示泛指時(shí)，前面用不定冠詞a或an表示，排除C和D；又因?yàn)閑xcellent首發(fā)音是元音，故前用an，選B。來#源:中國(guó)教&育出版%網(wǎng)【2013重慶】How do you like _color of my dress? Wonderful! I like it very much A. a B. an C. the D/24. 【答案】C 解析:本題考查冠詞的用法。問句句意為“ 你認(rèn)為我的裙子的顏色怎么樣？”定冠詞the用在名詞前表特指。此處特指“我的裙子的顏色”，故選C。【2013湖南邵陽】21.Look! Whos boy over there?來源:zzst%ep.c* the B. A; a C. The; a來%源:中國(guó)教育#出版*網(wǎng)【答案】A 【解析】考查冠詞的用法。句意為：長(zhǎng)城是世界上最長(zhǎng)的墻。the Great Wall專有名詞，前面加不定冠詞the；longest為形容詞最高級(jí)，其前需加定冠詞the。故選A。【2013湖南婁底】21.My family and I will go to Changsha this summer holiday. Have_ good time. A. a B. an C. the【答案】A中國(guó)#教*&育出版網(wǎng)【解析】考查固定短語中不定冠詞的用法。have a good time表示玩的高興，過得愉快，故答案應(yīng)選A?！?013 湖南衡陽】22. What can I do for you？ I want ipad for my daughter. She needs .中國(guó)#教育出&版網(wǎng)% A. an, one B. a, one C. an, it【答案】A【解析】本題考查冠詞和代詞的用法。ipad是以元音音素開頭用an，上文出現(xiàn)一個(gè)事物，下文再次出現(xiàn)類似事物（兩個(gè)相同物品）用one。故選A?！?013湖北宜昌】28. Have you seen _ iPhone 5? I left it here this morning? Is it _ black one? I think I saw it somewhere. 來源%: the B. an; a C. the; a D. the; / 中國(guó)教育出版*%#網(wǎng)【答案】B【解析】考查冠詞的用法。不定冠詞a和an表示泛指，意為“一”。根據(jù)句意“你見過一個(gè) iPhone 5手機(jī)嗎？我今天早晨把它忘在這里了。它是個(gè)黑色的手機(jī)嗎？我想我在某個(gè)地方見過它?！笨梢耘袛嘤貌欢ü谠~，單詞iPhone以元音開頭，用an；單詞black以輔音開頭，用a。所以選擇答案B。【2013湖北十堰】26. This is a useful dictionary, I think. So it is, and its _unusual one.A. theB. anC. aD. 不填【答案】B【解析】考查冠詞用法 a 用在輔音因素開頭的單詞前面，an用在元音音素開頭的單詞前面，unusual是元音音素開頭的單詞，所以選B?！?013湖北孝感】21. Lin Shuhao is _ good basketball player in the NBA.A. / B. a C. an D. the來源:中*&國(guó)教%育出#版網(wǎng)【答案】B 【解析】考查冠詞的用法。不定冠詞a/an表泛指;在輔音音素前用a；在元音音素前用an；the表特指。題意為“林書豪是一名優(yōu)秀的NBA籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員?！?故選B?！?013湖北咸寧】21. Maria would like _ orange, not _ orange juice.A. a; theB. /; an C. an; / D. an; an 21. 【答案】C w#ww.zz*【解析】考查冠軍詞的用法。orange表示“桔子”時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，切以元音素開頭；orange juice是不可數(shù)名詞，前面不用不定冠詞?！?013黑龍江綏化】1. Its said that _ apple _ day keeps the doctor away.A. a; an B. an; a C. the; the【答案】B 【解析】考查冠詞用法。句意：據(jù)說一天一蘋果，醫(yī)生遠(yuǎn)離我。定冠詞the表特指；不定冠詞a 和 an 表泛指，相當(dāng)于漢語中的“一”；a 用在輔音發(fā)音之前，an 用在元音發(fā)音之前。apple第一個(gè)音是元音，用an；day第一個(gè)音是輔音，所以選擇答案B。【2013黑龍江齊齊哈爾】1. English is useful language. We should learn it well. A. a B. an C. the【答案】A【解析】考查冠詞的用法。useful的第一個(gè)音素是輔音/j/，故用冠詞a。【2013河南】21. She has got two cats now. _black and white one is called Rosie and_ brown one Joseph.A. The; a B. A; the C. The; the D. A; a21. 【答案】C【解析】考查冠詞的用法。由句意“她現(xiàn)在有兩只貓，這只黑白色的叫Rosie，這只棕色的叫Joseph?！笨芍?，特指兩個(gè)不同顏色的貓，因此都用定冠詞。故選C?！?013 甘肅白銀】31. This is _ book I told you about yesterday. A. a B. the C. an D /【答案】B 【解析】考查冠詞用法 句意：這就是你昨天告訴我的那本書。特指的一本書，因此用定冠詞the。選C。來%源:中教網(wǎng)#*【2013浙江杭州】17.I think its really _ hard work for me to finish the job in twenty minutes.A. aB. anC. theD. 不填【答案】D【解析】本題考查冠詞的用法。work是不可數(shù)名詞，所以前面不能用不定冠詞a或者an，排除A和B。由句意“我認(rèn)為對(duì)我來說，20分鐘內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)工作是項(xiàng)困難的工作”。故選D?！?013四川內(nèi)江】21. How is _film you saw last night? You mean_ one, Lost in Thailand(泰囧)? Thats wonderful! A. a; the B. the; the C. the; 不填 D.不填; the【答案】B【解析】考查冠詞的用法。表示特指，是冠詞the的用法，第一空是特指“昨晚你看的那部電影”，；第二空是特指“Lost in Thailand”，所以選擇答案B?！?013福建福州】31. Whats in the box? There is _ apple and some oranges in it.來*源:中國(guó)教育出版&網(wǎng)A. a B. an C. the【答案】B【解析】選B。考查冠詞的用法。句意為：盒子有什么？在里面一個(gè)蘋果和一些橘子。各選項(xiàng)中只有不定冠詞a或an表示“一”的意思；又名詞apple的第一個(gè)音素為元音，其前只能用不定冠詞an，因此B項(xiàng)為正確答案。【2013廣東湛江】21. Where is cat?Its under desk.A. your; a B. yours; an C. your; the D. you; the【答案】C【解析】考查代詞和冠詞的用法。句意：你的貓?jiān)谀睦?？它在桌子下面。第一個(gè)空用形容詞性物主代詞your修飾名詞；第二個(gè)空用定冠詞the來特指雙方都知道的事物。所以選擇答案C。www.zzstep.&%com*#【2013山東濱州】21. man in a black hat is my PE teacher. He often plays football with us.來源#:中%教&網(wǎng)A. A; the B. The; a C. The; / D. A; /【答案】C【解析】考查冠詞的用法。名詞man后有作后置定語的介詞短語因此在此表示特指，用定冠詞the修飾；play與球類名詞連用時(shí)前面不加冠詞。所以選擇答案C?！?013山東菏澤】1.Does Heze have _airport? No. but we can take _bus to Jinan or Zhengzhou.來#源:中教網(wǎng)*A . an; the B. an; a C the; a D. a; a【答案】B【解析】考查冠詞。句意：菏澤有機(jī)場(chǎng)嗎？沒有，但是我們可以乘坐公交車去濟(jì)南或鄭州。兩個(gè)設(shè)空處都表示泛指而非特指，所以確實(shí)用不定冠詞。其中airport 的第一個(gè)音素是元音，故用不定冠詞an ?！?013浙江麗水】16. It is a good habit to go to _ bed early and get up early.A. a B. an C. the D. 不填【答案】D【解析】考查冠詞的用法。本句句意：早睡早起是個(gè)好的習(xí)慣。go to bed是固定短語，意為“睡覺“，所以選A?！?013山東泰安】22. Do you play _ piano in your free time? No, I like sports. I often play_ soccer with my friends. A. 不填；the B. the; 不填 C. the; the D. a; a 【答案】B【解析】考查定冠詞和零冠詞的用法。piano“鋼琴”屬于樂器，前面要用定冠詞the；soccer“足球”，屬于球類，前面不加冠詞，故答案選B項(xiàng)。來&源:中國(guó)%教育出版網(wǎng)【2013浙江舟山、嘉興】 16. Lots of people think that Life of Pi is_ amazing film. A. a B. an C. the D.不填【答案】B【解析】考查冠詞的用法。a/an是不定冠詞，表示泛指“一個(gè)”，the表示特指。根據(jù)句意：很多人認(rèn)為少年派的奇幻漂流這部電影是“一部令人驚人的電影。此處表示泛指，amazing的第一個(gè)因素是元音。故選B。 【2013四川南充】21. Would you mind cleaning your room? OK. Ill do it in _ minute.A. The B. an C. a21.【答案】C【解析】考查冠詞用法。題意：你介意我打掃你的房間嗎？介意，我一會(huì)兒之后自已打掃。in a minute “一會(huì)兒之后”是固定結(jié)構(gòu)。來%源:&中*教網(wǎng)【2013四川涼山】21. The third Sunday of June is Fathers day. Its special day for children to show their love to their father. A. a; the B. the; a C. /;a【答案】C?！窘馕觥靠疾楣谠~的用法。在表示節(jié)日的名詞前不加冠詞，所以第一個(gè)空格在“父親節(jié)”前不用冠詞；第二個(gè)空格的不定冠詞表示“泛指”概念，指數(shù)量有“一”。意為“對(duì)孩子們來說是一個(gè)向他們的父親表達(dá)愛的特殊的日子”?！?013四川廣安】