河北省張家口市2020屆高三英語下學(xué)期第二次模擬考試試題含解析

1、河北省張家口市2020屆高三英語下學(xué)期第二次模擬考試試題（含解析）全卷滿分150分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1. 答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形 碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2. 選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2b鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂 黑。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3. 非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4. 考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩

2、分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的 答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7. 5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的a、b、c三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出 最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。 每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：how much is the shirt?a. 19.15. b. 9. 18。. c. 9.15.答案是c。1. what is the woman going to do next?a. meet her professor.b. check the mans article.c. get her homework done

3、.2. whats the probable relationship between the speakers?a. colleagues. b. classmates. c. neighbors.3. who might ms. jones be?a. a group captain. b. a new employee. c. a department leader.4. what are the speakers talking about?a. going cycling.b. giving jenifer a gift.c. holding a birthday party.5.

4、what does the woman prefer to do?a. stay at home. b. go for a drive. c. read a book.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22. 5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的a、b、c三 個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒 鐘；聽完后，各小題將給岀5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6. what is the weather like in boston now?a. rainy. b. sunny. c.

5、snowy.7. where does the woman come from?a. hartford. b. moscow. c. boston.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8. whats the problem with the womans new shoes?a. they are too big.b. they are the wrong color.c. they feel uncomfortable.9. what color shoes does the woman prefer?a grey. b. red. c. black.10. who will go and g

6、et another pair of shoes?a. the man. b. the woman. c. another assistant.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11. what has the man just finished?a. taking a test. b. picking up jeff. c. helping his mom.12. which is the mans favorite?a. potato salad. b. mushroom soup. c. carrot cake.13. who are the apple pies for?a. the

7、woman. b. the mans dad. c. jeff.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17越。14. what docs the man think is the most important in running a business?a. keeping low costs.b. attracting many customers.c. making good advertisements.15. what docs the woman think about trying to sell computer games to the old?a. reasonable. b. unwi

8、se. c. beneficial.16. how will customers probably react to a very low price product according to the man? a, they will think it appealing.b. they will rush to buy the product.c. they will think the products quality is bad.17. what does the man think of online business?a. its easy to start.b. it requ

9、ires little effort.c. its success comes easy.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。what will a finn do if you stand too close to him?a. he will remind you.b. he will come closer.c. he will move backward.19. what might touching mean to finnish strangers?a. sympathy. b. rudeness. c. friendliness.20. how do finns usually

10、greet their close friends?a. by kissing them on the cheek.b. by shaking hands with them.c. by hugging them第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的a、b、c和d四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選岀最佳選項(xiàng)。awebsitesespn sports programmingespn takes its sports content and programming to the next level with its dynamic and ey

11、e-catching site filled with large, high-quality pictures and videos. the featured sports slider is thoroughly entrancing and does an excellent job of showcasing each of the sports alongside interesting statistics and informative details about available programs.revolsrevols takes a bold （突出的）approac

12、h on its website by enlarging its small, advanced headphones in photographs and videos. the photography and video make the site amazingly product-focused, so its users slowly become more and more absorbed in the experience these headphones can give you. the large font （字型）treatment on this site is a

13、lso a nice touch and adds to the larger-than-life earbud photography.zillowfinding the perfect home is all about being able to conveniently research exactly what youre looking for, save and store what you like, and make it easy to find it all later on. zillow hits the nail on the head for all three

14、of these points. the search area within the hero area makes it easy for new users to quickly select and search listings without having to look for some hidden search page.montagemontage takes showing-off its product to the next level with this homepage that clearly outlines what its product is, how

15、it looks, product quality, and testimonials. the site is an excellent example of one approach you can use to highlight your product and the most important points your users would be concerned with finding answers to.1. which website stresses the product by making it seem big?a. espn sports programmi

16、ng,b. revols.c. zillow.d. montage.2. what can users do on zillow?a. order a product.b. buy a headphone.c. learn about sports.d. find a suitable house.3. what do the four websites have in common?a. they are well designed.b. they make shopping easier.c. they are intended for new users.d. they help use

17、rs learn new knowledge.【答案】1. b 2. d 3. a【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了四個(gè)在外觀和功能設(shè)計(jì)方面比較突出的網(wǎng)站。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)revols網(wǎng)站的介紹中“revols takes a bold （突出的）approach on its website by enlarging its small, advanced headphones in photographs and videos. （revols網(wǎng)站采用突出的方法，將小巧、高級(jí)的耳機(jī)在照片和視頻中放大。）”可知，revols網(wǎng)站通過讓產(chǎn)品看起來很大，來突出強(qiáng)調(diào)它。故選b項(xiàng)。【2題詳

18、解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)zillow網(wǎng)站的介紹中“finding the perfect home is all about being able to conveniently research exactly what youre looking for”可知，在zillow網(wǎng)站上，你能夠方便地搜索到你想要的合適的房子。故選d項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。在espn sports programming網(wǎng)站的介紹中提到“the featured sports slider showcasing each of the sports alongside interesting statistics

19、 and informative details about available programs.” 該網(wǎng)站設(shè)計(jì)了“特色運(yùn)動(dòng)”滑塊，展示每一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)，旁邊還有關(guān)于該項(xiàng)目的有趣的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)和有用的細(xì)節(jié)；在revols網(wǎng)站的介紹中提到“revols takes a bold （突出的）approach on its website by enlarging its small, advanced headphones in photographs and videos.” revols網(wǎng)站采用突出的方法，將小巧、高級(jí)的耳機(jī)在照片和視頻中放大；在zillow網(wǎng)站的介紹中提到“the search ar

20、ea within the hero area makes it easy for new users to quickly select and search listings without having to look for some hidden search page.”在zillow網(wǎng)站，英雄區(qū)域中的搜索區(qū)域使新用戶可以很容易地快速選擇和搜索列表，而不需要尋找一些隱藏的搜索頁面；在montage網(wǎng)站的介紹中提到“montage with this homepage that clearly outlines what its product is, how it looks, p

21、roduct quality, and testimonials.（montage網(wǎng)站在主頁清楚地概述了是什么產(chǎn)品、它的外觀、產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和證明書。）由此可以推斷，四個(gè)網(wǎng)站都通過不同的頁面外觀和設(shè)計(jì)來帶給用戶更好的使用體驗(yàn)，這是它們的共同之處。故選a項(xiàng)。ban elephant, who accidentally fell into a dry, 25-foot deep well in northeast india, lived to see another day thanks to the quick-thinking rescuers scientific knowledge. the

22、chain of events unfolded early in the morning on tuesday, january 28, 2020, when citizens of amliya toli village, in the state of jharkhand, awoke to the cries of the trapped animal and called the forest department for help.when the rescuers arrived, they instantly realized that pulling out the huge

23、 animal, which seemed to be about 30 years old, was not a practical idea. fortunately , the forest department officials had been paying attention in their science class and were well aware of the archimedes principle. the physics law of buoyancy(浮力)，which explains how ships stay afloat, states that

24、when a body is partially or fully immersed in a liquid, it experiences an apparent loss in weight that is equal to the weight of the liquid displaced by the part of the body in the liquid.in this case, that meant filling the well with enough water to displace the elephants weight. it took the three

25、motorized pumps over three hours to add the hundreds of gallons needed to enable the heavy animal to float up to the surface. however, it was well worth the effort. a heart-warming video shows the villagers cheering as the animal, using the makeshift ramp (斜坡)dug by the rescue team, pulls itself out

26、 of the well and walks away to safety in the nearby forest.4. who first found the trapped elephant?a. some scientists.b. forest rescuers.c. nearby villagers.d. the forest department officials.5. how did the rescuers feel about pulling out the elephant?a. impossible.b. challenging.c. secure.d. realis

27、tic.6. what does the underlined word “immersed” in paragraph 2 probably mean?a. broken.b. covered.c. stuck.d. dampened.7. what can be the best title for the text?a. an elephant trapped in the waterb. villagers used water to save animalsc. forest rescuers invented a new techniqued. an elephant saved

28、by the archimedes principle【答案】4. c 5. a 6. b 7. d【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了人們用阿基米德原理救助誤墜深井的大象?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“when citizens of amliya toli village, in the state of jharkhand, awoke to the cries of the trapped animal and called the forest department for help.(當(dāng)時(shí)amliya toli村的居民被困動(dòng)物的叫聲驚醒，向森林部門求助。)”可知，是附近的

29、村民最先發(fā)現(xiàn)了被困的大象。故選c?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“when the rescuers arrived, they instantly realized that pulling out the huge animal, which seemed to be about 30 years old, was not a practical idea.”可知，大象體型巨大，看上去大約30歲，因此將其拉出來不太現(xiàn)實(shí)，也就是說是不可能的。故選a?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)本句句意，結(jié)合下文營救人員的具體做法和常識(shí)可知，物體在液體中會(huì)受到向上的浮力，因此該詞的意思最可能是“被浸沒”，

30、與covered的意思最接近。故選b。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了人們救助誤墜深井的大象的過程，而救助過程中利用的主要原理就是阿基米德原理。所以用an elephant saved by the archimedes principle(阿基米德原理拯救了一頭大象)作為文章的標(biāo)題最為合適。故選d。cwhile jewelry made from gold can be beautiful, most people admit that wearing the heavy metal over long periods of time can get a little

31、 annoying. now, researchers from swiss university eth zurich have created a new form of lightweight gold that weighs five to ten times less than traditional 18-carat goldwhich typically consists of 75 percent gold and 25 percent copperbut has the same purity.the researchers began by mixing gold with

32、 water, salt, protein fibers and other materials. they then replaced the water with alcohol and placed the mixture inside a high-pressure carbon dioxide (co2) box. the reaction between the gas and alcohol transformed the golden plastic into a light material that can be heated to melt and made into w

33、hatever form was needed. this gold has some characteristics of plastic,” says team leader raffaele mezzenga, professor of food and soft materials at eth zurich.in addition to being lighter, the plastic” gold has other advantages over traditional forms. it can be melted into shape at about 105 degree

34、s celsius, much lower than the 1,064 degrees celsius required to melt pure 24-carat gold. the metals firmness can be easily adjusted by changing the components at the beginning of the process. it is also much easier to vary the color. as a general rule, our approach lets us create almost any kind of

35、 gold we choose, in line with the desired properties, says mezzenga.the researchers, who published their study in the journal advanced functional materials on january 10, 2020, believe the new lightweight gold will be able to replace the metallic version in most traditional applications, including j

36、ewelry and watches. however, given that most buyers associate high-quality gold with weight, that may take some time. but the material will undoubtedly be beneficial for use inside electronic devices, chemical catalysts (催化劑),and even radiation shielding.8. why do many people find the traditional go

37、ld annoying?a. it costs too much。b. its purity is too low.c. it feels too heavy to wear long.d. its beauty lasts a short time,9. what is the second paragraph mainly about?a. the functions of the plastic gold.b. the components of the plastic” gold.c. the characteristics of the plastic” gold.d. the pr

38、oduction process of the plastic gold.10. which is the plastic golds advantage over the traditional gold?a. it is easier to process.b. it is more widely used.c. it has a lower temperature.d. it is more convenient to get.11. where is this text most likely from?a. a diary.b. a guidebook.c. a novel.d. a

39、 magazine.【答案】8. c 9. d 10. a 11. d【解析】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了研究人員通過技術(shù)手段研制出了新型的輕質(zhì)黃金?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段while jewelry made from gold can be beautiful, most people admit that wearing the heavy metal over long periods of time can get a little annoying.( 雖然黃金制成的珠寶很漂亮，但大多數(shù)人承認(rèn)長時(shí)間佩戴重金屬會(huì)讓人有點(diǎn)厭煩。)可知，人們覺得傳統(tǒng)的金子首飾戴久了太重。故選c。【

40、9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段the researchers began by mixing gold with water, salt, protein fibers and other materials. they then replaced the water with alcohol and placed the mixture inside a high-pressure carbon dioxide (co2) box. the reaction between the gas and alcohol transformed the golden plastic into a

41、light material that can be heated to melt and made into whatever form was needed.可知，研究人員首先將黃金與水、鹽、蛋白質(zhì)纖維和其他材料混合。然后，他們用酒精代替水，并將混合物放入高壓二氧化碳(co2)盒中。氣體和酒精之間的反應(yīng)將黃金塑料轉(zhuǎn)化為一種輕質(zhì)材料，可以加熱熔化，并制成任何需要的形式。因此推斷本段主要介紹了新的輕質(zhì)黃金的制造過程。故選d。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中in addition to being lighter, the plastic” gold has other advantage

42、s over traditional forms. it can be melted into shape at about 105 degrees celsius, much lower than the 1,064 degrees celsius required to melt pure 24-carat gold. the metals firmness can be easily adjusted by changing the components at the beginning of the process. it is also much easier to vary the

43、 color.(除了較輕，“塑料”黃金比傳統(tǒng)形式有其他優(yōu)勢(shì)。它可以在105攝氏度左右熔化成形狀，遠(yuǎn)低于熔化純24克拉金所需的1,064攝氏度。金屬的硬度可以很容易地通過改變過程開始時(shí)的部件來調(diào)整。改變顏色也容易得多)可知，新型黃金熔點(diǎn)低，硬度易調(diào)節(jié)，顏色易調(diào)整。從而可以推斷出，新型黃金更容易加工處理。故選a?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“the researchers, who published their study in the journal advanced functional materials on january 10, 2020(研究人員于2020年1月10日

44、在高級(jí)功能材料雜志上發(fā)表了他們的研究)”并結(jié)合文章體裁和內(nèi)容可知，本文最有可能出自于雜志。故選d。din 1926, us automaker henry ford shortened its employees workweek from six eight-hour days to five, with no pay cuts. its something workers and labor unions had been calling for. ford wasnt responding to worker demands； he was being a businessman. he

45、 expected increased productivity and knew workers with more time and money would buy and use the products they were making. it was a way of encouraging consumerism and productivity to increase profits, and it succeeded.since standardization of the 40-hour workweek in the mid-20th century, everything

46、 has changed but the hours. if anything, many people are working even longer hours, especially in north america. this has a severe influence on human health and well-being, as well as the environment. until the second world war, it was common for one person in a family, usually the oldest male, to w

47、ork full-time. now, women make up 42 percent of the worlds full-time workforce. technology has made a lot of work unnecessary, with computers and robots doing many tasks previously performed by humans.well into the 21st century, we continue to work the same long hours as 20th century laborers, using

48、 up ever more of earths supply to produce more goods that we must keep working to buy, use and replace in a seemingly endless cycle of hard work and consumption. its time to pause and consider better ways to live like shifting from fossil-fueled lifestyles with which our consumer-based workweeks are

49、 connected.the uk think tank, new economics （經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)）foundation, argues that a standard 21-hour workweek would address a number of interconnected problems： overwork, unemployment, over-consumption, high carbon emissions, low well-being, and the lack of time to live sustainably, to care for each other, a

50、nd simply to enjoy life.economic systems that require constant growth on a finite （有限的）planet dont make sense. its time for a change in our economic thinking.12. why did ford decide to shorten the workweek?a. to cut workers pay.b. to make more profits.c. to respond to worker demands.d. to meet labor

51、 unions, requirements.13. what change in the workforce happened after world war ?a. more women worked full-time.b. the number of laborers decreased.c. technology enabled people to work shorter hours.d. it was unnecessary for a familys oldest male to work.14. what can we infer from the third paragrap

52、h?a. longer working hours means better consumption ability.b. the 21st century sees the longest working hours in history.c. the cycle of hard work and consumption should be changed.d. pausing our way of living can change the present workweek.15. new economics foundation thinks a 21-hour workweek wil

53、l _.a. increase unemploymentb. cause various problemsc. encourage people to enjoy lifed. challenge the economic growth【答案】12. b 13. a 14. c 15. c【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文。討論了隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)各個(gè)方面的發(fā)展，每周工作時(shí)長的規(guī)定也有必要調(diào)整?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“it was a way of encouraging consumerism and productivity to increase profits, and it

54、succeeded.”這是鼓勵(lì)消費(fèi)主義和提高生產(chǎn)力以增加利潤的一種方式，而且成功了?？芍Ｌ毓镜呐e措的目的是鼓勵(lì)消費(fèi)和提高工作效率，進(jìn)而提高效益。故選b項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“until the second world war, it was common for one person in a family, usually the oldest male, to work full-time. now, women make up 42 percent of the worlds full-time workforce.”在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)之前，一個(gè)家庭中有一個(gè)人(通

55、常是最年長的男性)全職工作是很常見的。如今，女性占全球全職勞動(dòng)力的42%。可知，二戰(zhàn)之前每個(gè)家庭中一般是最年長的男性工作，而在那之后至今，越來越多的女性成為主要?jiǎng)趧?dòng)力。故選a項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“a seemingly endless cycle of hard work and consumption”在一個(gè)看似永無止境的艱苦工作和消費(fèi)循環(huán)中。和“its time to pause and consider better ways to live like shifting from fossil-fueled lifestyles with which our cons

56、umer-based workweeks are connected.”是時(shí)候停下來考慮更好的生活方式了，比如從化石燃料驅(qū)動(dòng)的生活方式轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槲覀円韵M(fèi)者為基礎(chǔ)的工作周?？芍?，努力工作和消費(fèi)的循環(huán)應(yīng)該改變。故選c項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“the uk think tank, new economics （經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)）foundation, argues that a standard 21-hour workweek would address a number of interconnected problems： overwork, unemployment, over-co

57、nsumption, high carbon emissions, low well-being, and the lack of time to live sustainably, to care for each other, and simply to enjoy life.”英國智庫，新經(jīng)濟(jì)基金會(huì),認(rèn)為一周工作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)又將會(huì)解決許多相互關(guān)聯(lián)的問題：“過度勞累、失業(yè)、過度消費(fèi)、高碳排放、低福利以及沒有時(shí)間去可持續(xù)地生活，相互照顧和簡單的享受生活”。可知，新經(jīng)濟(jì)基金會(huì)認(rèn)為每周工作21個(gè)小時(shí)能夠鼓勵(lì)了人們享受生活。故選c項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題主要考查考生對(duì)某句話或某幾句話的理解，同學(xué)們?nèi)裟芨鶕?jù)題

58、干內(nèi)容從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子，然后進(jìn)行比較和分析，便可確定最佳答案。多數(shù)情況下，作者不會(huì)明確的呈現(xiàn)一個(gè)事實(shí)，讀者需要根據(jù)已有的信息進(jìn)行處理，讀出言外之意。還要特別注意文章的時(shí)間順序、故事發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)、情節(jié)的發(fā)展和人物之間的關(guān)系。例如，第3題文章中，根據(jù)第三段“a seemingly endless cycle of hard work and consumption”在一個(gè)看似永無止境的艱苦工作和消費(fèi)循環(huán)中。和“its time to pause and consider better ways to live like shifting from fossil-fueled lifestyles with which our consumer-based workweek