百萬英鎊 .doc

Mark Twain s Linguistic Style in The Million Pound Note 馬克 吐溫 百萬英鎊 中的語言特點 CONTENTS Abstract 1 摘摘 要要 2 IIntroduction 3 IIThe Background of Mark Twain and The Million Pound Note 4 2 1 Mark Twain and His Experience 4 2 2 A Brief Introduction to The Million Pound Note 5 III The Linguistic Style in The Million Pound Note 7 3 1 The Profound Meaning of the Theme 7 3 2The Unique Artistic Techniques 9 3 3The Applications of Satire and Irony 12 IV The Significance of Mark Twain s Linguistic Style 16 4 1 The Significance on Satire and Irony 16 4 2 The Significance on the Theme 16 V Conclusion 18 References 20 Acknowledgements 21 1 Abstract As we all know Mark Twain has a great influence all over the world as well as in China In the history Mark Twain has always been respected as the father of American literature and the Abaraham Lincon of literature Mark Twain s language style the various skills in his writing satire irony wild exaggeration mocking maxims and funny quips have all contributed to his title given by his contemporaries as the greatest American humor in his age Mark Twain s fame in literature comes first and the foremost because he is very humorous in other words he has been remembered by his readers for his humor and the usage of humor and irony is the best illustrated in his book introduce Mark Twain and his experience and the plot of The Million Pound Note Secondly the author will focus on the analysis of the linguistic style in the work from the profound meaning of the theme the unique artistic techniques and the satirical and irony words in The Million Pound Note Thirdly the author will find the significance of Mark Twain s linguistic style in The Million Pound Note from the significance on satire and irony and the significance on the theme Key words The Million Pound Note Linguistic Style Mark Twain 2 摘摘 要要 眾所周知 馬克 吐溫不僅對中國具有有很大的影響力 乃至世界各地 都具有很大的影響力 在歷史上 馬克 吐溫一直被推崇為 美國文學之父 和 文學中的林肯 馬克 吐溫的語言特點 不同的寫作技巧 諷刺 幽默 野性的夸張 嘲諷的格言和 妙語連珠 這些都使他同時代人稱他為的 最偉 大的美國式的幽默 因為他的作品的諷刺和幽默 馬克 吐溫的名氣在文學 中是占有很重要的地位 換句話說 他因諷刺與幽默被讀者記住 幽默和諷刺 在他的作品中占有很大的分量 首先 本文作者將簡要的介紹馬克 吐溫及其生平 并介紹了 百萬英鎊 這本小說的主要內(nèi)容 其次 作者主要從其深刻的主題意蘊 獨到的藝術手法 以及滑稽性幽默與諷刺性幽默語言的交替應用三個方面分析了 百萬英鎊 這 本小說的語言特點 最后 作者闡述的了在 百萬英鎊 中馬克 吐溫語言特 點的重要性 關鍵詞關鍵詞 百萬英鎊 語言特點 馬克 吐溫 3 I Introduction As we all know Mark Twain has a great influence all over the world as well as in China In the history Mark Twain has always been respected as the father of American literature and the Abaraham Lincon of literature Mark Twain s language the various skill in his writing satire irony wild exaggeration mocking maxims and funny quips have all contributed to his title given by his contemporaries as the greatest American humor in his age Mark Twain s fame in literature comes first and the foremost because he is very funny in other words he has been remembered by his readers for his humor and the usage of humor and irony is the best illustrated in his book Messent 2008 23 His works make us laugh but at the same time make us think about the real meaning His writing carrier can be divided into three periods at the beginning is the humor comic work and the middle humorous irony work and late pessimistic I don t humor for humor as Mark Twain said himself He combined his humor to the irony of the dark side of the society Mark Twain worked hard all his life and created lots of master pieces From the spiritual emptiness doing nothing at all to the petty townsfolk politicians and then to money rules and spirit of moral fall all the ruler s relentless became his laugh at sarcastic and the attack of the object His works humor implicit in deep meaning in American literature make a tragic laughter exaggeration and comic technique the clever apply enhance the novel s humor and irony effect As an outstanding humor and irony master Mark Twain in his unique humorous style with the combination of covers irony art creation left us know American society and system of the precious heritage and to recognize the ugly phenomenon of American society has practical significance This paper aims to find the profound meaning of the theme the unique artistic techniques and the satire and irony words in The Million Pound Note 4 II The Background of Mark Twain and The Million Pound Note 2 1 Mark Twain and His Experience Mark Twain pseudorym of Samuel langhorne Clemens was brought up in the town of Hannibal Missouri near the Mississippi River Mark Twain was his pen name which means two fathoms indicating that the water was deep enough for safe passage He was twelve when his father died and he had to leave school He was successively a printer s apprentice a tramp printer a silver miner a steamboat pilot on the Mississippi and a frontier journalist in Nevada and California This knocking about gave him a wide knowledge of humanity As one of America s first and foremost realists and humorists Mark Twain usually wrote about his own personal experiences and things he knew about from firsthand experience His life spanned the two Americas the frontier America and the emerging urban industrial giant of the twenty century As a witness of the civil war Mark Twain saw clearly the great changes in nation s economic development and political life With the final victory over the South the North once again enjoyed its wielding power in the nation s administration Now the acute conflict at home was undermined and the American people again focused their full attention on re construction after the war Because most majority of the slaves were emancipated the slave based economy of the defeated South had its prosperity became rootless In this case clusters of groundless southern poor whites and the newly freed slaves headed directly or indirectly for the new liberated cities to seek opportunities It may be called the Gold Rush rejuvenated or rather it was so called the American Dream by some critics Twain also could not help rushing to the west to will his American dream He once believed the idea of development and industrialization since it would modernize the young country and encourage the enterprising spirit of the American who had long been famous for it He was firmly enthralled by such fever so once again he held an optimistic attitude towards the post 5 westward expansion He drew much inspiration from the unparalleled and magnificent event and spoke highly of its decision makers and its people His works fall into three main periods his early works mostly short stories mixing with humor and satire expressed his fantasy for American s democracy Running for Governor The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County The Million Pound Note were typical ones among his early works in the middle period longer novels became the focus and the satire was stronger Important works of this period included The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn his later works were plagued with anger criticism and pessimistic emotions The Man that Corrupted Hadleyburg was a typical example Mark Twain was good at using humor and satire to criticize the society and reality relentlessly His works had great influence on the later development of the American Literature 2 2 A Brief Introduction to The Million Pound Note In 1903 American seaman Henry Adams is stranded penniless in England and gets caught up in an unusual wager between two wealthy eccentric brothers Oliver and Roderick Montpelier They persuade the Bank of England to issue a one million pound banknote which they present to Adams in an envelope only telling him that it contains some money The reason for this is that Oliver believes that the mere existence of the note will enable the possessor to obtain whatever he needs while Roderick contends that it would actually have to be spent for it to be of any use Once Adams gets over the shock of discovering how much the note is worth he tries to return it to the brothers but is told that they have left for a month He then finds a letter in the envelope explaining the wager and promising him a job if he can avoid spending the note for the month At first everything goes as Oliver had predicted Adams is mistaken for an eccentric millionaire and has no trouble getting food clothes and a hotel suite on credit just by showing his note The story of the note is reported in the newspapers Adams is welcomed into exclusive social circles meeting the American ambassador and English aristocracy He becomes very friendly with Portia Lansdowne the niece 6 of the Duchess of Cromarty Then fellow American Lloyd Hastings asks him to back a business venture Hastings tells Adams that he does not have to put up any money himself the mere association will allow Hastings to raise the money he needs to start up a gold mine by selling shares Trouble arises when the Duke of Frognal who had been unceremoniously evicted from the suite Adams now occupies hides the note as a joke When Adams is unable to produce the note panic breaks out amongst the shareholders and Adams creditors Fortunately all is straightened out in the end and Adams is able to return the note to the Montpelier brothers at the end of the month 7 III The Linguistic Style in The Million Pound Note Mark Twain was the first important writer to consistently use the American speech rather than England s English His honor whether it was aimed at pure entertainment or at social satire was irresistible His realism and details influenced many later American novelists 3 1 The Profound Meaning of the Theme With only twenty thousand words in The Million Pound Note the author will vividly portray both the nobility s and the poor people s ugly faces before the money He outlined the pollution of money on capitalist society and even distorted humanity In The Dean of Athens written by the greatest English dramatist Shakespeare he made a very incisive summary on the role of money in capitalist society gold the yellow luminous and precious gold this thing only a little can make black into white foul into fair wrong into right the low into the distinguished the elder into the young the warrior into the coward The theme of Mark Twain s The Millions Pound Note is to find the phenomenon of money worship in the capitalist society We know that good literature is not a soap opera for people to pass the time but the profound implication of the work is the secret to keep the work enduring and artistic evergreen Hegel has quoted Goethe s words the highest principle of the ancient is the implication and the successful achievement of the art treatment is beautiful Here the implication refers to the ideological content of the work while its artistic treatment techniques Works without profound implication are just like a beautiful looking girl but she is illiterate and odd It is difficult to arouse people s interest The profound implication of the Mark Twain s novel is from his high degree of sensitivity to the evils of capitalist society which is full displayed in The Million Pound Note Mark Twain s literary creation has experienced a period of development of the American capitalist society from free competition to monopoly Because his father died in his early year he was to start independent lives at a very young age He worked as an apprentice in a printing plant a typesetter a navigator a soldier a miner 8 and a news reporter He has a wealth of life experience These experiences made him suffered the bitterness of human life so he can have a more profound understanding of the nature of American society The Million Pound Note was written in 1893 It is in the way of comedy and describes the fictional adventure of a poor man in the United States The ideological content of the novel is manifested through the author s superb artistic techniques He used a clever idea a profound irony and vivid description of the novel and constituted a wonderful caricature of the state of the world First we take a look at an British banknote without any use value which can make the poor man Henry Adams produce his gain and loss in a short period of thirty days When in the restaurant I could have anything I wanted any time I chose and let the account run as long as I pleased When in the tailor s shop he was free to wear a very particular and elegant suit which was custom made for foreign prince And he can pay for it without limited time even forever Within a week I was expensively equipped with all comforts and luxuries I needed and lived in an expensive private hotel in Hanover Square I had become one of the well known people of the largest city of the world You could not take up a newspaper English Scotch or Irish without finding in it some mentions about the vest pocket million pounder and his latest doings and sayings The illustrated papers made the dress so familiar that when I went out in it I was at once recognized and followed by a crowd and if I attempted a purchase the man would offer me his whole shop on credit before I could pull my note on him By reading the works we can see that the author really thorough describe the mad pursuit of money in the capitalist society as well as the philistine psychology that people who recognize money but not human The million pounds note made Henry Adams get the wealth while also made him from a reputation of innocent and honest people degenerated into a trickster and an opportunistic liar This work has written the money as the standard of respect to the people in the capitalist society the 9 power to manipulate the destiny of the people and the bane of corrupt moral It implicates a very profound meaning It is like a sword and daggers stabbed in the heart of the capitalist society which makes people alert epiphany and scared After reading the novel we cannot help but admire the exquisite and superb art of literary master The novel is the way of comedy writing and what people see is the tragedy of the money making human nature distortion Mark Twain s rich in creative and the profound implications of works are closely related to the era of his life The famous Innocents Abroad is the first book written according to his personal experience as a special correspondent in the 1866 1868 by Philadelphia cruise with a group of American tourists to Europe and the Middle East This book both laughed at the European feudal remnants and the vulgar ignorance of wealthy travelers In 1890 his novel A Corrupt Hadleyburg shows all the ugly people before money which mocks the hypocrisy of American society and the pervasive corruption These works reflect the profound theme which is the same strain with The Million Pound Note 3 2The Unique Artistic Techniques The Million Pound Note has been passed more than a hundred years and the lasting charm factor is the handling of works of art We know that the principles of literary works service for the performance of the theme Mark Twain s short story is amazing in his artistic generalization ability and artistic processing power In order to fully express the theme the novel uses narrative contrast suspense and so on and combines all kinds of pieces of scenes which make the story informative concise structure plot twists and turns and ups novelty and downs that produce very large artistic appeals First of all the author is good at using contrast techniques The so called contrast is to tie up two opposite or the same thing s both sides and set off each other in order to more fully present the essence of things In The Million Pound Note the author uses the diverse contrast There is scenes contrast the character language contrast 10 comparison of the expression comparison of mental activity and so on In the following story scene there is analysis on comparison of scene and of comparison of mental activity Let s take a look at the great changes of Henry Adams after getting one million pounds Before this Henry was ragged almost cannot be off the streets and looked greedy at the pear which is thrown in the gutter after a bite by children When he saw the remains of the meal on the table he could not help himself After he got one million pounds the authors adequately describe the scene of his entering the restaurants hotels and clothing stores the scene of participating in the society banquet of the upper classes the scene of getting the position of son in law These comparisons of scene and scene stamped in the mind of the reader and made people ponder the implication of it In addition the author uses the contrast of psychological activities to highlight the money change the human nature When Henry just opened the envelope from the millionaire he found a million dollar bills inside At first he thought was that they must have made a mistake and then he immediately ran back to millionaire house to return banknotes but he got a message from the servant s mouth that all will be OK When facing the money sent from heaven Henry was more worried he was worried that the rich man will be very anxious and he was afraid of the police coming for him From this work we can see that Henry is a conscience and moral man But with the banknote in the role of different occasions Henry became wealthy and high status and his heart has changed Though he has fear in the dead of night sleeping gorgeous and comfortable hotel and he is afraid of his own mystery pointed out by others he issued from the heart that he is already into the water he has to swim under water or he will drown Since then he exacerbated his gimmick The author is the comparison between the scene and the hero s mental activities in that way to present the change money of human nature by money in order to inspire readers to generate a deeper understanding of the theme Secondly in The Millions Pound Note the plot is twists and turns and moving and fascinating which also thanks to the suspense in the plot tactics Suspense is 11 conducive to make readers feel expecting restless and anxious psychologically in order to skillfully play the artistic tension The author causes the reader s curiosity and attracts the reader s attentio