2021版高考英語一輪復習 Unit 1 A land of diversity課后達標檢測 新人教版選修8

unit 1 a land of diversity (建議用時：40分鐘).閱讀理解a(2020遼寧五校聯(lián)考)in a longsleeved shirt and jeans, dieudonne twahirwa looks nothing like the traditional african farmer. the 30yearold owner of gashora farm knows what a difference that makes.“you need more role models，” he said, standing among kneehigh rows of chilli(辣椒) plants. “if you have young farmers, having land and driving to the farm, others may think, why cant i do that？”mr. twahirwa, a university graduate, bought a friends tomato farm six years ago for $150. he made $1，500 back in two months. “you have to link farming with entrepreneurship and real numbers，” he said.many young africans are abandoning areas in the countryside, choosing not to work hard and for a long time in the fieldsa job made tougher by climate change.but twahirwa is one of the growing band of successful farmers working to make agricultures image on the continent more attractive. some 1，000 farmers now produce chillies for him. he is starting a fourth farm of his own, and exports fresh and dried chillies and oil to britain, the united states, india, and kenya.africa has the worlds youngest population and 65 percent of its uncultivated arable land(耕地后備資源). yet accessing land and loans is difficult, and african productivity is low with crop yields just 56 percent of the international average.“agriculture is mainly associated with suffering and no young person wants to suffer，” said tamara kaunda. she believes african agriculture needs a change to get rid of its oldfashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a hoe. “show young people tractors, green fields, nice irrigation systems and smartphones，” she said.getting young people involved in agriculture does not mean they have to work on a farm. for example, in coffee production, the beans go from the farm to the washing station, then to be separated from the husks(外殼)【解題導語】非洲青年dieudonne twahirwa從事農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，他通過自己的努力，獲得了巨大的回報；非洲有世界上最年輕的人群與大量的耕地后備資源，但是由于氣候與農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)的落后，很多年輕人都不愿意從事農(nóng)業(yè)；dieudonne twahirwa則為非洲青年樹立了榜樣。1what does “why cant i do that？” in paragraph 2 mean?awhy cant i drive to the farm?bwhy cant they farm?cthey follow the example of those farmers.dthey bought a friends tomato farm.c解析：句意理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“if you have young farmers, having land and driving to the farm, others may think, why cant i do that？”可知，此處表示如果你有年輕的農(nóng)民，他們有土地，而且開車去農(nóng)場，其他人可能會想：“為什么我不能那樣做？”該句意在表明其他人認為他們可以效仿那些農(nóng)民的做法。故選c。2what makes it harder for farmers to work?apoor land.bclimate change.clow income. dlong working hours.b解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“many young africans are abandoning areas in the countryside.a job made tougher by climate change.”可知，在非洲，讓農(nóng)民的勞動難度更大的原因是氣候變化。故選b。3what can we learn about twahirwa according to paragraph 5?ahe made a fortune by growing chillies.bhis chillies are superb in the world.cfarmers working for him live a simple life.dthe locals arent willing to buy his chillies.a解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“some 1，000 farmers now produce chillies for him. he is starting a fourth farm of his own”可推知，twahirwa通過種植紅辣椒賺了很多錢。故選a。4when it comes to agriculture in africa, what do people think about it?aloans are difficult.bmost land is uncultivated.ccrop yields are rather low.dfarming methods are out of date.d解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段中的“african agriculture needs a change to get rid of its oldfashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a hoe”可知，非洲農(nóng)業(yè)需要改變，以擺脫其傳統(tǒng)的形象：使用鋤頭的非常辛苦和累人的工作。由此可知，當談及非洲的農(nóng)業(yè)時，人們想到的是落后的耕作方法。故選d。a、b、c三項均為非洲農(nóng)業(yè)的實際情況，不是人們對其的看法。b(2020濟南高三模擬)the united states congress is responsible for making and approving federal lawsrules that everyone in the country must follow. but exactly how do those laws get made? the process is not easy, and it takes a long time.a law begins when someone puts forward an idea. the idea can come from anyone, but it has to get to a us lawmaker who wants it to become legislation(法律). in time, the idea is further developed into a written proposal, called a bill.then, a member of congress officially proposes the bill. after the bill is introduced, it is sent to a small group of lawmakers, called a “committee”. sometimes committee members seek more information about the proposal by holding hearings. sometimes the committee changes the bill. sometimes it decides not to take any action. in that case, we say lawmakers “table” the bill, or let it “die in the committee”but now and then, the bill is offered to lawmakers not on the committee. those lawmakers debate the bill further. they might change the bill again. finally, the full house or senate votes on the bill. if it does not earn the majority of votes, the bill does not advance.finally, the agreedupon bill is sent to the president. if the president signs it, the bill becomes a law. if the president does nothing and congress is officially meeting, the bill becomes a law. but if the president does nothing and congress is not in session, the bill does not pass. or the president can officially reject the bill. if that happens, the bill is not stopped. instead, it is returned to both the senate and the house. if twothirds of the senators and twothirds of the house members approve the bill once again, even with the president objecting, they turn the bill into a law.【解題導語】本文主要介紹了美國法律的制定過程。5who is the first to propose a bill?aa lawyer.ba citizen.ca member of congress. da committee member.c解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“then, a member of congress officially proposes the bill.”可知，第一個提出議案的人是國會成員。故選c。6when does a bill finally become a law?aafter it is sent to a committee.bwhen the president signs it.cafter it returns to the congress.dwhile congress is not in session.b解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“if the president signs it, the bill becomes a law.”可知，如果總統(tǒng)簽署了一致同意的議案，那么該議案就成了一項法律。7what can be inferred from the text?anot every bill can be turned into a law.banybody can put forward a proposal.cif “tabled”， the bill has to be voted on.donce proposed, the bill cant be changed.a解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)對全文的整體理解，尤其是最后三段的內(nèi)容可知，一項議案最終變成法律需要走很多程序，在這些程序中議案有可能被擱置或被否決，由此可推知，并不是每一項議案都會變成法律。.完形填空(2020濰坊統(tǒng)一考試)sitting at a table in my school cafeteria, i looked around, slowly taking in everything. for the first time in my life, i _1_ that i had been seeing without really seeing for the past two years.student after student passed my _2_ carrying that days lunch, but if you looked deeper, there was more to _3_. there was more than just the uniform they were wearing, or the way they had styled their_4_ that day. there was a lot more hidden under the _5_catching the eyes of a girl in my grade sitting at a nearby table, i _6_ politely. she smiled _7_ and then continued to pick at the spaghetti in front of her. if i hadnt _8_ recently that her mother was dying of leukemia, i would have never _9_ anything was wrong and i may not have been as_10_ and sympathetic, either. it suddenly _11_ me that we judge others too quickly without knowing the whole story. i realized that everyone may have something _12_ they are facing in their lives.i have an incurable lung disease. no one at our school knowsi dont show any noticeable _13_ except for a few coughs here and there. i go about my day like any other kid, _14_ with the realization that i have a _15_ and terrifying future.before that day when i decided to _16_ the world with a new perspective, i _17_ myself almost every day. i thought only about myself and my heavy _18_. but ive now realized that i am not the only one _19_： everyone has their own mountain to face. no one is _20_we just need to accept the way we are.【解題導語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。本文主要講述了作者觀察生活而進行反思的故事，啟迪讀者要正確看待生活中的不幸。1a.promisedbrealizedcpretended djokedb解析：根據(jù)上文中的“i looked around, slowly taking in everything”及“for the first time in my life”可知，作者意識到(realized)了些什么，故選b。2a.order broomctable dcafeteriac解析：空處與上文中的“sitting at a table in my school cafeteria”呼應，可知此處指的是學生們路過作者所坐的餐桌(table)，故選c。3a.observe bimagineccompare dexchangea解析：空處與上文中的“but if you looked deeper”呼應，可知此處表示作者認為有更多有待觀察(observe)的東西。4a.diet bclothingcbicycle dhaird解析：空處根據(jù)上文中的“the uniform they were wearing, or the way they had styled their”可知，此處表示學生們的發(fā)型，故選d。5a.surface buniformcrules dcircumstancesa解析：根據(jù)常識可知，學生的制服和發(fā)型都是外在的(surface)東西，且空處與下文中的“we judge others too quickly without knowing the whole story”呼應，故選a。6a.said bmovedcwaved dbowedc解析：根據(jù)下文中的“she smiled”可知，作者給一個女孩打了招呼(waved)，對方以微笑回應。7a.casually bweaklychappily dimpatientlyb解析：空處與下文“her mother was dying of leukemia”呼應，可知女孩因為母親病重而勉強地(weakly)對作者笑了笑。8a.found bnoticedcheard ddecidedc解析：根據(jù)語境可知，作者聽說(heard)了這個女孩家里的不幸。9a.suspected brememberedcpredicted dregretteda解析：根據(jù)語境可知，作者本不會覺得(suspected)有什么不正常的。10a.outstanding bwillingcdemanding dunderstandingd解析：空處與下文中的“sympathetic”呼應，可知作者對對方表示諒解(understanding)和同情，故選d。11a.escaped bsatisfiedchit dattractedc解析：根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示作者突然意識到，我們會在不知道整個故事的情況下迅速對其他人作出評價，故選c。hit意為“使突然意識到”。12a.extra bvaluableccommon dtoughd解析：根據(jù)語境可知，在生活中每個人都可能會面臨困境。故選d。13a.symptoms bdiseasesccomplaints dweaknessesa解析：根據(jù)語境及下文中的“except for a few coughs”可知，此處指的是一些不為人注意的癥狀(symptoms)。14a.and bbutcor dsob解析：根據(jù)語境可知，前后兩句是邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選b。15a.bright bdarkcreal dseriousb解析：空處與下文中的“terrifying”呼應，此處表示因為難以治愈的疾病，作者認為自己的前途變得黑暗(dark)和可怕，故選b。16a.change bcreatecview dtolerate c解析：根據(jù)上文中的“l(fā)ooked around”和“l(fā)ooked deeper”可知，作者一直在觀察生活，而在那天之后作者以一種新角度看待(view)世界，故選c。17a.pitied bforgavecchallenged dencourageda解析：根據(jù)語境及下文中的“i thought only about myself and my heavy _”可知，作者曾經(jīng)因為自己的病而憐憫(pitied)自己，故選a。18a.debt brewardcburden dworkloadc解析：根據(jù)語境及空前的“heavy”可知，不可治愈的病是作者沉重的負擔(burden)，故選c。19a.blessed bfavoredclaughing dsufferingd解析：根據(jù)下文中的“everyone has their own mountain to face”可知，每個人都有他們要經(jīng)歷(suffering)的困境，故選d。20a.changeable bperfectcunique ddifferentb解析：根據(jù)語境可知，每個人都不完美(perfect)，都有自己要應對的困境，我們只是需要接受自己原本的樣子，故選b。.短文改錯(2020鄭州高三質(zhì)檢)hearing youre worried the coming exam, i can quite understand you because were in the same boat. but i think we can deal with it properly and my suggestion are as follows.first of all, its normal for us to be nervous till faced with the exam which we think is important. secondly, wed better try our best to study hard and built a solid foundation, and then well feel confidence of winning by then. thirdly, no matter how we felt, the exam is still approaching. so, why not to face it bravely? after all, it is our learning process which really determines our success. if we always spare no effort on your studies, there is no need to worry, because weve done all we should. so please stay calm and relaxing. i hope my suggestions will be of help to you.答案：hearing youre worried the coming exam, i can quite understand you because were in the same boat. but i think we can deal with it properly and my are as follows.first of all, its normal for us to be nervous faced with the exam which we