外文翻譯--激光切割機(jī)的傳動(dòng)控制可變結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng).doc

徐州工程學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯學(xué)生姓名學(xué)院名稱(chēng)機(jī)電工程學(xué)院專(zhuān)業(yè)名稱(chēng)機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化指導(dǎo)教師VSSmotioncontrolforalaser-cuttingmachineAlesHace,KarelJezernik*,MartinTerbucUniversityofMaribor,FacultyofElectricalEngineeringandComputerSciences,InstituteofRobotics,Smetanovaul.17,SI-2000Maribor,SloveniaReceived18October1999；accepted2June2000AbstractAnadvancedposition-trackingcontrolalgorithmhasbeendevelopedandappliedtoaCNCmotioncontrollerinalaser-cuttingmachine.Thedrivetrainsofthelaser-cuttingmachinearecomposedofbelt-drives.Theelasticservomechanismcanbedescribedbyatwo-masssysteminterconnectedbyaspring.Owingtothepresenceofelasticity,frictionanddisturbances,theclosed-loopperformanceusingaconventionalcontrolapproachislimited.Therefore,themotioncontrolalgorithmisderivedusingthevariablesystemstructurecontroltheory.Itisshownthattheproposedcontrole!ectivelysuppressesthemechanicalvibrationsandensurescompensationofthesystemuncertainties.Thus,accuratepositiontrackingisguaranteed.(2001ElsevierSciencetd.Allrightsreserved.)Keywords:Positioncontrol；Drives；Servomechanisms；Vibrations；Variablestructurecontrol；Chattering；Disturbancerejection；Robustcontrol1.IntroductionFormanyindustrialdrives,theperformanceofmotioncontrolisofparticularimportance.Rapiddynamicbehaviourandaccuratepositiontrajectorytrackingareofthehighestinterest.Applicationssuchasmachinetoolshavetosatisfythesehighdemands.Rapidmovementwithhighaccuracyathighspeedisdemandedforlasercuttingmachinestoo.Thispaperdescribesmotioncontrolalgorithmforalow-costlaser-cuttingmachinethathasbeenbuiltonthebaseofaplanarCartesiantablewithtwodegrees-of-freedom(Fig.1).Thedrivetrainsofthelaser-cuttingmachinearecomposedofbelt-driveswithatimingbelt.Theuseoftimingbeltsinthedrivesystemisattractivebecauseoftheirhighspeed,highefficiency,longtravellengthsandlow-cost(Haus,1996).Ontheotherhand,theyyieldmoreuncertaindynamicsandahighertransmissionerror(Kagotani,Koyama&Ueda,1993).Consequently,belt-drivessufferfromlowerrepeatabilityandaccuracy.Moreover,thebelt-drivedynamicsincludemoreresonancefrequencies,whichareadestabilisingfactorinafeedbackcontrol(Moon,1997).Therefore,aconventionalcontrolapproachlikePI,PDorPIDcontrolfailstoachieveacceptableperformance.Plantparametervariations,uncertaindynamicsandloadtorquedisturbances,aswellasmechanicalvibrations,arefactorsthathavetobeaddressedtoguaranteerobustsystemstabilityandthehighperformanceofthesystem.Anadvancedrobustmotioncontrolschemeisintroducedinthispaper,whichdealswiththeissuesrelatedtomotioncontrolofthedriveswithtimingbelts.ThecontrolschemeisdevelopedonthebasisofthemotioncontrolalgorithmintroducedbyJezernik,CurkandHarnik(1994).Itpossessesrobustpropertiesagainstthedisturbancesthatareassociatedwithanominalplantmodel,asithasbeendevelopedwiththeuseofthevariablestructuresystem(VSS)theory(Utkin,1992).Thecrucialpartofthecontrolschemeistheasymptoticdisturbanceestimator.However,asshowninthispaper,itfailstostabiliseresonantbeltdynamics,sinceitwasdevelopedforarigidrobotmechanism.Therefore,thispaperintroducesanimprovedmotioncontrolscheme,whichsuppressesthevibrationsthatwouldariseduetothenon-rigid,elasticdrive.Consequently,arapidresponsewithlowpositiontrackingerrorisguaranteed.Thepaperissetoutasfollows.Thelaser-cuttingmachineispresentedandthecontrolplantmodelofthemachinedrivesisdevelopedinSection2.InSection3,theVSScontrolregardingtheelasticservomechanismisdiscussedandthederivationofthemotioncontrolschemeisdescribed.Section4presentstheexperimentalresultsandafollow-updiscussion.ThepaperissummarizedandconcludedinSection5.2.Thecontrolplant2.1.ThemachinedescriptionThelaser-cuttingmachineconsistsoftheXYhorizontaltableandalasersystem(Fig.1).Thefundamentalcomponentsofthelasersystemare:thepowersupplyunit,whichisplacedoffthetableandthusisnotconsideredinthemotioncontroldesign；thelaser-beamsource,whichgeneratesthelaserbeam(thelaser-generator)；thelaser-head,whichdirectsthelaserbeamontothedesiredpositioninthecuttingplane.Fig.1.Themachineandthecontrollerhardware.Thetablehastomoveandpositionthelaserheadinahorizontalplane.Thisisachievedbythemeansofadrivesystemwithtwoindependentmotionaxes.TheyprovidemovementalongtheCartesiansXYaxesof2and1m,respectively.TheX-driveprovidesthemotionofthelaser-headinX-direction.Thedriveandthelaser-headaswellasthelaser-generatorareplacedonthebridgetoensureahigh-qualityopticalpathforthelaser-beam.ThemovementofthebridgealongtheY-axisisprovidedbytheY-drive.Thelaser-headrepresentstheX-driveload,whiletheY-driveisloadedbythebridge,whichcarriesthecompleteX-drivesystem,thelaser-head,andthelaser-generator.Theloadsslideoverthefrictionlessslidesurface.Thepositioningsystemconsistsofthemotioncontroller,theamplifiers,theDC-motorsandthedrivetrains.TheX-drivetrainiscomposedofagearboxandabelt-drive(Fig.2).Thegearboxreducesthemotorspeed,whilethebelt-driveconvertsrotarymotionintolinearmotion.Thebelt-driveconsistsofatimingbeltandoftwopulleys:adrivingpulleyandadrivenpulleythatstretchthebelt.TheY-drivetr