2019年北京中考英語真題試卷及答案

1、2019年北京市中考英語考試逐題解析知識運用（共14分）一、單項填空（共6分，每小題0.5分）從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1. Mr. Wang is coming to our school. I cant wait to see .A. herB. him C. itD. them【正確答案】B【解題思路】本題考查人稱代詞的賓格。根據(jù)題干中“Mr. Wang”可知性別為男性。選 項A “她”；選項B“他”；選項C“它”；選項D “他們”。故正確答案案為選項B。2. We planted some flowers the garden yester

2、day.A. onB. to C. inD. of【正確答案】C【解題思路】本題考查方位介詞。根據(jù)題干中“We planted flowers_garden”可 知花應(yīng)該種在花園“里選項A“在.上”；選項B“到去選項C“在里”；選項D.的”。故正確答案為選項C。3. - Excuse me, is this T-shirt?-Its 88 yuan.A. how muchB. how manyC. how longD. how old【正確答案】A【解題思路】本題考查特殊疑問詞。根據(jù)答句中“Its 88 yuan.”可知問句是在問價錢 選項A “多少錢”；選項B “多少”；選項C “多長”；選

3、項D “多大（年齡）故正確答案為 選項A。4. - Lily, you finish the letter in ten minutes?-Yes, I can.A. must B. should C. need D. can【正確答案】D【解題思路】本題考查情態(tài)動詞。根據(jù)答句中“Yes, I can?可知問句是在問是否“能 夠”在10分鐘內(nèi)完成信件。選項A “必須”；選項B “應(yīng)該” C “需要”；選項D “能 夠”。故正確答案為選項D。5. This cap is nice, it doesnt look good on me.A. forB. so C. butD. or【正確答案】C【

4、解題思路】本題考查連詞。題干譯為“這個帽子很好看， 它在我身上看起來 不太好?！边x項A“對于，為了”選項B “所以”；選項C “但是”；選項D “或者”。故正確 答案為選項Co6. Julie takes good care of the family dog. She is than her brother.A. patientB. more patientC. most patientD. the most patient【正確答案】B【解題思路】本題考查形容詞比較級。根據(jù)題干中的“than her brother,康格選比較 級。此題目中選項A為形容詞原級；選項B為形容詞比較級；選項C”

5、為形容詞最高級, 但缺少定冠詞“the”；選項D為形容詞最高級。故正確答案為選項B。7. Sam with his friends every weekend.A. skatesB. js skatingC. has skatedD. was skating【正確答案】A【解題思路】本題考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)題干中的標志詞every weekend0可知該題應(yīng)選擇 一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，再根據(jù)主語“Sam”可知動詞應(yīng)該用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。選項A是一般 現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式；選項B是現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)；選項C是現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài); 選項D是過去進行時態(tài)。故正確答案為選項Ao8. Tom, whats your d

6、ad doing?-He my bike.A. repairsB. will repairC. has repaired4正確答案】DD. is repairing【解題思路】本題考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)題干中“whats your dad doing?”可知該題應(yīng)選擇現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)。選項A是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式；選項B是一般將來時 態(tài)；選項C是現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)；選項D是現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)。故正確答案為選項D。9. Our school life a lot since 2017. We have more activities now. A.changesB. changedC. will chan

7、ge【正確答案】DD. has changed【解題思路】本題考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)題干中的標志詞Hsince2017；可知該題應(yīng)選擇現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。選項A為一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)；選項B為一般過去時態(tài)；選項C為一源輯時態(tài); 選項D為現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。故正確答案為選項D。10. If you want to visit the Palace Museum, I tickets for you tomorrow.A. will bookB. bookedC. have bookedD. was booking【正確答案】A【解題思路】本題考查時態(tài)o根據(jù)題干中的標志詞“tomorrow以及“if，引導的條件狀語從句可知，

8、句意應(yīng)為“如果你想要參觀故宮，明天我將給你訂兩張票”，可知該題應(yīng) 選擇一般將來時態(tài)。選項A為一般將來時態(tài)；選項B為一般過去時態(tài)；選項C為現(xiàn)在 完成時態(tài)；選項D為過去進寸態(tài)。故正確答案為選項A。11. My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday.A. acceptsB. acceptedC. was acceptedD. is accepted【正確答案】C【解題思路】本題考查被動語態(tài)。該題主語是“My advice”譯為“我的建議”，謂語動 詞為“accept”譯為“接受”?！敖ㄗh”不能主動發(fā)出“接受”的動作，只能“被接受”，是

9、 動賓關(guān)系，確定該題考查被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主猙+done”，選項A 和選項B不是被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)，均排除；選項C是一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)；選項 D是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)題干中的時間標志詞“l(fā)ast Monday1可知該 題應(yīng)該選擇一般過去時態(tài)。故正確答案為選項C。12. - Did you notice in her office?-Yes. She was going over our writing.A. what was Miss Lin doing B. what Miss Lin was doingC. what does Miss Lin do D. wha

10、t Miss Lin does【正確答案】B.【解題思路】本題考查賓語從句。賓語從句需遵循“陳述語序”原則，因此排除選項A 和選項C。選項B為過去進行時態(tài)；選項D為一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。由題干中主句uDid you notice”，可知該題應(yīng)選擇一般過去時態(tài)，排除選項D。故正確答案為選項B。二、完形填空（共8分，每小題1分）閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中， 選擇最佳選項。Run for Class PresidentTwo months ago, when our class election (選舉)started, I decided to run fo

11、r class president. I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people, so I felt it easy to win. But I was (13) that people would feel bad for me if I lost.I was busy preparing in the following week. My plan wasnt to make promises to do things I couldnt (14) but to show my class why I wante

12、d to be president. I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom. I also spent three hours writing my speech, saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem. Since I was (15) prepared, I felt that my chances of winning were strong.However, when I gave my speech on El

13、ection Day, the response (反應(yīng))wasnt what I had (16). Few people actually listened. When it was my opponents (對 手的)turn, everyone was screaming his name. His speech was short, but all to the point. By then, I realized I should have made mine shorter and clearer.It was obvious who would (17). For the r

14、est of the day, I felt like it was over. I wanted to just go home and cry, but I made it through.My (18) was right: I didnt win.The next day, people were still talking about the election. I just pretended (假裝) not to hear. But later, things got better. People (19) about the election and talked to me

15、 just as they did before.I dont regret putting time and energy into the election because Ive learned that things arent always going the way I expect. And moments of failure like this build (20) since then Ive learned to face disappointment and grown stronger.13. A. boredB. afraidC. excitedD. hopeful

16、【正確答案】B【解題思路】本題考查形容詞。本句譯為“但是如果我輸了，我會 人們會覺得 我很糟糕”。根據(jù)文章第一段倒數(shù)第二句“我對贏感到并不費力”可以推斷出，如果輸我 會感到負向情緒。選項A譯為“感到無聊的”；選項B譯為“害怕的”；選項C譯為“感 到興奮的”；選項D譯為“有希望的”。根據(jù)文章語境答案為選項B。14. A. compare B. remember C. manage D. repeat【正確答案】C【解題思路】本題考查動詞。本句譯為我的計劃不是做出我根本不能 的承 諾，而是向我的班級展示出為什么我想當這個班長”。選項A場為，推較”；選項B譯為 “記得”；選項C譯為“設(shè)法，掌控，控制

17、，管理”；選項D譯為“重復”。根據(jù)文章語境判 斷。故正確答案為選項C。15. A. fully B. quickly C. freshly D. physically【正確答案】A 【解題思路】本題考查副詞。本句譯為因為我 準備好了我感到我贏的機會 很大”。選項A譯為“完全地”；選項B譯為快速地”；選項C譯為新鮮地”；選項D 譯為,“身體上地”。結(jié)合前文作者“張貼海報”“花費三個小時寫演講稿”，以及“贏的機 會很大”，可知作者“完全準備好了”。故正確答案為選項A。16. A. feared B. faced C. mentioned D. pictured【正確答案】D【解題思路本題考查動詞。

18、本句譯為“然而，當我在選舉日進行演講時，（臺下的）反 應(yīng)并不是我所 %選項A譯為“害怕”；選項B譯為“面對”；選項C譯為“提到”; 選項D譯為“在腦中描繪，想象”。結(jié)合前文作者“覺得自己會贏得選舉”，以友后文“幾 乎沒有人真地在聽”，先后形成對比，可知“（臺下的）反應(yīng)并不是我所想象的那樣”。故 正確答案為選項D。17. A. insistB. returnC. waitD. win【正確答案】D【解題思路】本題考查動詞。本句譯為“誰會 _是很明顯的”。選項A譯為堅 持”；選項B譯為“歸還，返回”；選項C譯為“等待”；選項D譯為“贏，勝利”。文章主 題為“班長選舉”，此處作者在預測選舉的結(jié)果，也

19、是卮win”中動詞win的 復現(xiàn)。故正確答案為選項D。18. A. suggestion B. prediction C. direction D. introduction【確答案】B【解題思路】本題考查名詞。本句譯為“我的 是正確的我沒有贏”。選項A 譯為“建議”；選項B譯為預測”；選項C譯為“方向”；選項D譯為“介紹”。前文提到 “我感覺結(jié)束了，我只想回家哭泣”，可知此時作者已經(jīng)知道自己選不上了。故正確答案 列選項Bo19. A. forgot B. wrote C. cared D. discussed【正確答案】A【解題思路】本題考查動詞。本句譯為“人們 這個選舉，仍然像之前那樣和我

20、 聊天，選項A譯為“忘記”；選項B譯為“書寫”；選項C譯為“關(guān)心”；選項D譯為“討 論。前文提到作者假裝沒有聽到大家的聊天，但是之后，事情變好了，噬案忘記了 選舉。故正確答案為選項A。20. A. trust B. pride C. character D. support【正確答案l.G【解題思路】本題考查名詞。本句譯為“像這樣的失敗的時刻塑造了 一用為 我學會了面對失望，并且（讓自己）變得更強大”。選項A譯為“信任”；選頊它譯為“自 豪”；選項C譯為“品質(zhì)性格，特征”；選項D譯為“支持”。破折號后面的內(nèi)容是對前 面的解釋說明，同時根據(jù)文章語境判斷。故正確答案為選項Co閱讀理解（共36分）三

21、、閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中, 選擇最佳選項。（共26分，每小題2分）AExperiencing ChinaMike, CanadaI spent three months with my host family （接待家庭）in China. It was a lifetime experience. I was able to experience Chinese living and culture, from basic Tai Chi to Beijing Opera. I even visited a famous traditional

22、 Chinese medicine hospital. Now I have a better understanding of Chinese culture.Joanna, AustraliaI stayed with my host family for five months. My host mother is a Chinese teacher and she is really warm-hearted. With her help, my Chinese has improved a lot. And I have got used to a new culture. My f

23、avorite part of the experience was sharing my feelings in China with her.Bill, AmericaMy host mother is a wonderful cook! She makes me all kinds of traditional Chinese dishes. They are tasty and I like them very much. Just like me, my host parents love to learn about different cultures. They often a

24、sk me questions about life in America.Cindy, GermanyRecently I took part in a program to study Chinese. I lived with a host family in China for six months. My host sister is a really hardworking student. It was amazing to see how she made progress in English. And a close relationship has developed b

25、etween us.21. Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital?A. Mike. B. Joanna. C. Bill. D. Cindy.【正確答案】 A【解題思路】本題屬于細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵信息“Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital?*,定位至文章第一段第三行“I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital.”。故正確答案為選項 Ao22. How long did Joann

26、a stay with her host family in China?A. Three months.B. Four months.C. Five months.D. Six months.【正確答案】C【解題思路】本題屬于細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵信息HHow long did Joanna stay withher host 伯mily” 定位到第二段第一行,ul stayed with niy host family for five months% 故正確答案為選項C。23. Cindy thinks her host sister is .A. a wonderful cook B

27、. a responsible doctorC. a warm-hearted teacher D. a hardworking student【正確答案】D【解題思路】本題屬于細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵信息“Cindy thinks her host sister； 可定位到文章第四段第二行“My host sister is a really hardworking student”。故正確 答案為選項D。BBlue LightningSally loved cars more than anything else. This spring she thought of building a

28、 go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race. So she asked her dad for help.Well,” he said. How about this: you do some research first andthen come back to me with a design/*A week later, Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad. She named her go- kart HBlue Lightning. Dad looked over her work, thinking.

29、 Well, thats interesting/ he said. Have a try. Just build Blue Lightning as youve designed.nOver three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her design into a real, working go- kart and painted it light blue. Dad asked her to take it for a test drive. Sally agreed. After she did that, Sally drove back

30、 to Dad. MWell,w she said. HNow I know why you wanted me to have a test drive.”“Oh, do you?* he said. Please share.When I drove fast, there was a lot of pushback, she said. ul think its because of the lightning bolt （閃電）shape.Very good! Dad said.“So, why didnt you tell me about that problem in the f

31、irst place?” Sally asked.Dad laughed. Wheres the fun in that? If you give a man a fish, hell eat for a day. But if you teach a man to fish, hell eat for a lifetime/*Sally said, I see. Anyway, designing is half the fun!Dad smiled. Good. Sometimes, learning happens during the process. We learn how to

32、do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way.That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder. When she showed Dad her new go-kart, he nodded with pride.Finally came the race. Sally wasnt worried about whether she would win in her mind, she had already won, by b

33、uilding something better than ever before.24. Sally thought of building a go-kart to .A. practice drivingB. enter for a raceC. play with friendsD. do some research【正確答案】餌【解題患路】本題屬于細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵信息uSally thought of building a go- kart ”，定位至文章第一段第二句This spring she thought of building a go-kart to enter

34、for the Go-Go Race”。故正確答案為選項Bo25. What did Sallys dad ask her to do after she built the go-kart?A. To have a test drive.B. lb take a good rest.C. lb give it a cool name.D. To paint it light blue.【正確答案】A【解題思路】本題屬于細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵信扈*wdid Sallys dad ask after she built the go-kart,定位至文章第四段最后一句Dad asked her

35、 to take it for a test drive；可知在她完成go-kart之后，爸爸要求她去試駕。故正確答案為選項A。26. Sallys story mainly tells us that .A. winning a race is importantB. fishing brings us a lot of funC. driving experience is necessaryD. learning happens during the process【正確答案】D【解題思路】本題屬于主旨題。根據(jù)最后一段比賽后的總結(jié)Sally wasnt worried whether s

36、he would win in her mind, she had already won, by building something betterthao-ever before；可知通過建造了前所未有的東西，Sally在心中認為自己已經(jīng) 獲勝，同時，在文章倒數(shù)第三段第一行爸爸的話中也有體現(xiàn)。故正確答案.為DCSometimes it seems that time is flying. Perhaps it doesnt need to feel this way. Our experience of time can be possibly changed. By understand

37、ing the psychological （心理學的）processes behind our different experiences of time, we might be able to slow down time a little.One basic law of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when were12 exposed （接觸）to new environments and experiences. The law is caused by the relationship between o

38、ur experience of time and the amount of information our minds process. The more information our minds take in, the slower time seems to pass.It follows, then, that we have different experiences of time in different situations. In some situations, our life is full of new experiences. Our minds proces

39、s a lot of information and time seems to slow down. In other situations, we have fewer new experiences and the world around us becomes more and more familiar （熟悉的）.We become insensitive to our experience, which means we process less information, and time seems to speed up.How can we slow down time?

40、Here are two suggestions.Firstly, since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster, we can expose ourselves to as many new experiences as possible. We can give ourselves new challenges, meet new people, and expose our minds to new information, hobbies and skills. This will increase the amount o

41、f information our minds process and expand （增 力口）our experience of time.Secondly, and perhaps most effectively, we can give our whole attention to an experience to what we are seeing, feeling, tasting, smelling or hearing. This means living through our senses rather than through our thoughts. For ex

42、ample, on the way home, focus your attention outside of yourself, instead of thinking about the problems you have to deal with. Look at the sky, or at the buildings you pass, traveling among them. This open attitude to your experiences helps take in more information and also has a time-expanding eff

43、ect.7b a certain degree, we can understand and control our experience of time passing. Its possible for us to slow down time by expanding our experience of time.1327. According to the writer, we can expand our experience of time by .A. going to bed on time B. traveling to new placesC. having dinner

44、as usual D. printing the same materials【正確答案】B【解題思路】本題屬于細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干內(nèi)容定位型夾拿第密段最后一句“This will increase the amount of information our minds process and expand our experience of time”，這會讓我們對于時間的體驗增加，其中this指代前面的“give ourselves new challenges, meet new people, and expose our minds to new information, hobbies

45、 and skills；譯為“接受新的挑戰(zhàn)，遇見新的人，接觸新的信息、，酵湘技能”，核心思想即: 接觸不同的新事物，選項B譯為“旅行到新的地方”。故正確答案為選項B。28. What can we learn from the passage?A. Being familiar with the world around helps us get more information.B. Understanding psychological time makes life pass more quickly.C. We can take in more information by livin

46、g through our senses.D. We should build a stronger relationship between time and us.【正確答案】C It- * 【解題思路】本題屬于推斷題。選項A譯為“熟悉周圍的世界幫助我彳項號割黑多的信 息定位到第三段四、五句“the world around us becomes more and more familiar.which means we process less information, 意思是“我們周圍的世界變得越 來越熟悉，這就意味著我們可以處理更少的信息”，選項A和原文描述不一致，故排除； 選項B譯

47、為“理解心理學的時間讓生活過得更快”定位到第一段最后一句“By understanding the psychological processes-we might be able to slow down time a little”，意思是“通過理解的心理過程，我們也許能夠讓時間慢一點”，選項B和原文 意思相反，故排除；選項C譯為“在生活中我們可以通過感知獲取更多信息”定位到第六段第二句“This means living through our senses.葺 和第五句 MThis. helps take in more information；選項C與原文一致，正確；選項D譯為“我們

48、應(yīng)該在時間和自己之 間建立更強的關(guān)系”，與文章主旨不符，故排除。故正確答案為選項C。29. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Slow Down TimeB. Only Time Will TellC. Race Against TimeD. Time Will Not Come Twice【正確答案】A【解題思路】本題屬于主旨題。本篇首尾段都在講關(guān)于“slow down time”的話題，且 第四段作為承上啟下的過渡段，就如何“slow down time”摟出酣藻議。故正確答案 為選項A。.:

49、；DHow Much Can We Afford to Forget?In 2018, Science magazine asked some young scientists what schools should teach students. Most said students should spend less time memorizing facts and have more space for creative activities. As N the Internet grows more powerful, students can access （獲得） knowled

50、ge easily. Why should they be required to carry so much of it around in their heads?Civilizations （文明）develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary. In the Agricultural （農(nóng)業(yè)的）Age, a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills. When societies industrialized, the knowledge of farming

51、 could be safe to forget. Nowadays, smart machines give us access to most human knowledge. It seems that we no longer need to remember most things. Does it matter?Researchers have recognized several problems that may happen. For one, human beings have biases （偏見），and smart machines are likely to inc

52、rease our biases. Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective, but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process. In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers.Another problem relates to the case of accessing information. When the

53、re were no computers, efforts were required to get knowledge from other people, or go to the library. We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books, and what lies in our heads. But today, the Internet gives us the information we need quickly. This can lead to the mistaken belief the knowledge

54、 we found was part of what we knew all along.In a new civilization rich in machine intelligence, we have easy access to smart memory networks where information is stored. But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily. The collapse of any of the networks of relations our w

55、ell-being （健康）depends upon, such as food and energy, would produce terrible results. Without food we get hungry; without energy we feel cold. And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age.We forget old ways to free up time and space for new ski

56、lls. As long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks, and can be found when we need them, perhaps theyre not really forgotten. Still, as time goes on, we gradually but unquestionably become strangers to future people.30. Why are smart machines likely to increase our bias

57、es?A. Because they go off course in testing and scoring.B. Because we control the training process on them.C. Because we offer them too much information.D. Because they overuse the provided answers.【正確答案】B【解題思路】本題屬于細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵-increase our biases；定位至 文章第三段。根據(jù)本段最后一句“In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers”。該句譯為“在該過程當中，人類仍然決定正確答案”。本句與選項B 哦們控制這個訓練過程”相符合。故正確答案為選項Bo31. The case of accessing information from the Internet .A. frees us from making efforts to learn new skillsB. prevents civilizations from being lost at a high speedC. misleads us i