Unit 8 Daydream a Little課文翻譯大學(xué)英語(yǔ)三.doc

精品文檔Unit 8 Daydream a LittleEugene RaudseppDaydreaming has always had reputation, but now scientific research has revealed that daydreaming may actually improve your mental health and creativity. It can even help you achieve your desired goals.Daydreaming again, Barb? Youll never amount to anything if you spend your time that way! Cant you find something useful to do? Many youngsters have heard words like those from their parents. And until recently this hostile attitude towards daydreaming was the most common one. Daydreaming was viewed as a waste of time. Or it was considered and unhealthy escape from real life and its duties. But now some people are taking a fresh look at daydreaming. Some think it may be a very healthy thing to do.Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. Once it was thought that nighttime dreams interfered with our needed rest. But then researchers tried interrupting the dreams of sleepers. They learned that sleepers who arent allowed to dream lost the benefits of rest. They become tense and anxious. They become irritable. They have trouble concentrating. Their mental health is temporarily damaged. To feel well again, they must be allowed to dream.Now researchers are finding that daydreaming may also be important to mental health. Daydreaming, they tell us, is a good means of relaxation. But its benefits go beyond this. A number of psychologists have conducted experiments and have reached some surprising conclusions.Dr. Joan T. Freyberg has concluded that daydreaming contributes to intellectual growth. It also improves concentration, attention span, and the ability to get along with others, she says. In an experiment with school children, this same researcher found that daydreaming led the children to pay more attention to detail. They had more happy feelings. They worked together better. Another researcher reported that daydreaming seemed to produce improved self-control and creative abilities.But thats only part of the story. The most remarkable thing about daydreaming may be its usefulness in shaping our future lives as we want them to be. Industrialist Henry J. Kaiser believed that much of his success was due to the positive use of daydreaming. He maintained that you can imagine your future. Florence Nightingale dreamed of becoming a nurse. The young Thomas Edison pictured himself as an inventor. For these notable achievers, it appears that their daydreams came true.Dr. Harry Emerson Fosdick believed that the way we picture ourselves is often the way we turn out. He offered this advice: Hold a picture of yourself in your minds eye, and you will be drawn toward it. Picture yourself vividly as defeated, and that will make victory impossible. Picture yourself as winning, and that will contribute immeasurably to success. Do not picture yourself as anything, and you will drift The experiences of some athletes seem to confirm this belief. For instance, John Uelses, a former pole-vaulting champion, used daydreaming techniques before each meet. He would imagine himself winning. He would vividly picture himself clearing the bar at a certain height. He would go over all the details in his mind. He would picture the stadium and the crowds. Hed even imagine the smell of the grass and the earth. He said that this exercise of the imagination left memory traces in his mind that would later help his actual performance.Why would a mental vision of success help produce real success? Dr. Maxwel Maltz, a surgeon and author, say this: Your nervous system cannot tell the difference between an imagined experience and real experience. In either case it reacts automatically to information that you give it It reacts appropriately to what you think or imagine to be true.He believes that purposeful daydreaming builds new memories in the brain. These positive memories improve a persons self-image. And self-image has an important effect on a persons action and accomplishments.Can you use purposeful daydreaming to shape your own future? Why not try? Here is how those who believe in creative daydreaming recommend going about it. Choose a time when you can be alone and undisturbed. Close your eyes, to permit your imagination to soar more freely. Many people find that they get best results by pretending that they are sitting before a large screen. They project the desired image of themselves onto that screen.Now picture yourself as vividly as possible the way you want to be. Remember to picture your desired goals as if you had already attained them. Go over all the details of this picture. See them clearly and sharply. Impress them strongly on your memory. The resulting memory traces will supposedly start affecting your everyday life. They will help lead you to the attainment to your goals.Of course daydreaming is no substitute for hard work. If its athletic achievement you want, you also have to get lots of practice in your sport. You have to work hard to develop skills. If its school success youre after, you cant neglect studying Daydreaming alone cant turn you into your hearts desire. But in combination with the more usual methods of self-development, it might make a critical difference. It could be the difference between becoming merely good at something and becoming a champion.If what researchers are saying is true, a life lived without fantasies and daydreams isnt as rich and rewarding as life can be. So they suggest setting aside a few minutes each day for daydreaming. By so doing, you may improve your physical and mental well-being. By taking a ten-or fifteen-minute vacation into the realm of imagination each day, you may add much to the excitement and enjoyment of your life. And who knows: You might see your own daydreams come true.做點(diǎn)白日夢(mèng)“巴勃，你又在做白日夢(mèng)啦？如果你那樣消磨時(shí)間，你將一事無(wú)成！你就不能找點(diǎn)兒有用的事做做？”許多年輕人都聽(tīng)父親講過(guò)類(lèi)似的話，而且直到最近，對(duì)待白日夢(mèng)的這種敵視態(tài)度還是非常常見(jiàn)的。做白日夢(mèng)被認(rèn)為是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，或者逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)生活及其職責(zé)的不健康行為。但是，現(xiàn)在有些人對(duì)白日夢(mèng)有了全新的看法。有人認(rèn)為做白日夢(mèng)也許有益于健康。人們對(duì)白日夢(mèng)的態(tài)度正在變化，這與人們對(duì)夜間做夢(mèng)的態(tài)度的變化非常相似。人們一直認(rèn)為夜間做夢(mèng)打擾了他們所需要的的休息。后來(lái)，研究者試圖打斷睡眠者的夢(mèng)，但他們獲悉，不讓睡眠者做夢(mèng)，他們就不能從休息中獲益。他們變得緊張不安，煩躁易怒，精神難以集中，他們的精神健康受到了暫時(shí)的損害。要恢復(fù)健康，就得讓他們做夢(mèng)?，F(xiàn)在研究人員正發(fā)現(xiàn)白日夢(mèng)對(duì)心理健康也很重要。他們告訴我們，白日做夢(mèng)是一種很好的休息方式。但它們的好處并不僅限于此，一些心理學(xué)家進(jìn)行過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)，得出一些令人吃驚的結(jié)論。瓊.T.弗雷伯格博士已得出結(jié)論，白日做夢(mèng)會(huì)促進(jìn)智力發(fā)展。她說(shuō)：“白日做夢(mèng)還可以使人的注意力更集中，延長(zhǎng)注意力集中的時(shí)間，并能增強(qiáng)與別人相處的能力。對(duì)在校兒童進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)中，這位研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)白日夢(mèng)能使孩子們更加注意細(xì)節(jié)，他們感到更加愉快，能更好的合作。另一名研究人員報(bào)告說(shuō)，白日做夢(mèng)似乎能改善自制力和創(chuàng)造力。但這僅僅是事情的一部分。有關(guān)白日做夢(mèng)的最引人矚目的事情也許是它們?cè)诎凑瘴覀兊脑竿茉煳覀兾磥?lái)生活中的用處。工業(yè)家亨利.J.凱澤認(rèn)為，他的成功大部分應(yīng)歸功于對(duì)白日夢(mèng)的積極利用。他堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為“你可以想象你的未來(lái)”。佛羅倫斯.南丁格爾曾夢(mèng)想成為一名護(hù)士。年輕時(shí)代的托馬斯.愛(ài)迪生把自己想象成一個(gè)發(fā)明家。對(duì)這些著名的成功者來(lái)說(shuō)，似乎他們的白日夢(mèng)變成了現(xiàn)實(shí)。哈里.埃莫森.福斯迪克博士認(rèn)為，我們想象自己是什么樣子，結(jié)果往往就成為什么樣子的人。他個(gè)我們一個(gè)忠告，“在你心目中給自己樹(shù)立一個(gè)形象.這樣你就會(huì)向這個(gè)形象靠攏。如果你比真的想想自己被打敗了，單這一點(diǎn)你就不可能再獲得成功。如果你想想自己勝利了，那將會(huì)對(duì)成功起到不可估量的作用。如果你不在以上中為自己樹(shù)立一個(gè)形象，你就會(huì)隨波逐流”一些運(yùn)動(dòng)員的經(jīng)歷似乎證實(shí)了這種看法。例如，前撐桿跳冠軍約翰.尤賽爾斯每次運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)前都要運(yùn)用白日做夢(mèng)的技術(shù)。他想想自己贏了，他逼真的想想自己在某個(gè)高度越過(guò)了橫桿。他在腦海里把所有細(xì)節(jié)都一一想象一遍。他