Chinese Culture(中國(guó)文化概論)

1、 v1.1 symbols 象征象征: vnational flag 國(guó)旗：國(guó)旗： red flag with five stars 五星紅旗五星紅旗 v1.1 symbols 象征象征: vnational emblem 國(guó)徽 v1.1 symbols 象征象征: vcapital 首都：首都：beijing 北京北京 yangzi river 長(zhǎng)江 yellows river 黃河 v1.8 languages 語(yǔ)言語(yǔ)言: standard chinese or mandarin (putonghua, based on the beijing dialect) 普通話；yue (cant

2、onese)粵語(yǔ)； wu (shanghainese)上海話；minbei (fuzhou) 福州話；minnan (hokkien-taiwanese) 閩 南話（臺(tái)語(yǔ)）；xiang, gan, and hakka dialects, as well as minority languages v2.1 xiamen at a glance 廈門概況廈門概況 valso know as 也被稱為aigrette island 鷺島 vlocation地理位置: 11753 - 11825 e. longitude, 2425 - 2454 n. latitude vpopulation人口

3、end of 2005: 2, 640, 900 (incl. 1, 069, 000 non permanent residents ) vnationalities民族: han (漢), she(畬), miao (苗), hui (回), manchu (滿), gaoshan (高山) vlanguages語(yǔ)言: mandarin普通話, minnan (s. fujian dialect)閩南話 vclimate氣候: subtropical marine monsoon 亞熱帶海洋性季風(fēng) v avg. winter temperature: 55f v avg. summer t

4、emperature: 82f v avg. annual rainfall: 1.315mm vtotal land area 陸地面積: 1, 569.3km2 v island area: 130km2 v sea area: 300+ km2 v coastline: 234 km v green coverage of developed areas: 42% v green space per capita: 13.57m2 vaverage lifespan人均壽命: 78. 23 vsister cities姐妹城市: cardiff shire, uk, sasebo, ja

5、pan, cebu, philippines, baltimore, us, wellington, new zealand, penang, malaysia maroochy shire, australia, kanaus, lithuania, guadalajara, mexico, zoetermeer, netherlands v2.2 tourist attractions v gulangyu 鼓浪嶼 vthe 10,000 rock botanical garden 萬(wàn)石植物園 vnanputuo temple 南普陀寺 vhuli hill fort 胡里山炮臺(tái) vthe

6、 ring roads sites 環(huán)島路 voverseas chinese museum 華僑博物館 vxiamen university 廈門大學(xué) v2.3 emergency phone numbers 緊急電話緊急電話 v police: 110 v first aid: 120 v fire alarm: 119 v phone directory service: 114 v 3.1 tea 中國(guó)茶中國(guó)茶 v3.2 chinese food 中國(guó)菜中國(guó)菜 v1）cuisines 菜系 8 regional cuisines: shandong cuisine魯菜 sichuan

7、cuisine川菜 guangdong cuisine粵菜 fujian cuisine閩菜 jiangsu cuisine蘇菜 zhejiang cuisine浙菜 hunan cuisine湘菜 anhui cuisine徽菜 v2）local specialties in xiamen vspring rolls 春卷 v2）local specialties in xiamen vtosun (jelly fish and sea worm) 土筍凍 vfried oysters (oyster-egg pancake) 海蠣煎 vstir- fried rice noodles 炒面

8、線 vzongzi 粽子 v3）restaurants vsouth fujin cuisine (min cai 閩菜） vcantonese cuisine (yue cai 粵菜) vsichuan cuisine (chuan cai 川菜) vshanghai cuisine (shanghai cai 上海菜) vchaozhou cuisine (chaozhou cai 潮州菜) v3）restaurants vnortheastern cuisine (dongbwi cai 東北 菜) vhunan cuisine (xiang cai 湘菜) vhakka cuisine

9、 (kejia cai 客家菜) vnorthwestern noodles (xibei lamian 西北 拉面） vbeef noodles (niu roumian 牛肉面) 3.3 some chinese arts v1）. beijing opera京劇 v2）calligraphy書法 v3）paper cutting:剪紙 v3.4 chinese holidays vchinese new year 春節(jié) vlantern festival 元宵節(jié) vgrave sweeping day 清明節(jié) vdragon boat festival 端午節(jié) vmid-autumn f

10、estival 中秋節(jié) vmoon-cake gambling vhelloni hao你好 vmy name is. wo jiao .我叫. vgoodbyezai jian再見(jiàn) vthanksxie xie 謝謝 vyoure welcome bu ke qi 不客氣 vsorrydui bu qi對(duì)不起 vcorrect / rightdui對(duì) vincorrect / wrongbu dui不對(duì) vdont wantbu yao 不要 vdont havemei you沒(méi)有 vi dont knowwo bu zhi dao我不知道 vplease give me: qing gei

11、 wo: 請(qǐng)給我： va menu cai dan 菜單 vthe bill jie zhang結(jié)帳 va fork / spoon / knife cha / shao zi / dao 叉 / 勺子 / 刀chopsticks kuai zi筷子 a napkincan jin餐巾 va plate / bowlpanzi / wan盤子 / 碗 vid like to take the to go. wo yao dai zou. 我要帶走。 vrestaurant fan dian飯店 vcafe ka fei ba 咖啡吧 vbarjiu ba酒吧 vid like a cup of

12、 coffee.wo yao yi bei ka fei.我要一杯咖啡。 vplease speak more slowlyqing shuo de man yi dian.請(qǐng)說(shuō)得慢一點(diǎn)。 vturn leftzuo guai左拐 v turn rightyou guai右拐 vgo straightyi zhi zou一直走 vstop the vehicleting che停車 vi want to go to: wo yao qu: 我要去： vhotel jiu dian酒店 vairport fei ji chang飛機(jī)場(chǎng) vtrain station huo che zhan火車站

13、 vi want to return home wo yao hui jia. 我要回家 vhow much is it?duo shao qian? 多少錢？ vtoo expensive tai gui le太貴了 vcheaper?pian yi dian?便宜點(diǎn)？ vtoo big tai da太大 vtoo small tai xiao 太小 vplease give me a receipt. qing gei wo fa piao.請(qǐng)給我發(fā)票 vmonday / tuesday xing qi yi / xing qi er 星期一 / 星期二 vwednesday / thur

14、sday xing qi san / xing qi si星期三 / 星期四 vfriday / saturday xing qi wu / xing qi liu 星期五 / 星期六 vsunday xing qi tian星期天 v1:00 / 2:00 yi dian / liang dian一點(diǎn) / 兩點(diǎn) vmorningzao shang / shang wu早上 / 上午 vafternoon xia wu 下午 veveningwan shang 晚上 vtoday jin tian今天 vtomorrow / yesterday ming tian / zuo tian明天 / 昨天 vday after tomorrowhou tian后天 vday before yesterday qian tian前天 v1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 /yi / er / san / si / wu /一 /二 /三 / 四 / 五 / v 6 / 7 / 8 / 9 / 10 liu / qi / ba / jiu / shi六 / 七 / 八 / 九 /