常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞的變化規(guī)則

1、常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞的變化規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。一、規(guī)則變化:1. 一般情況直接加ed，如askasked, workworked2. 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，只加d，如loveloved, dancedanced3. 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，把y變?yōu)閕，再加ed，如trytried, studystudied4. 以一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞(以重讀閉音節(jié)或r音節(jié)結(jié)尾而末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母),先雙寫(xiě)末尾這個(gè)輔音字母,再加ed,如stopstopped, permitpermitted 注：A. 以l結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,尾音節(jié)重讀時(shí),雙寫(xiě)l,如control

2、controlled;尾音節(jié)不重讀時(shí),雙不雙寫(xiě)都可以，如traveltraveled(美) /travelled(英) 。B. 特例:picnicpicnickedpicnicked(去野餐),traffictraffickedtrafficked（交易,在通行） 另外,還有很多動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞是不合乎上述規(guī)則的,需要熟記.(見(jiàn)后)C. 讀音與說(shuō)明:.-ed在清輔音音素后發(fā)音為t: helped, liked, finished, fetched, stopped, clapped.-ed在濁輔音和元音后發(fā)音為d: believed, changed, planned, preferre

3、d, followed, stayed .-ed在t、d 后發(fā)音為id: wanted, needed, admitted, permitted二、不規(guī)則變化 A-A-A型（現(xiàn)在式、過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞同形）動(dòng)詞原形（現(xiàn)在式） 過(guò)去式 過(guò)去分詞cost cost cost 花費(fèi)cut cut cut 割，切hit hit hit 打let let let 讓put put put 放下read read read 讀hurt hurt hurt 傷 A-A-B型（現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式同形）beat beat beaten 打 A-B-A型（現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去分詞同形）come came come 來(lái)becom

4、e became become 變r(jià)un ran run 跑 A -B -B型在動(dòng)詞原形后加一個(gè)輔音字母d或t構(gòu)成過(guò)去式或過(guò)去分詞。burn burnt burnt 燃燒learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 學(xué)習(xí)mean meant meant 意思hear heard heard 聽(tīng)見(jiàn)把動(dòng)詞原形的最后一個(gè)輔音字母“d”改為“t”構(gòu)成過(guò)去式或過(guò)去分詞。build built built 建筑lend lent lent 借給lose lost lost 失去send sent sent 送spend spent spent 花費(fèi)其他pay paid paid

5、付lay laid laid 下蛋say said said 說(shuō)bring brought brought 帶來(lái)buy bought bought 買(mǎi)think thought thought 想catch caught caught 抓住teach taught taught 教fight fought fought 戰(zhàn)斗sleep slept slept 睡keep kept kept 保持sweep swept swept 掃stand stood stood 站understand understood understood 明白win won won 得勝shine shone/sh

6、ined shone/shined 發(fā)光feel felt felt 覺(jué)得find found found 發(fā)現(xiàn)get got got 得到hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 絞死，掛have had had 有hold held held 盛，握l(shuí)eave left left 離開(kāi)make made made 制造meet met met 遇見(jiàn)sell sold sold 賣(mài)shoot shot shot 射擊tell told told 告訴smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅，聞sit sat sat 坐dig dug dug

7、挖 A-B-C型（現(xiàn)在式、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都不相同）在動(dòng)詞原形后加-n或-en構(gòu)成過(guò)去分詞。eat ate eaten 吃fall fell fallen 落下steal stole stolen 偷give gave given 給freeze froze frozen 凍結(jié)take took taken 拿see saw seen 看見(jiàn)write wrote written 寫(xiě)ride rode ridden 騎drive drove driven 駕駛throw threw thrown 拋，扔blow blew blown 吹grow grew grown 生長(zhǎng)know knew kn

8、own 知道fly flew flown 飛draw drew drawn 拉，繪畫(huà)show showed shown 展示過(guò)去式加-n或-en構(gòu)成過(guò)去分詞。speak spoke spoken 說(shuō)話break broke broken 破碎，折斷wake waked/ woke waked/ waken 醒choose chose chosen 選擇forget forgot forgotten 忘記變單詞在重讀音節(jié)中的元音字母“i”分別為“a”（過(guò)去式）和“u”（過(guò)去分詞）。begin began begun 開(kāi)始ring rang rung 按鈴sing sang sung 唱sink sank sunk 沉swim swam swum 游泳drin