一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)-將來(lái)時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的講解與練習(xí)

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、將來(lái)時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的講解與練習(xí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)和普遍真理。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)關(guān)鍵詞always, usually, often, sometimes , seldom極少, hardly幾乎不, never, every day(week, year, night), on Sundays, on Monday, in the evening, once/ twice/ three times a month每月一次/兩次/三次三、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1. be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)，即要在動(dòng)詞后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。四、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1. be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問(wèn)句：Be +主語(yǔ)+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Where is my bike?2. 行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+ dont( doesnt ) +動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread. 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesnt構(gòu)成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do( Does ) +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：How does your father go to work?3. 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（can, must, will, shall, might, should.）的句子變化 陳述句：主語(yǔ)+ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形+其它 否定句：主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其它 一般疑問(wèn)句： 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它+？ 特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它？ What can he do in the future?五、動(dòng)詞碰到第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的變化: 動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則1. 一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks work - works2. 以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3. 以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies carry - carries4. have - has現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)【概念】1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： 表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+be+doing【用法】肯定句：主語(yǔ)+ be+doing +其他.否定句：主語(yǔ)+ be+not+doing +其他.一般疑問(wèn)句： Be+主語(yǔ)+doing +其他？肯定回答：Yes，主語(yǔ)+be(am / is / are)特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞(what how where when.)+be + 主語(yǔ)+doing+其它+？關(guān)鍵詞：now, look , listen, at this moment一般過(guò)去時(shí)【概念】1.一般過(guò)去時(shí): 表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式（+ed）【用法】肯定句：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式（+ed）+其他.否定句：主語(yǔ)+didnt +動(dòng)詞原形+其他.一般疑問(wèn)句：Did +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes，主語(yǔ)+did.否定回答：No，主語(yǔ)+ didnt關(guān)鍵詞：last year / Monday /month., this morning, two days / three years .ago , in +過(guò)去的年份，just now, When I was 6 years old, once upon a time.2、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化：一般動(dòng)詞 +edplanted,watered,climbed以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾 +dliked輔音字母加y結(jié)尾-y+ iedstudystudied, cry- cried重讀閉音節(jié)單詞，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母雙寫最后一個(gè)字母+edstop stoppedplan - planned3不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式：原形過(guò)去式原形過(guò)去式原形過(guò)去式原形過(guò)去式sweepsweptteachtaughthave hadgowentkeepkeptthink thoughtdo didfindfoundsleepsleptbuy boughteat atesaysaidfeelfeltdrink drankis/am wastaketookreadreadgive gaveare weremeanmeantputputsing sangdrivedrovemeetmetcutcutbegin beganspeakspokemakemadeletletringrangwrite wroteseesawflyflewrun ranride rodecomecamedrawdrewsit sathearheardtelltoldgrowgrewlearnlearned/ learntgetgotknowknew一般將來(lái)時(shí)【概念】1.一般將來(lái)時(shí): 表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)（任何人稱和數(shù)）+will + 動(dòng)詞原形【用法】肯定句：主語(yǔ)+will +動(dòng)詞原形+其他.否定句：主語(yǔ)+will not （wont）+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.一般疑問(wèn)句：Will +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes，主語(yǔ)+will.否定回答：No，主語(yǔ)+ wont.【概念】2.由“主語(yǔ)+be （am; is ; are） going to +動(dòng)詞原形”來(lái)表示一般將來(lái)時(shí)?！居梅ā?. 肯定句：主語(yǔ)+be （am; is ; are） going to +動(dòng)詞原形+其他.否定句：主語(yǔ)+be （am; is ; are） +not+ going to+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.一般疑問(wèn)句：Be（Am；Is；Are）+主語(yǔ)+going to+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes，主語(yǔ)+be （am; is ; are） .否定回答：No，主語(yǔ)+ be （am; is ; are） +not.2. 雖然“will + 動(dòng)詞原形”和“be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形”都可以表示將來(lái)時(shí)，但兩者還是有些區(qū)別的。下面例句中的will 和be going to 一般不可以互換。will可以表示“主觀意愿”，或者表示“請(qǐng)求”；以及表示“不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移，自然發(fā)展的未來(lái)的事”，be going to側(cè)重于表示“打算、計(jì)劃、準(zhǔn)備要做的事”；或者“根據(jù)某種跡象判斷將要發(fā)生的事”。 名詞的復(fù)習(xí)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式變化：（1）規(guī)則變化 1）一般變化， 在名詞后加-s，如：bookbooks; bagbags 2) 以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾的名面，加-es，如：busbuses; boxboxes; watchwatches; wishwishes; glassglasses 3) 以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的單詞，變y為i再加-es，如：citycities; countrycountries; studystudies; familyfamilies 4) 以f或fe結(jié)尾的單詞，有些將f或fe變?yōu)関, 再加-es; 有些只加-s : wifewives; knifeknives; wolfwolves; thiefthieves; shelfshelves; myselfmyselves; lifelives; halfhalves; leafleaves; roofroofs; chiefchiefs; beliefbeliefs; proofproofs; handkerchiefhandkerchiefs/handerchieves(手帕頭巾)記住下面這首順口溜，相信你就不會(huì)覺(jué)得難了。妻子（wife）持刀(knife)去宰狼(wolf)，小偷(thief)嚇得發(fā)了慌；躲在架后(shelf)保己命(myself)， 半(half)片樹(shù)葉(leaf)遮目光。 按：順口溜中的黑體加粗字是小學(xué)階段學(xué)過(guò)的九個(gè)以f(e)結(jié)尾的名詞：wife(妻子)，knife(小刀)，wolf(狼)，thief(小偷)，shelf(架子)，self(自己)，life(生命)，half(一半)，leaf(樹(shù)葉)。這九個(gè)詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，都是改-f(e)為ve再加-s。由self構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞，其變化與self相同(如：myselfourselves；yourselfyourselves；himself，herselfitselfthemselves)。5) 以o結(jié)尾的名詞，有些加-s ，有些加-es。如： heroheroes; NegroNegroes; potatopotatoes; tomatotomatoes (兩人兩菜)photophotos; radioradios; pianopianos; studiostudios; bamboobamboos; zerozeros/zeroes; （2）不規(guī)則變化childchildren; footfeet; toothteeth; goosegeese; mousemice; manmen; womanwomen注意：由一個(gè)詞加man或woman構(gòu)成的合成詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式同上。EnglishmanEnglishmen; Frenchmanfrenchmen; 但GermanGermans(不是合成詞)（3）單復(fù)數(shù)同形 deer; sheep; fish; Chinese; Japanese課堂作業(yè) 一按要求寫出下列詞的其它形式： 1. house _（名詞復(fù)數(shù)） 2.play _(過(guò)去式) 3. make_ (過(guò)去式)4. orange _（名詞復(fù)數(shù)） 5. draw_(過(guò)去式) 6.buy _ (過(guò)去式)7. brush _ （名詞復(fù)數(shù)） 8. family _（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）9. bus _（名詞復(fù)數(shù)） 10.put _(過(guò)去式) 11. box _（名詞復(fù)數(shù)） 12. baby _（名詞復(fù)數(shù)） 13. class _（名詞復(fù)數(shù)） 14. factory _（名詞復(fù)數(shù)） 15.has _(過(guò)去式) 16. fly_(過(guò)去式) 17. watch _（名詞復(fù)數(shù)） 18. woman _ （名詞復(fù)數(shù)）19. go_ (過(guò)去式) 20. sing_(過(guò)去式) 21. wish _（名詞復(fù)數(shù)） 22. German _（名詞復(fù)數(shù)） 23. tomato _ （名詞復(fù)數(shù)）24.forget _ (過(guò)去式)25. kilo _（名詞復(fù)數(shù)） 26.run _ 27. build_ 28. Chinese _（名詞復(fù)數(shù)） 29.spend _(過(guò)去式) 30. Japanese _（名詞復(fù)數(shù)） 31. leaf _（名詞復(fù)數(shù)） 32. American _（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）33.sleep _ 34. tooth _（名詞復(fù)數(shù)） 35. wife _（名詞復(fù)數(shù)） 36. foot _（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）37. win_(過(guò)去式) 38. sheep _（名詞復(fù)數(shù)） 39. hear_(過(guò)去式)二單選。1. There are three _ and seven _ in the picture. A. cows, sheeps B. cows, sheep C. cow, sheep D. cow, sheeps 2. June 1 is _. A. childrens day B. childrens Day C. Childrens Day D. Childrens day 3. _ room is next to their parents. A. Kates and Joans B. Kates and Joan C. Kate and Joans D. Kate and Joan 4. Miss Green is a friend of _. A. Marys mothers B. Marys mother C. Mary mothers D. mothers of Mary 5. Sheep _ white and milk _ also white. A. is, are B. are, is C. is, is D. are, are 6. Id like to have a glass of milk and _. A. two breads B. two pieces of breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread 7. Many _ are singing over there. A. woman B. women C. girl D. child 8. He bought _. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoes C. two pairs of shoe D. two pair of shoe 9. Mr. White has three _. A. child B. children C. childs D. childrens10.Once upon a time, there_ a little girl and three bears. A were B was C are D is11.Who taught you English? My father_. A taught B teaches C was D did12._ he _ a good rest ? No, he didntA Have , had B Did, have C Did , had D Had, had13._do you play basketball? Three times a week. A How often B How much C When D Where14.Sandy _ to the Great Wall next Friday. A will go B went C is going D are going15.Listen! Your sister _. A smiling B smiles C smile D is smiling16._ he _some shopping tomorrow afternoon? A Will.does B Is.going to do C Is.doing D Shall.does17. If he _to college, he_ a lot more. A will gowill learn B will go.is going to learn C is going is going to learn D goes.will learn18. Dont talk with each other . The baby_. A sleeps B slept C was sleeping D is sleeping 19.Taiwan lies_ in the south of China. Japan lies_ the east of China. A in , on B in, to C on , in D on, to20.Please write a letter to me as_ as possible. I miss you so much. A soon B sooner C soonest D the soonest三用所給詞的正確形式填空。1.He _( need) a pair of shoes.2.Jenny runs home and _( sit) on the chair.3.She _( not do ) her homework every day.4.Look at those old people. They are _and _( sing, dance)5.They all_(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.6.Did he _(have ) lunch at home?7.I _(sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother_.8.The sun _(rise) in the east and _(set) in the west.9. Tom enjoys_(go) swimming in summer.10.You had better_(go) by bus, or you will be late.11.Tom will_(tell) Li Ming the good news as soon as he sees him.12.Last night, we_(not go) back home until the teacher left school.13.Would Mary like_( go ) to Shanghai with us?14.There _(be) a English text next Monday.15.Cant you see Im busy_(cook) ?四按要求改寫句子。1.Did you do your homework last night? （作否定回答） _2，John went to see his grandmother once a week.(就劃線部分提問(wèn)) _3.Bill went to Guangzhou last month(就劃線部分提問(wèn)) _4. I went to Beijing five times last year (改為一般疑問(wèn)句) _5.They can make good plane. (改為一般疑問(wèn)句) _6. He is drinking tea under the tree.(改為否定句) _7.Mary always talks about the fashion show. (改為一般疑問(wèn)句) _五閱讀理解。A What is the best way to learn a language? We should remember that we learned our own language well when we were children. If we learn a second language in the same way, it will not seem difficult. Think of what a small child does. He listens to what people say and tries to imitate(模仿) what he hears. When he wants something he has to ask for it, he is using the language , talking in it all the time. If people have to use a second language all the time, they will learn it quickly. We learn our own language by hearing people speak it , not by seeing what they write. We imitate what we hear. In school , though you learn to read and write as well as to hear and speak, it is best to learn all the new words through the ear. You can read them , spell them and write them later.( ) 1. Everyone learns his mother language when he _. A was a kid B is a kid C was a man D is five( ) 2. A little child learns to speak by imitating_. A what people say B what people see C what people think D what people hear( ) 3. People can learn all language quickly if they_. A read and write it sometimes B ask for it C hear it at times D use it all the time( ) 4.It is best to learn new words through_first. A reading B listening C writing D spelling .( ) 5. What is the best way to learn a language? A Listening to what people sing B Imitating what people do C Using the language all the time D Both A and BB An old man owned a very clever monkey. He was fond of the monkey. The old man loved to sit under the big tree in his garden and sleep in the afternoon. When birds came into the garden and made noises , the monkey chased him away. He also chased away flies which were on the mans face while he was sleeping .One hot summer afternoon, the old man was asleep in his chair. A fly came and sat on the end of his nose. The monkey was sitting beside the old man. He saw the fly and chased it away from the old mans nose. Soon the fly returned. The monkey chased it away again. After a while , the fly came back and the monkey chased it , and this happened five or six times. Now the monkey was angry. He jump