英語最常用的幾種時態(tài)與時間狀語的搭配

1、最常用的幾種時態(tài)與時間狀語的搭配一般過去時yesterday(afternoon), last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now, today, this week etc.一般現(xiàn)在時頻度adv.every ,on/at/over weekends, once a week 一般將來時next year, tomorrow, in the future,before long etc.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時now,right now, at present,at this moment, these days過去進(jìn)行時this morn

2、ing, the whole morning, all day, this time yesterday, from 9 to 10 last evening when, while, then etc.現(xiàn)在完成時for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past years, always, recently, before etc.過去完成時by the time, until, when, after, since, (long) before etc.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時 all thi

3、s time, this week(month.), all night(the morning), recently,及since和 for引導(dǎo)的狀語過去將來時多用在間接引語中表示發(fā)生在謂語動作以后的動作一、一般現(xiàn)在時1.表示經(jīng)常習(xí)慣的動作(頻率詞) It often snows here. He gets up at 6 every day.2.表示主語現(xiàn)在的特征或狀態(tài) He loves sports. We are in the same class.3.表示永恒不變的真理和事實(shí)或格言警句 Knowledge is power. The sun rises in the east. 特殊

4、用法：1.按計(jì)劃(時間表/時刻表/日程表)將要發(fā)生，句中有時有將來的時間狀語，但不用將來時,要用一般現(xiàn)在時1.Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 _A_ off at 8:20. (06四川)A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken2.The train _leaves_ at three this afternoon.2.狀語從句“主將從現(xiàn)”時間、條件、方式、讓步狀語從句中用現(xiàn)在時表示將來 “主將從現(xiàn)” if/when/until/as soon as/though.一般現(xiàn)在時:表示將要

5、發(fā)生的動作 現(xiàn)在完成時:表示將來已經(jīng)完成的動作1.If their marketing plans succeed, they _A_ their sales by 20 percent. (2008全國2)A. will increase B. have been increasingC. have increased D. would be increasing2.I _C_ leave at the end of this month. Really? I dont think you should leave until you _ another job. A. am going t

6、o, find B. will, will found C. am going to, have found D. will, had found二、一般過去時1.表在過去發(fā)生的和現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)系的動作或狀態(tài)明示:yesterday, ago, last , just now, in 1990暗示:when I was a little girl, when he put on his coat2.描述過去的情況言外之意:只有過去如此 現(xiàn)在并非如此Edward, you play so well. But I _ you played the piano. (2009全國I) A. didnt k

7、now B. hadnt known （A） C. dont know D. havent known三、一般將來時1.表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)Ill return you the book next week. Shell be twenty years old next year.2.表示一種傾向或習(xí)慣動作Well die without air or water. Whenever Im in trouble, hell come to help me.表示將來時的六種形式 will /shall +動詞原形（單純的將來/說話時的臨時決定） be going to do(客觀計(jì)劃)

8、 be about to do(即將/馬上要做某事) be to do(表示職責(zé)命令,相當(dāng)于should/must;或表示“注定”)(可用于條件句中） be doing(瞬間動詞用表將來) 一般現(xiàn)在時(強(qiáng)調(diào)動作“列入日程”)1) be going to 表示即將發(fā)生的或最近打算進(jìn)行的事情，而will表示談話時臨時決定的意圖，具有臨時性和偶然性。 Kate is in hospital. （A） Oh, really? I _. _ visit her. A. didnt know; Ill go and B. dont know; Ill go and C. dont know; Im goi

9、ng to D. didnt know; Im going to -Alice, why didnt you come yesterday? （C） -I _, but I had an unexpected visitor. A. had B. would C. was going to D. did 2) be going to 可用來表達(dá)某種跡象要發(fā)生的事。而will 不能表示 Look at the clouds! Its going to rain.3) be about to do =be on the point of doing表示說話時就要發(fā)生的動作，不與表示將來的時間狀語連

10、用。 常構(gòu)成句型： be about to do when. when 并列連詞 就在這時 I was about to leave when it rained. 4). be to do 表示約定,計(jì)劃be going to;職責(zé)、義務(wù);命令、要求;可以；想要；不可避免,注定要發(fā)生的事等(過去式was/were to do) be to do 可用于條件從句中 The Queen is to visit Japan in a weeks time.(計(jì)劃) You are to report to the police.(要求) You are not to make noises in

11、the classroom.(命令) Such people are to be found everywhere. (可以) If we are to be there before ten, well have to go now.(想要) This discovery was to have a major effect on the treatment of heart disease.(注定要發(fā)生) You are to answer for what you have done. .(注定要發(fā)生) Even if the sun were to rise in the west,

12、I would never do such a thing. (虛擬條件句)5)某些瞬間動詞“go, come, arrive ,leave ,start, begin, fly, take ”等用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將要發(fā)生的動作。 Ive won a holiday for two to Floria. I _my mum. （A） A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have been 6)一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來，特別用于車、船、飛機(jī)等時刻表中安排好的。The plane leaves tomorrow.(盡管有tomorrow, 但沒有will

13、,be going to )四、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時1.此刻正在進(jìn)行的動作(look, listen, now) We are having an English lesson now.2.短期內(nèi)持續(xù)的動作(當(dāng)時不一定在進(jìn)行) Im preparing for the test these months.3.與always, usually, all the time, forever, continually, constantly連用，表示某種情緒, You are always forgetting the important things. My teacher is forever criti

14、cizing us. My wife is asking me for money all the time.特殊用法： 1. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時可以表示一般將來時，常用于下列動詞：go ,come, leave, begin, arrive ,return, fly, drive，take等。 Were moving to the new building next week. 2. 表示“存在,所有,知覺,認(rèn)識,感情”等狀態(tài)的詞一般不用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)存在： keep ,stay , remain , be, consist of , contain所有： have ,belong to , posse

15、ss, own , hold 知覺： sound(聽起來), look /seem /appear (看起來), smell(聞起來), taste(嘗起來),feel (摸起來), see ,hear認(rèn)識： understand, know, suppose, remember, admit, forget, believe, think情感： like, love, hate , prefer, 3.表示委婉意義 某些動詞，如hope，want，wonder等與進(jìn)行時連用時，常探詢式地表示一種愿望或態(tài)度。此用法在語言上 顯得含蓄、委婉，如果改用現(xiàn)在時，則顯得不那么隱諱且稍欠禮貌。 Im h

16、oping to borrow some money.我希望借些錢。 I was wondering if you could help me. 不知道你能否幫助我。 4.be有時可用于進(jìn)行時，強(qiáng)調(diào)短暫的行為或表示“故意”；而一般現(xiàn)在時則表示永久的特征。 You are not being modest. 你這樣說不謙虛。You are not modest. 你不是一個虛心的人。 You are being stupid. 你在裝糊涂/你這是一時糊涂。 You are stupid 你很糊涂。 五、過去進(jìn)行時1、在過去某一時間點(diǎn)/某一時間段正在進(jìn)行的動作 標(biāo)志詞：at that time /

17、 moment / at this time yesterday2、過去進(jìn)行時(作背景)+一般過去時I _ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident_.(06安徽) （C）A.went, was occurring B. went, occurred C. was going, occurred D. was going, had occurred六、現(xiàn)在完成時1.過去的動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生直接影響Why does the Lake smell terrible? Because large quantities o

18、f water _.(09福建) A. have polluted B. is being polluted （D） C. has been polluted D. have been polluted2.始于過去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作(+時間段)標(biāo)志詞：since, so far, in the past years, in the recent years:從過去到現(xiàn)在的幾年- _ David and Vicky _ married? -For about three years. (2003北京) （C） A. How long werebeing B. How long havegot C

19、. How long have been D. How long didgetIt/This is the . time that +現(xiàn)在完成時 It/This was the . time that +過去完成時一般過去時可以和明確過去時間搭配 現(xiàn)在完成時不可以All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness _ . (2003全國) （C） A. has grown B. is growing C. grew D. had grown Danny _ hard for long

20、 to realize his dream and now he is popular. (2007福建)A. works B. is working （C） C. has worked D. worked七、過去完成時1 在過去之前發(fā)生的動作 “過去的過去”by the end of +過去時間/be the time +從句(用一般過去時),其主句用過去完成時The film had already begun when I got there./They had left before I returned./ We had finished the work by last month

21、( by the time he came.)2 表示由過去某一時間開始，一直延續(xù)到過去另一個時間的動作或狀態(tài) I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.3 用于hardly when ;no sooner than （一就）等句子中 Hardly had we arrived when she started complaining.4 hope ,think, expect ,intend ,mean ,suppose ,want ,imagine等用于過去完成,表示過去未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望或意圖 I had

22、 hoped to be able to take my seat in all this noise without being found.5 用于對過去假設(shè)的虛擬語氣中的從句If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I would have telephoned you .八、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行1 在不用時間狀語的情況下,現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時表示動作仍在進(jìn)行.而現(xiàn)在完成時則表示動作在過去已結(jié)束The students have been preparing for the exam. （還在進(jìn)行）學(xué)生們一直在準(zhǔn)備考試。The students h

23、ave prepared for the exam. （已經(jīng)結(jié)束）學(xué)生們?yōu)榭荚囎髁藴?zhǔn)備。 2 有些表示狀態(tài),感情,感覺的靜態(tài)動詞,如:have, like, hate, hear, know, sound等動詞不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，但可用于現(xiàn)在完成時。如： Theyve known each other since 1970. 自從1970年起他們就相互認(rèn)識了。 3 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時也可表示現(xiàn)在以前這段時間反復(fù)發(fā)生的事情。如： Weve been meeting each other quite a lot recently. 最近我們經(jīng)常見面。九、過去將來1 主要表示從過去某時看將要發(fā)生動作

24、或存在狀態(tài) I was sure that they would succeed. He said he was going to have a try.2 在時間和條件狀語從句中，過去將來時可用一般過去時來代替He said he would drop in when he had time其他幾種時態(tài)的替代問題一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時 ：除了在時間、條件、讓步狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時外，表示現(xiàn)在已安排好的未來事項(xiàng)，行程等活動也用一般現(xiàn)在時來代替將來時。如： The museum opens at ten tomorrow.博物館明天10點(diǎn)開門。(實(shí)際上每天如此。) 一般現(xiàn)在時代替完成時

25、：句型 “It is since”代替“It has been since ” It is (= has been) five years since we last met 一般現(xiàn)在時代替進(jìn)行時：在全部倒裝句中都用一般現(xiàn)在時代替現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。 Look, here comes Mr. Li. 時態(tài)是謂語動詞所表示的動作或情況發(fā)生事件的各種形式。英語動詞有16種時態(tài)。但常見的只有9種：一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、一般將來時、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時、過去進(jìn)行時、現(xiàn)在完成時、過去完成時、過去將來時、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。老師先給你介紹幾種，以后你可以具體地問：1.一般現(xiàn)在時的用法（1）表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作、存在的狀態(tài)或現(xiàn)階