三大從句講解(實用課件)

1、三大從句講解(實用課件) 2 名詞性從句（名詞性從句（substantive clauses):substantive clauses):主語從句主語從句subject clausesubject clause、賓語、賓語 從句從句object clauseobject clause、表語從句、表語從句predicative clausepredicative clause、同位語從句、同位語從句 appositive clause.appositive clause. 定語從句（定語從句（attributive clause):attributive clause):形容詞性從句形容詞性從句

2、 狀語從句（狀語從句（adverbial clause):adverbial clause):副詞性從句（時間、地點、條件、結(jié)果、副詞性從句（時間、地點、條件、結(jié)果、 目的、原因、讓步，方式等等）目的、原因、讓步，方式等等） 3 For example: For example: I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make decision of my own.decision of my o

3、wn. I found the wallet where you left it.I found the wallet where you left it. She sang as she walked home all the way.She sang as she walked home all the way. Many people , as you know, are learing foreign languages.Many people , as you know, are learing foreign languages. Her house, which was buil

4、t a hundred years ago, stood still in Her house, which was built a hundred years ago, stood still in the earthquake.the earthquake. The news that our team has won the games was true.The news that our team has won the games was true. It was obvious that youve made a big mistake.It was obvious that yo

5、uve made a big mistake. He will talk to us about what he saw in the school.He will talk to us about what he saw in the school. 1.1.He looks as if he was going to cry.He looks as if he was going to cry. 4 1.1.引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)名詞性從句名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：的連接詞可分為三類： 連接詞：連接詞：that, whether, if (that, whether, if (不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分）

6、不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分） 連接代詞：連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which 連接副詞：連接副詞：when, where, how, why when, where, how, why 5 2.2.引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)定語從句定語從句的連接詞的連接詞 關(guān)系代詞：關(guān)系代詞：that, which,who, whom,whose, asthat, which,who, whom,whose, as等等 關(guān)系副詞：關(guān)系副詞：where, when, w

7、hy where, when, why 等等 3.3.引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)狀語從句狀語從句的連接詞：的連接詞： ) )時間狀語從句：時間狀語從句：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since.since. ) )地點狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：地點狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：where, whereverwhere, wherever 6 ) )原因狀語從句：原因狀語從句：because= in that , as because= in that , as ) )目的狀語從句：目

8、的狀語從句：so that, in order thatso that, in order that ) )結(jié)果狀語從句：結(jié)果狀語從句：so.that, such.thatso.that, such.that ) )條件狀語從句：條件狀語從句：ifif，unlessunless ）讓步狀語從句：）讓步狀語從句：though, although, even if, even though though, although, even if, even though 7 8 引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系副詞 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞 When=on(in,during)which where=

9、on(in,in front of)which Why=for which 9 如何選用定語從句的關(guān)系詞如何選用定語從句的關(guān)系詞 1.1.首先分清主句和定語從句首先分清主句和定語從句 2.2.確定定語從句的先行詞確定定語從句的先行詞 3.3.把先行詞帶回到定語從句中去，看其在定語從句中做什么語法成分（主語，把先行詞帶回到定語從句中去，看其在定語從句中做什么語法成分（主語， 賓語，定語或狀語）賓語，定語或狀語） 4.4.若先行詞在從句中做若先行詞在從句中做主語、賓語或定語主語、賓語或定語則選擇則選擇關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞，若在從句中做，若在從句中做狀狀 語語，則選擇，則選擇關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞。 10 1

10、. who, whom, whose, that 用法區(qū)別用法區(qū)別. who 作定語從句的作定語從句的主語主語或或賓語賓語. The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker. whom 作定語從句的作定語從句的賓語賓語 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher. that 可以作定語從句的可以作定語從句的主語主語和和賓語（可省略）賓語（可省略）. The man who / that is speaking at the meeting is a worker. The woman (

11、whom / that) they wanted to visit is a teacher. 11 whose 作定語從句的作定語從句的定語定語. I know the girl whose mother is a teacher. 2. which, that 的用法的用法 which 作定語從句的作定語從句的主語或賓語（可省略）主語或賓語（可省略） This is a truck which / that is made in China. I like the book (which / that) you bought yesterday. 12 3. 只能用只能用that的情況的情

12、況 Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known. This is the first play that I have seen since I came here. 序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾先行詞時序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾先行詞時 Ive read all the books that you lend me. 先行詞被先行詞被every, some, no, all, any, little, much等修飾時。等修飾時。 13 Everything that we saw in this film was true. everythin

13、g, something, nothing, all, anything, little, much等不定代詞作先行詞時等不定代詞作先行詞時 This is the very book that belongs to him. 先行詞被先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時。修飾時。 Who is the girl that is standing under the tree? Which is the machine that we used last Sunday. who is the worker that took some ph

14、otos of the factory.主句已有主句已有 who和和which時只能用時只能用that 14 主句已有主句已有who或或which時時 Ive never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now. 當(dāng)先行詞同時指當(dāng)先行詞同時指人人和和物物時時 4.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時 (介詞提前介詞提前) .指人只用指人只用whom, 指物只用指物只用which This is the boy with whom he talked. This is the ring on which she

15、spent 1000 dollars. 15 以以whenwhen作為例子作為例子 1.1.名詞性從句名詞性從句 It remains unknown when they are going to get married.It remains unknown when they are going to get married. ( (主語從句常用主語從句常用itit做形式主語，而將主語從句置于句末）做形式主語，而將主語從句置于句末） The problem is when we will start.The problem is when we will start. Its up to y

16、ou decide when we will start.Its up to you decide when we will start. I have no idea when he will back.I have no idea when he will back. 16 2.2.狀語從句狀語從句 James pretended to be deaf when I spoke to him.James pretended to be deaf when I spoke to him. I was about to leave my office when the telephone ra

17、ng.I was about to leave my office when the telephone rang. When the wind blows, all the doors rattle.When the wind blows, all the doors rattle. Come when you are ready.Come when you are ready. She stopped trying, when she might succeed next time.She stopped trying, when she might succeed next time.

18、17 3.3.定語從句定語從句 whenwhen引導(dǎo)定語從句表示時間，在定語從句中做狀語，它的先行詞是表示時間引導(dǎo)定語從句表示時間，在定語從句中做狀語，它的先行詞是表示時間 的名詞如的名詞如the day, the days,the time, the yearthe day, the days,the time, the year等等 1980 was the year when he was born.1980 was the year when he was born. Ill never forget the days when I worked with you.Ill never

19、forget the days when I worked with you. 18 練習(xí)：練習(xí)： 1. The English play _ my students acted at the New Year1. The English play _ my students acted at the New Years s party was a great success.party was a great success. A. for whichA. for whichB. at whichB. at whichC. in whichC. in whichD. on whichD. o

20、n which 2. Roses need special care _ they can live through winter.2. Roses need special care _ they can live through winter. A. becauseA. because B. so that B. so thatC. even ifC. even ifD. asD. as 3.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year3.The factory produces half a million p

21、airs of shoes every year， 80% _are sold abroad.80% _are sold abroad. A. of whichA. of which B. which of B. which ofC. of themC. of them D. of that D. of that 19 4. A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do.4. A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do. A. howA. how B. after B.

22、 after C. what C. what D. whe D. when n 5._this company has done seems to be in agreement with what 5._this company has done seems to be in agreement with what the government has called for.the government has called for. A. ThatA. ThatB. HowB. How C. Whether C. WhetherD. WhatD. What 20 6.Fortunately we had a map6.Fortunately we had a map， without _we would have got lost. without _we would have got lost. A. whichA. which B. it B. itC. that