地理信息系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)心得

1、地理信息系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)心得在開學(xué)之際，通過導(dǎo)師的指導(dǎo)，選擇了地理信息系統(tǒng)這門課。通過張秋文老師的精心講解，我獲益匪淺。第一：掌握地理信息系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)。地理信息系統(tǒng)（GIS ，Geographic Information System ）是一門綜合性學(xué)科，結(jié)合地理學(xué)與地圖學(xué)以及遙感和計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)，已經(jīng)廣泛的應(yīng)用在不同的領(lǐng)域，是用于輸入、存儲(chǔ)、查詢、分析和顯示地理數(shù)據(jù)的計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)。GIS 是一種基于計(jì)算機(jī)的工具，它可以對(duì)空間信息進(jìn)行分析和處理（簡(jiǎn)而言之，是對(duì)地球上存在的現(xiàn)象和發(fā)生的事件進(jìn)行成圖和分析）。 GIS 技術(shù)把地圖這種獨(dú)特的視覺化效果和地理分析功能與一般的數(shù)據(jù)庫操作（例如查詢和統(tǒng)計(jì)分析等）集成在一起

2、。GIS 與其他信息系統(tǒng)最大的區(qū)別是對(duì)空間信息的存儲(chǔ)管理分析，從而使其在廣泛的公眾和個(gè)人企事業(yè)單位中解釋事件、預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果、規(guī)劃戰(zhàn)略等中具有實(shí)用價(jià)值。地理信息系統(tǒng)工作原理：地理信息系統(tǒng)是將計(jì)算機(jī)硬件、軟件、地理數(shù)據(jù)以及系統(tǒng)管理人員組織而成的對(duì)任一形式的地理信息進(jìn)行高效獲取、存儲(chǔ)、更新、操作、分析及顯示的集成。地理信息系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用：（1）GIS 用于全球環(huán)境變化動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)；（2）GIS 用于自然資源調(diào)查與管理；（3）GIS 用于監(jiān)測(cè)、預(yù)測(cè)；（4）GIS 用于城市、區(qū)域規(guī)劃和地籍管理；（5）GIS 的軍事應(yīng)用；（6）GIS 用于電網(wǎng)輔助決策中；（7）GIS 還在金融業(yè)、保險(xiǎn)業(yè)、公共事業(yè)、社會(huì)治安、運(yùn)輸導(dǎo)航

3、、考古、醫(yī)療救護(hù)等領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。第二：地理信息系統(tǒng)拓寬了我的眼界、拓展了我的思維。在學(xué)習(xí)這門課以前，我在看水利信息化相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)，對(duì)GIS沒有絲毫了解，只是大概的知道GPS、RS，學(xué)了GIS后，我便有了一個(gè)想法。即通過GPS、RS與GIS的結(jié)合，實(shí)現(xiàn)灌區(qū)信息化的建設(shè)。通過網(wǎng)上信息的查閱，我了解到相關(guān)信息：灌區(qū)信息中70%以上與空間地理位置有關(guān)。網(wǎng)格GIS不僅可以用于存儲(chǔ)和管理海量灌區(qū)信息還可以用于灌區(qū)的可視化查詢與網(wǎng)上發(fā)布。利用其空間分析能力可直接為灌區(qū)灌溉決策提供輔助支持。在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，可以通過RS獲取農(nóng)業(yè)自然資源、作物長(zhǎng)勢(shì)、氣象趨勢(shì)、災(zāi)害等動(dòng)態(tài)信息，將這些信息直接以柵格格式存入空間數(shù)據(jù)

4、庫，為地理信息系統(tǒng)提供大量的定位定量觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)。利用GPS作為重點(diǎn)工程數(shù)據(jù)更新的手段，將采集的數(shù)據(jù)放入實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)庫。利用地理信息系統(tǒng)自己所帶的功能結(jié)合其他數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)這些數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行管理。此外，通過GIS技術(shù)，可以在多種復(fù)雜因素共同作用條件下，隨意假設(shè)或更改部分邊界條件，對(duì)可能出現(xiàn)的結(jié)果進(jìn)行數(shù)字模擬和仿真，通過生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)積累與反饋，實(shí)現(xiàn)灌區(qū)規(guī)劃和管理的優(yōu)化。GIS系統(tǒng)的建立，可以很大程度上提高行業(yè)內(nèi)工作人員的效率，減少人力、物力、財(cái)力的輸出；可以提高灌區(qū)管理水平，提高水資源利用效率，加快灌區(qū)現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)展進(jìn)程。第三：時(shí)時(shí)保持學(xué)習(xí)的姿態(tài)。在課堂上，僅僅學(xué)習(xí)的是GIS的理論知識(shí)，但是在實(shí)際中我們還得學(xué)習(xí)GIS的

5、應(yīng)用知識(shí)，湯國安和楊昕編著的地理信息系統(tǒng)空間分析實(shí)驗(yàn)教程就很好用。GIS在國內(nèi)飛速發(fā)展，應(yīng)用越來越廣泛，但是信息技術(shù)也在飛速發(fā)展，為了與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，我們必須時(shí)時(shí)保持學(xué)習(xí)的姿態(tài)和熱情。GIS是未來發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，把握好趨勢(shì)，才能在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中處于不敗之地。GIS learning experienceAt the beginning of the term, through the guidance of my instructor, I chose the GIS course. By teacher Zhangs elaborate, I benefited.First: to master the bas

6、is of geographic information system.Geographic Information System (GIS) is a comprehensive discipline combining geography and map science and remote sensing and computer science. It has been widely used in different fields for inputting, storing, querying, analyzing and displaying Geographic data co

7、mputer system. GIS is a computer-based tool that analyzes and processes spatial information (in short, mapping and analyzing phenomena and events that occur on Earth). GIS technology integrates maps with this unique visualization and geo-analytic capabilities with common database operations such as

8、querying and statistical analysis. The biggest difference between GIS and other information systems is the storage management analysis of spatial information, which makes it have practical value in explaining events, forecasting results and planning strategies in a wide range of public and private e

9、nterprises.How Geographic Information Systems Work: Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is the integration of computer hardware, software, geo-data, and system administrators to efficiently capture, store, update, manipulate, analyze, and display any form of geographic information.GIS application:

10、(1) GIS is used for dynamic monitoring of global environmental change; (2) GIS is used for natural resource investigation and management; (3) GIS is used for monitoring and forecasting; (4) GIS is used for urban and regional planning And cadastral management; (5) military applications of GIS; (6) GI

11、S for power grid decision-making; (7) GIS is also used in the fields of finance, insurance, public utilities, social security, transport navigation, archeology and medical rescue Has been widely used.Second: GIS has broadened my horizons and thinking.Before I take this course, I was looking at the r

12、elated literature of water informatization. I did not know anything about GIS. I just knew about GPS, RS, and after learning GIS, I had an idea. Through the combination of GPS, RS and GIS, to achieve the construction of irrigation information. Through the online information access, I learned that th

13、e relevant information: more than 70% of the information in the irrigation area and the geographical location of the space. Grid GIS can not only be used to store and manage information on a large number of irrigation districts, but also can be used for visual query and online publishing of irrigati

14、on districts. Using its spatial analysis capabilities, it can provide direct support for irrigation decision-making in irrigation districts. In practice, dynamic information such as agricultural natural resources, crop growth, meteorological trends and disasters can be obtained through RS. The infor

15、mation can be directly stored in a spatial database in a grid format to provide a large number of quantitative and directional observation data for geographic information system. The use of GPS as a key project data update means, the collected data into the real-time database. Use the capabilities o

16、f your own geographic information system to manage these data in combination with other data.In addition, through GIS technology, some boundary conditions can be arbitrarily assumed or modified under the condition of multiple complex factors, digital simulation and simulation of the possible results

17、 can be carried out, and the practical experience and feedback of production can be used to realize the planning and management of the irrigated area optimization.The establishment of the GIS system can greatly improve the efficiency of staff in the industry and reduce the output of manpower, materi

18、al and financial resources; improve the management level of irrigation districts, improve the utilization efficiency of water resources and accelerate the development of the irrigation area modernization.Third: keep learning attitude.In the classroom, just learning the theoretical knowledge of GIS, but in fact we have to learn GIS application knowledge, Tang GuoAn and Yang Xins bookGIS spatial analysis experiment tutorialis easy to use.GIS is booming in China and