雅思閱讀搭配題的正確復(fù)習(xí)方法

1、雅思閱讀搭配題的正確復(fù)習(xí)方法 雅思閱讀搭配題的正確復(fù)習(xí)方法將搭配題這種題型分為3種情況，分別就每種情況進行了解題思路和方法的總結(jié)，幫助我們在備考階段掌握正確的方法提高備考效率。下面就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。 雅思閱讀搭配題的正確復(fù)習(xí)方法為大家?guī)硌潘奸喿x在復(fù)習(xí)過程中，搭配題的復(fù)習(xí)和解題方法。搭配題在雅思閱讀中算難點題型，它全名叫做段落信息搭配題，是一種需要閱讀題干選項并指出文中哪一段包含了選項中的這些信息。因為涉及到大量的題干閱讀審題和全文的閱讀及信息獲取，這種題時常讓人讀得頭昏腦脹。 搭配題細分有三種。第一種是事實對應(yīng)型，它是搭配題中的輕量級，簡單易做，只要把有明顯定位詞的一方在原文中找到

2、定位，另外的陳述部分劃繁為簡，找到關(guān)鍵詞，在原文中定位好的地方查找，細心一點，就能拿到分數(shù)。 第二種為解釋說明型，尤以人名和理論的搭配居多。解題方法如下：把人名簡寫，如 CHARLIE BROWN寫成CB，然后借助掃讀文章、定位其它題型答案的時候，把人名在文章中定位并做標注。細讀理論的時候，不一定按順序讀，因為并不是第一個理論必然出現(xiàn)在文章第一處人名附近，這種題目原本也大多數(shù)為亂序。所以，你可以從你真正能讀懂的理論(以備原文夸張的同義詞轉(zhuǎn)述)劃出關(guān)鍵詞，然后到原文中按順序查找你定位好的人名處，去讀引號里面或者賓語從句的內(nèi)容。 這里有一個好建議：按文章順序可以變成倒序。有時候為了增加題目難度，出

3、題人喜歡把靠前的理論安排在文章靠后的段落，所以你不妨倒著讀。但是，由于英文的引號為單引號，有時候兩個引號不在同一行，不容易分辨，所以我建議倒順讀各段，一個段落中順序讀理論，這樣就非常容易分辨出是什么人提出的什么理論了。更為重要的是，難懂的理論要暫時放棄，一定要學(xué)會舍，才能在最后有所得。有時，當你做出了其它題目后，這道原本看似難懂的題目可能會更加清晰。出題人一定會設(shè)置難題，但我們不能為了爭8甚至8.5的題目，浪費了時間，連本屬于我們7分之內(nèi)應(yīng)該拿到的題目都把握不住。 如果考試日期迫在眉睫，而短期之內(nèi)英語實力很難獲得質(zhì)的飛躍，考生也可以嘗試這樣做。這個題型的處理步驟，簡言之，在讀了文章題目后，從在

4、信息中劃出關(guān)鍵詞入手，然后回到文章，精讀段落主題句(通常在段落的第一句、第二句和最后一句)，并且掃讀中間信息。讀一個段落，掃讀一遍信息，以找到信息中關(guān)鍵詞的原詞或同義轉(zhuǎn)換詞、形式進行過轉(zhuǎn)變的詞、或者高頻詞。力求文章掃完一遍，把能選出的信息選出。因為題目亂序，所以我們切記不可讀一則信息，看一遍文章，那樣文章看了N遍也有可能對不上信息。所謂閱讀理解，其實只要明白文章60%以上的內(nèi)容，就是理解，可一旦考查我們的同義詞轉(zhuǎn)述存在剩余下的讀不懂的40%之內(nèi)，就很難做出題目。所以，要想爭取到更多的分數(shù)，遇到難題可以考慮信息本身不用讀懂，只要把關(guān)鍵詞劃出來，盡量想出可能的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，然后到文章中去碰一碰?！坝鲭y

5、千萬別翻譯，主題相關(guān)想替換”反而容易許多。 關(guān)鍵詞能不能從信息中劃得準確、劃得全面、劃得完整，就是解題的關(guān)鍵了。關(guān)鍵詞應(yīng)該優(yōu)先劃出比較獨特的名詞，比較獨特的動詞，偶爾可以劃上使獨特名詞更加獨特的形容詞，而且，理解這些詞的意思要基于文章話題，即選擇詞的意思要結(jié)合文章主題。題目中的關(guān)鍵詞還會包括一些由于雅思文章刻板性所包含的和首末段相對應(yīng)的詞。例如，講到introduction, overview, conception, cause, definition, initiation，往往應(yīng)該在文章前面，甚至精確到首段;講到conclusion, consequence, impact, effec

6、t, future, prospect就應(yīng)該到文章后面找，直到末段。對信息中的一些特殊詞也要特別敏感，例如，談到時間、金錢、百分比，數(shù)字要毫不猶豫地劃下來，這些關(guān)鍵詞相比其它詞更加簡單好記，即使你把原文內(nèi)容讀得云里霧里，這些特殊詞也能幫助你回原文定位涉及到的段落。 最后，需要注意題目中有沒有NB(拉丁文，“注意”)，有的話就是在提示我們：有的段落可能包含不止一個信息，而有的段落可能沒有信息出現(xiàn)。如果那不止一個，最多幾個呢?通常不會超過3個。如果這種題型上沒有NB，題目稍微容易，找到信息的段落就不用再看段落中剩余的語句了。相比帶NB的題目，信息搜索量較小。而且，用過的段落可以給予排除。這就是這種

7、題目的基本解題思路。 雅思學(xué)術(shù)類閱讀題中有很多種種題型，但在解題過程中有一條貫穿始終的黃金法則，那就是學(xué)術(shù)類閱讀的基本解題思路。了解了這個黃金法則就可以在雅思學(xué)術(shù)類閱讀中節(jié)省時間增加效率。 雅思學(xué)術(shù)類閱讀黃金法則一：分析文章后的題目 拿到一篇閱讀文章，考生應(yīng)該首先細讀題目要求，確定哪些是關(guān)于文章結(jié)構(gòu)的題目，哪些是關(guān)于文章細節(jié)的題目，同時找出題目中的中心詞。 雅思學(xué)術(shù)類閱讀黃金法則二：帶著問題掃描文章 1.掃描標題 考生拿到一篇雅思學(xué)術(shù)類閱讀文章，首先應(yīng)該看一下文章的標題，而迄今為止，雅思學(xué)術(shù)類閱讀理解考試中大致出現(xiàn)過下列三種題目類型：第一種是正規(guī)標題，可用來判斷文章大意、類型、而得知文章結(jié)構(gòu);

8、第二種是主標題加副標題，副標題有時承擔(dān)揭示文章結(jié)構(gòu)的重任;第三種是無標題，這種考試形式自99年開在中國考區(qū)出現(xiàn)，一般文章較長而且難，但仍然可以在文章第一段發(fā)現(xiàn)揭示文章主題的主旨句。考生應(yīng)注意：描述性標題應(yīng)該予以忽略;如果文章分幾個SECTION論述，則SECTION的標題也應(yīng)該加以注意。 2.掃描全文的分段情況及其他信息 考生應(yīng)注意數(shù)字、百分比、分數(shù)、時間或貨幣符號出現(xiàn)較多的段落;引號、大寫專有名詞、括號及破折號出現(xiàn)較多的段落;斜體字、黑體字、下劃線出現(xiàn)較多的段落。 3.掃描每個段落的首末句，把握文章主題： 主題句提示文章每段的主題含意，進而合成整個文章的大意。因此，一定要找出主題句，從而找出

9、這一段的主題。主題句通常是一段文章的首句(當然并非永遠如此)，尋找主題句的方法可按下列順序： 首句 -第二句 -中間句-末句 注意：如果首句是描述性語句則應(yīng)該予以忽略 通過段落首末句判斷段落主題的關(guān)鍵是找準中心詞(KEY WORD) 中心詞最可能是表示主要概念的名詞，一般是句子的主語和賓語;表明狀態(tài)的動詞;表示程度高低、范圍大孝肯定或否定的副詞;中心詞會在題目及原文中以同義詞形式大量出現(xiàn)。比如：famous - prestigious;restructure delayer。 4.掃描連接上下文的信號詞 5.掃描文章文章中是否有圖表或示意圖 這些圖表一般包含了一些有關(guān)回答問題的信息，因此可以先

10、對這些圖表做一掃描，了解其內(nèi)容從而加快答題速度，不然的話，就可能陷在文章中四處找尋答案而亂無頭緒。但應(yīng)注意，一般照片、地圖、漫畫可以予以忽略。 雅思學(xué)術(shù)類閱讀黃金法則三：以問題為中心，通過上述掃描工作，找出文章中對應(yīng)的中心詞，從而定位正確答案。 這三個雅思學(xué)術(shù)類閱讀黃金法則能夠讓大家在考試的時候不必遇到不熟悉的題型就發(fā)蒙。這三個黃金法則可以使大家的雅思閱讀能力得到更快的提升。 FOR General Motors, a good deal of the panys recovery from its brush with bankruptcy is riding on the Chevrole

11、t Volt (Opel or Vauxhall Ampera in Europe), its plug-in hybrid electric vehicle launched a year ago. Not that GM expects the sleek four-seater to be a cash cow. Indeed, the car pany loses money on every one it makes. But the $41,000 (before tax breaks) Chevy Volt is a halo car designed to show the w

12、orld what GM is capable of, and to lure customers into dealers showroomsto marvel at the vehicles ingenious technology and its fuel economy of 60 miles per gallon (3.9litres/100km)and then to drive off in one or other of GMs bread-and-butter models. So, it is no surprise that GM should bend over bac

13、kwards to mollify customers concerned by recent news of the Volts lithium-ion battery catching fire following crash tests. GM is offering to loan cars to Volt owners worried about their vehicles safety while an official investigation is underway and modifications made if deemed necessary. The pany h

14、as The trouble all started in May, when the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) carried out a routine 20 mph (32km/h) crash test on a Voltto simulate a sideways impact with a tree or telegraph pole followed by a rollover. Three weeks after the test, the cars 16 kilowatt-hour batte

15、ry pack caught fire in NHTSAs car park, destroying the vehicle and several others nearby. Shortly thereafter, both NHTSA and the carmaker repeated the side-impact and rollover test on at least two other cars, all to no effect. However, in subsequent testscarried out in November by experts from the e

16、nergy and defence departments as well as GMthe investigators deliberately damaged the battery packs and ruptured their coolant lines. One battery pack behaved normally. Another emitted smoke and sparks hours after it was flipped on its back. And a third exhibited a temporary increase in temperature,

17、 but then burst into flames a week later. GM claims the initial fire in June would never have happened if the NHTSAs engineers had drained the Volts battery immediately after the impact. It is odd that they did not. When crash testing a conventional petrol-powered car, the standard procedure is to d

18、rain the fuel tank to prevent any chance of fire. It would seem reasonable to do the equivalent with an electric vehicle. But, then, GM did not adopt a depowering protocol for the Volt until after the June fire. Even when it did, it failed to share the procedure with the safety agency until embarkin

19、g on the November tests. In the wake of the latest findings, GM is now working with the Society of Automotive Engineers, NHTSA and other vehicle manufacturers, as well as fire-fighters, tow-truck operators and salvage crew, to implement an industry-wide standard for handling battery-powered vehicles

20、 involved in aidents. Toyota ran into similar troubles when its Prius hybrid car was introduced over a decade ago. Though the Priuss battery pack is considerably smaller than the Volts, fire-fighters and other first-responders had to learn how to disarm the vehicle following an aidentby removing fus

21、es from under the bon and pulling a catch beneath the rear storage area to isolate the high-voltage system. Until they had done so, they were warned, they were on no aount to take a metal cutter to an overturned Prius to extricate trapped oupants. Lurking beneath the floor was a big orange cable car

22、rying a heavy current that would have fried anyone slicing through it. The lithium-ion cells used in the Volts battery pack have many virtues. They are much lighter and operate at a higher voltage than other rechargeable cellsand can therefore store more energy for a given weight. In addition, they

23、have no memory effect (the tendency to aept less and less charge each time they are recharged) and can also hold their charge far longer than, say, the nickel-metal hydride cells used in the Prius. For good reason, all plug-in electric vehicles, including the Nissan Leaf and the forthing Ford Focus

24、Electric plus Toyotas long-awaited plug-in Prius, have embraced lithium-ion chemistry. But lithium is a highly reactive element. If overcharged, physically damaged or allowed to get too hot, lithium-ion cells can experience thermal runaway and even explodeas has happened on numerous oasions with the

25、 lithium-ion batteries in laptop puters and mobile phones. Also, if allowed to drain pletely, they can short-circuit and make recharging dangerous. For these reasons, all lithium-ion rechargeable batteries contain circuitry that shuts them down when their voltage rises above or falls below a certain

26、 level. To help keep the Volts 435lb (197kg) battery pack at the right temperature, GM designed a sophisticated thermal-management system. This is separate from the main radiator system, which cools the range-extending motor-generator (a 1.4-litre petrol engine) and feeds the cars heater. The batter

27、y pack, mounted in a T-shaped steel tray with a plastic cover, runs down the centre of the vehicle. GM believes the Volts battery problem was caused by malfunctioning sensors rather than chemical reactions going haywire within the cells themselves. The pany is currently developing fixes to make the

28、batterys control systems sturdier. One proposal is to laminate the electrical circuitry. Another involves beefing up the cooling lines. A third is to reinforce the tray containing the battery modules. Outsiders note that the lithium-ion pack in the Nissan Leafthe only other mass-produced electric ca

29、r currently on sale in the United Statesis encased in a rigid steel box rather than a plastic framework. The Leaf has e through its crash-testing programme with flying colours. Interestingly, its battery pack manages without any additional cooling system. Despite GMs experience with the ground-break

30、ing EV1 electric vehicle in the 1990s, the pany still has much to learn about the public-safety issues associated with powerful batteries. For instance, both GM and NHTSA kept their mouths shut about the Volts initial fire for the best part of six months, claiming they needed time to assess the resu

31、lts and to carry out further tests. Others suspect they colluded to protect the Volts fragile sales. GM hoped to sell a modest 10,000 Volts in its first year, but will be lucky to achieve even three-quarters of its goal. In November, when GM finally went public about the Volts fire problems, it warned owners, dealers and first-responde