全國高考英語語法填空專項復習

1、2019年全國高考英語語法填空 專題復習,1,整理課件,考綱解讀,一篇200字左右的短文或?qū)υ?話題貼近學生生活。 能力考查： 理解語篇、句子結(jié)構(gòu)、 運用語法、單詞短語,空格類型,有提示詞,無提示詞,2,整理課件,2014-2016全國卷語法填空知識點分布,3,整理課件,4,整理課件,根據(jù)上表，我們知道，語法填空的考點或考查內(nèi)容是：(1)純空格題：通?？糭 等四類詞。一個空格只能填 個單詞,(2)有提示詞題型：通常考 _、_、_、_等。一個空格可以填_個單詞,冠詞、介詞、連詞和代詞,一,動詞,形容詞和副詞的比較等級,詞性轉(zhuǎn)換,一到兩,名詞,5,整理課件,3. the head of the v

2、illage was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to small town some 20 kilometers away. 4. I still remember taking _ visiting friend from Canada to a local Black Country pub(酒店) for lunch.,考點一：冠詞,名詞之前,There once were a goat (山羊) and a donkey(驢). So the farmer killed _ goat and gave the donkey medi

3、cine made from its heart. 2.When I see a child subject to(受到) this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was _ shy , nervous perfectionist(完美主義者).,the,a,考查語法點: 定冠詞,不定冠詞的用法,考點分析,a,a,無提示詞,6,整理課件,1.The adobe dwellings built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _most mod

4、ern of architects and engineers. 2. Now years later, this river is one of _ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. 3. The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, other is with mum. 4.Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outs

5、ide for _while. 5. Janes grandmother had wanted to write a childrens book for many years，but one thing or another always got in_way.,高考真題,the,the,a,a,the,7,整理課件,6.This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over_ top. 7. As _result, people will eat more food t

6、o try to make up for that something missing. 8. Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as _ model in New York. 9. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over _ past 25 years. 10. Im face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at _top of her lungs.,高考真題,the,the,a,a,the,8,整理課件,下列情況很可能填 ： (

7、1)_+可數(shù)n.(單數(shù))； (2)_+形容詞+可數(shù)n.(單數(shù))。,下列情況下很可能填 ： (1)_ (+形容詞)+n.+ of等介詞短語 (表示特指)； (2)_ (+形容詞)+n.+定語從句(表示特指)； (3)_ (+形容詞)+n.+不定式短語或分詞短語 (表示特指),考點分析,不定冠詞,定冠詞,9,整理課件,考點二： 介詞,(1)介詞+賓語（名詞） (2)不及物動詞+介詞+賓語,1. In short, I believe that it is _ great use to keep a dairy in English 2. When I took the money from her

8、 grandparents, I looked back _the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen. 3. She found some good quality pipes_ sale. 4. He was very tired _doing this for a whole day,of,at,考查語法點: 介詞的基本用法及慣用搭配,考點分析,on,from,無提示詞：注意固定搭配,be tired from 因厭倦,10,整理課件,1.But my connection

9、with pandas goes back_ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 2. Most of us are more focused _our tasks in the morning. 3. In India, for example , most people traditionally eat_ their hands. 4. For those who fly to Guilin, its only an hour away _car. 5. I got a place next _the window, so I had a goo

10、d view of the sidewalk. 6. She plans to take a year off to model full time to get a degree _ engineering or architecture.,to,on,with,by,高考真題,to,in,11,整理課件,6._the same time, they warm up again for the night 7. As they travelled to and _ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an int

11、eresting method. 8. This trend, which was started by the medical community（醫(yī)學界）_a method of fighting heart disease. 9. The review says it is more effective at lengthening life _walking, cycling or swimming. 10. Corn uses less water _ rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff. 11. I was searching

12、_these three western lowland gorillas Id observing.,from,At,高考真題,as,than,than,for,12,整理課件,當空格后的名詞(一般前有限定詞)、代詞或動名詞在句中不是作主語、表語，也不是作動詞的賓語時，那就是作介詞的賓語，即填介詞。 因為名詞和代詞最典型的用法是在句中作主語或賓語，既然不作主語和動詞的賓語，那就是作介詞的賓語了，所以要填介詞。 具體填什么介詞,可能是由介詞與該名詞的搭配及其意義來決定,也可能是由動詞或形容詞與介詞的句式搭配來決定。,13,整理課件,考點三：代詞,(1)作主語用主格，作賓語用賓格,注意形容詞詞性

13、和名詞性物主代詞的區(qū)別。 (2)指示代詞,不定代詞、反身代詞等,考查語法點: 代詞的基本用法,考點分析,1. She remembered how difficult _ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. 2. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in my village, I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused _ . 3. It has been s

14、aid before, but experiencing it myself has made _ want to say it again: a smile,it,her,me,無提示詞,14,整理課件,1.On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _(it) mother. 2. Id been at home in Hong Kong, with _(it) choking smog. 3. A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear

15、! Its _(I).” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. 4. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using_ every day. 5. If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as

16、other sports, so perhaps we should all give_a try. 6.,its,its,me,When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find _ (they)alive.,it,it,them,15,整理課件,無提示詞：代詞 在句子中作主語或賓語時，通常填代詞，包括 1.人稱代詞(I/me/you/he/him等)、 2.指示代詞(it/this等)、 3.不定代詞(something/anything等)、 4.名詞性物主代詞(mine/yours/his/her

17、s等)、 5.疑問代詞(which/who等)、 6.反身代詞(不能作主語)(myself/yourself等) 在名詞前作定語就只能用形容詞性物主代詞(my/your/his/her等)。,考點分析,16,整理課件,考點四：連詞或從句引導詞,兩個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)連接,Historically, it was famous for industry, which explains_the area is called the Black Country. 2. It got its name during the industrial revolution, _ factory pollution t

18、urned the local skies black and local dust from the mines made the soil the same color. 3. Jane paused in front of a counter(柜臺) _ some attractive ties were on display. 4. One day, he came up with an idea _ he would pluck up (拔起)all of his crop a few inches.,why,when,考查語法點: 各類復合句中連詞,引導詞的用法,考點分析,wher

19、e,that,無提示詞,17,整理課件,連詞和引導詞高考真題,1.(2016全國I) But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, _I was the first Western TV reporter . 2.(2016全國) Over time ,_the population grew , people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. 3.(2016全國) Some

20、people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,_ lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C. 4.(2015全國I) Id skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _ are pictured by artists. 5.(2015全國II) As natural architects, the Pueblo In

21、dians figured out exactly _ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.,when,when/as,who,which/that,how,18,整理課件,6.(2014全國I) Maybe you have a habit _ is driving your family crazy. 7.(2016江蘇）Many young people ,most of_ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase

22、their dreams. 8.(2016江蘇)It is often the case_ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. _ is often the case, anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 9.(2017全國I) It is possible to have too much of both, _is not good for the health.,which/that,that,whom,As,which,19,整理課件,10.(2017全

23、國)Sarah, _has taken part in shows along with top models wants to prove that she has brains. 11. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 _showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease . 12. Between 2005-when the government started a s

24、oil-testing program _ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers. 13. Im not sure _is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. 14. Many westerners _ come to China cook much less than in their own countries.,who,which,which,which,who,20,整理課件,15.Th

25、ere were many people waiting at the bus stop, _ some of them looked very anxious. 16. But river wasnt changed in a few days_ even a few months. 17. In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China ,Japan ,Korea ,_ Vietnam , food is usually eaten with chopsticks.,and,or,and,21,

26、整理課件,解題技巧,考點分析,22,整理課件,并列句和復合句,并列句：,簡單句并列連詞簡單句,復合句：,主句（主謂賓）從句（連接詞主謂）,兩個或幾個簡單句之間若不用句號或分號，就必須要用連詞，否則，句子的結(jié)構(gòu)就不完整。,23,整理課件,考點五：謂語動詞,有提示詞 與主語構(gòu)成主謂結(jié)構(gòu),1. I was certain she would like it because I _ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. ( 2. His fear of failure _ (keep) him from classroom games tha

27、t other children played with joyous abandon. 3. Being too anxious to help an event develop often _ (result) in the contrary to our intention.,was told,kept,考查語法點: 謂語動詞的時態(tài)及語態(tài), 及主謂一致,考點分析,results,24,整理課件,1.It was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base. I_(allow) to get

28、 up close to these cute animals . 2. Leaving the less important things until tomorrow _ (be) often acceptable. 3. Whatever it is, _(make ) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about. 4. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and _(be)too violent f

29、or use at the table. 5. Truly elegant chopsticks might_(make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.,高考真題,was allowed,is,make,were,be made,25,整理課件,6.It was raining lightly when I_ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. 7. For those who fly to Guilin, its only an hour away by car . Yangshuo _ (b

30、e) really beautiful. 8. This cycle _ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night. 9. In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It _ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. 10. A boy on a bike _ (catch) my att

31、ention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.,高考真題,arrived,is,goes,was,caught,26,整理課件,高考真題,were used,11.When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. Steam engines _(use) to pull the carriages 12. Later, engineers _(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels

32、 . 13. When fat and salt_(remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. 14. Fast food _ (be) full of fat and salt; 15. Sarah _ (tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year. 16. My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment

33、, school _(come) first.,managed,are removed,is,was told,comes,27,整理課件,高考真題,17.While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it _ (be) more effective at lengthening life. 18. Since 2011, the country _(grow) more corn than rice. 19. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that

34、between 2005-when the government _ (start) a soil-testing program . 20. I was just glad to find them alive. True to a gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal _(mean) me no real harm. 21. I _(shock) when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.,is,has grown,started,meant,was shocked,28,

35、整理課件,當句中缺少謂語動詞時，括號中的動詞就是謂語動詞。此時要考慮_、_、_、_等四個方面。 【確定時態(tài)的3條依據(jù)】 (1)依據(jù)上下文時態(tài)一致?？瓷舷挛闹^語動詞是什么時態(tài)(過去/現(xiàn)在/將來)，空格要填的動詞時態(tài)一般應與上下文的時態(tài)一致。這是高考語法填空中確定時態(tài)的最重要的依據(jù)。但需注意：客觀事實或真理可能時態(tài)不一致；直接引語的時態(tài)會與引號外的時態(tài)不一致。 (2)依據(jù)并列謂語動詞的時態(tài)一致。 (3)依據(jù)時間狀語。如recently, so far, up to now, up to the present, in the past few years常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用；by the end o

36、f, since 1980, for three years常與完成時連用。 提示：盡管課標或考綱中列出了10種時態(tài)，一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時兩種時態(tài)考查的多一些。,時態(tài)、 語態(tài)、 語氣、 主謂一致,29,整理課件,考點六：非謂語動詞,有提示詞 除謂語動詞以外的動詞形式,1. We must also consider the reaction of the person _ (receive) the gift. 2. I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left _ (complete) the rest! 3. My pupils, Donn

37、ie 40_ (include), adored her. 4. Before the waitress could even finish describing the menu, my friend looked at me with his eyebrows(眉毛) (raise).,receiving,to complete,included,考查語法點: 非謂語動詞及變形的使用,考點分析,raised,30,整理課件,1.(2018全國I) You dont have to run fast or for long _ (see) the benefit. 2.(2018全國I) Y

38、ou may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of _ _ (die) early by running. 3. (2018全國I) To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to _ (strength) your leg muscles . 4. (2018全國II) The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice _(improve) water qu

39、ality. 5. (2018全國II) Chinas approach to protecting its environment while _ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture,to see,dying,to improve,strengthen,feeding,31,整理課件,6.(2018全國) I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid _ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel _(cha

40、llenge). 7 .(2018全國)Once his message was delivered, he allowed me _(stay) and watch. 8. (2018浙江）I still remember _ (visit) a friend whod lived here for five years .,challenged,looking,to stay,visiting,32,整理課件,9.(2017全國II) This included digging up the road, _(lay) the track and then building a strong

41、 roof . 10.(2017全國I) They are required_(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury. 11 (2017全國I)By _ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. 12. (2017全國) But unlike school friends ,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term _ (rest). 13. (2017

42、全國) Sarah wants _(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.,laying,to process,resting,eating,to prove,33,整理課件,非謂語高考真題單句填空,14.(2016全國I) I was the first Western TV reporter _ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 15.(2016全國I) My ambassadorial duties

43、 will include _(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu. 16.(2016全國II) If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely _ (bring) your work home. 17.(2016全國) Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal _(create)special designs. 18.(2

44、016全國) People probably cooked their food in large pots, _ (use)twigs(樹枝)to remove it.,permitted,introducing,to bring,to create,using,34,整理課件,19.(2015全國I) A study of travelers_(conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. 20.(2015全國I) Abercrombie

45、 & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people_ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. 21(2015全國II) The adobe dwellings(土坯房_(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers. 22.(2015全

46、國II) In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without _（use）electric equipment.,conducted,living,built,using,35,整理課件,當句中已有謂語動詞，橫線前又沒有并列連詞與括號中的動詞并列時，所給動詞就是非謂語動詞。此時，就要根據(jù)非謂語動詞的用法確定用具體的某種形式(doing, done, to do)。,36,整理課件,考點七：詞

47、性轉(zhuǎn)換,有提示詞 介詞,冠詞,所有格后接名詞,形容詞修飾名詞,副詞修飾形容詞動詞或整個句子,1. “Thirty-five cents,” she said 36_ (rude). 2. As far as I am concerned, my 37 _ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English within easy reach. 3. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _ (nature) course. 4

48、. _ (doubt), although there is still room for improvement to this policy, I think it is still a good one which brings more good than harm to the students and the nation.,rudely,suggestion,考查語法點: 各類詞性的正確使用及轉(zhuǎn)化,考點分析,natural,Undoubtedly,37,整理課件,1.The title will be _(official) given to me at a ceremony i

49、n London. 2. Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks_(regular). 3. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which _(gradual)turned into chopsticks. 4. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it_(regular) arranges quick getaways

50、. 5. As _(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 6. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat_（slow）during cool nights.,officially,regularly,gradually,regularly,

51、natural,slowly,38,整理課件,7.The river was so polluted that I_(actual) caught fire and burned. 8. While there are _ (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be_ (patience). 9. There wer

52、e many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and _ (disappoint). 10. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers_ (sudden) became friendly to one another. 11. It must have been_(fair)unpleasant for the passsengers, with all

53、 the smoke and noise.,actually,amazing,patient,disappointed,suddenly,fairly,39,整理課件,12.The central London Railway was one of the most _(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. 13. However, be _ (care) not to go to extremes 14. It is_(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. 15

54、. Running is cheap, easy and its always _ (energy). 16. A taste for meat is _ (actual) behind the change. 17. China accounts for about 30 percent of total _ (globe) fertilizer consumption.,successful,careful,certainly,energetic,actually,global,40,整理課件,當空格處所需詞類與括號中所給詞的詞類不同時,就需要詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。這類題一般可根據(jù)以下5點順利解決：

55、（1）作主語或賓語用_形式。 （2）在形容詞性物主代詞、冠詞(+形容詞)、不定代詞(some, any, a lot of等)、介詞后還沒有名詞時，就用_形式。 （3）作定語、表語或補足語用_形式。 （4）作狀語，修飾動詞、形容詞或另一副詞，或放在句首修飾全句，用_。 （5）當所給詞的詞性與空格處所需詞的詞性相同時，無需改變詞性，而可能是只改變詞義但不改變詞性的前綴或后綴，也可能用其比較級或最高級。,名詞,名詞,形容詞,副詞,41,整理課件,在高考全國卷中出現(xiàn)的考綱詞的派生詞是不算生詞的，也不用漢語注明，因此，掌握基本的構(gòu)詞法知識非常重要。 從近兩年全國卷的語法填空來看，詞類轉(zhuǎn)換僅考查了以下3

56、點： (1)形容詞副詞。 (2)形容詞名詞。 (3)名詞形容詞。,42,整理課件,考點八：形容詞副詞的級,有提示詞 通常，有表示范圍的in /of介詞短語或形容詞前有the時，一般要用最高級；than的前面一定要用比較級,One of the 33_ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher 2. We were both laughing the whole time at our complete inability to communicate in words. When it was time to leave, I said “thank you” in Korean, using some of the few words I had learned. I felt