魯教版初二下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)u3 知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、unit 3 will people have robots?知識(shí)點(diǎn)：1、一般將來(lái)時(shí)a) 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的構(gòu)成：由助動(dòng)詞shall或will加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成，shall用于第一人稱(chēng)。在口語(yǔ)中，will在名詞或代詞后常簡(jiǎn)略為ll， will not常簡(jiǎn)略為wont。這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的肯定，否定和疑問(wèn)結(jié)構(gòu)可表示如下：肯定句否定句疑問(wèn)句i (we)shall(will) go.you(he, she, they) will go.i(we)shall(will) not go.you(he, she, they)will not go.shall i(we) go?will you (he, she, they)

2、 go?用”be going to +動(dòng)詞原形”也可表示將來(lái)時(shí)，表示將要發(fā)生的事，打算或決定要做的事。i think it is going to snow.我看要下雪。b)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法：1）表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況；2） 不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移，肯定要發(fā)生的事情。the day after tomorrow will be national day.后天是國(guó)慶日。 c) 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)標(biāo)志詞： 1.含tomorrow; next短語(yǔ)； 2.in+段時(shí)間 ；3.how soon； 4.by+將來(lái)時(shí)間； 5.by the time sb.do6.祈使句句型中：or/and sb. will

3、 do7.在時(shí)間/條件狀語(yǔ)從句中, 如果從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí), 主句用將來(lái)時(shí)（主將從現(xiàn)） 8.another day 2、in 與 after的區(qū)別in是指以現(xiàn)在時(shí)間為起點(diǎn)的“在一段時(shí)間以后”。也可以表示“在將來(lái)多少時(shí)間之內(nèi)”，句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)；after常指以過(guò)去時(shí)間為起點(diǎn)的“一段時(shí)間之后”，所以它與過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)連用。當(dāng)after指某個(gè)特定的未來(lái)時(shí)刻或日期之后，或指以將來(lái)某一時(shí)間為起點(diǎn)的若干時(shí)間之后時(shí)，它可以與將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)連用。例句：ill be back in half an hour. 我半小時(shí)后就回來(lái).4) “after+一段時(shí)間”或“一段時(shí)間+later”表示“（在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間看

4、來(lái)）一段時(shí)間之后”。he went home after two days. 他兩天后回家了。three years later，she had a baby. 三年后，她生了一個(gè)嬰兒。3.fall的短語(yǔ)：n.秋天，秋季v.掉落，掉下（1）fall in love with 愛(ài)上 (2)fall behind:落在的后面e.g. work harder,or you will fall behind others. (3)fall off:從上掉下來(lái)e.g. mary fell off the ladder（梯子） last night.4、there be結(jié)構(gòu) 英語(yǔ)中,there be句型常

5、表示某處有某人或某物。there will be 是there be句型的將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。e.g. there wont be any paper money. （否定）will there be less pollution? (疑問(wèn)) yes, there will./ no, there wont. there will be more people. (肯定)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤：there will have 1)there與be中間可插入一些表示推測(cè)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、表示時(shí)態(tài)的短語(yǔ)和一些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),以強(qiáng)調(diào)某種語(yǔ)氣。例如:there must be some flowers in the box. 盒子里肯定

6、有些鮮花。2)there be句型常與過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,構(gòu)成一些固定句型,用于故事發(fā)生的開(kāi)頭,交代故事發(fā)生的時(shí)間。many years ago,there was such a beautiful girl called cindy.很久以前有一個(gè)叫cindy的美麗女孩。3)there be句型可換成there come / go,以引起注意,加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。 there comes the bus.公共汽車(chē)來(lái)了。4)there be句型或there加其他動(dòng)詞的句型,其動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù),常采用就近一致的原則。例如:there is a desk, two chairs and three benches

7、 in the room. there are two chairs, a desk and three benches in the room. 5)there be或there加其他動(dòng)詞的句型,其反意疑問(wèn)句一律用there？ 例如:there is a cat in the garden, isnt there？ 5、 people, person, folks, human: people“人們“全體；person “人”（不分年齡，性別它包括men, women, children.它可做people的單數(shù)形式可以說(shuō)every person但不能說(shuō)one people. person指

8、“人們”時(shí)著重個(gè)體；folks“人們”，指一般人或特殊年齡位置，境遇等特殊級(jí)的人；human主要用來(lái)區(qū)別于其他動(dòng)物。征對(duì)性練習(xí)一. 根據(jù)句意，用括號(hào)中動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. we_(go) fishing tomorrow. 2. what are you going_(do) this evening?3. would you like to play football with us?id love to. but i_(help) my mother after lunch.4. is your brother in? yes. but he_(leave) for england s

9、oon.5. what time_we_ (start)? at eight tomorrow morning.二請(qǐng)?jiān)谙铝懈黝}空格處填入shall或will。1you _ not drive through a red light.2i _ do everything for her.3_ you help me with this heavy bag, john?4_ i help you with that heavy bag, madam?5lets go and take a walk after dinner, _ we?6no one _ leave the classroom i

10、f i havent said okay, said the teacher.7it _ soon be over, i am sure.8do what you _ , but dont go out.9i _ take you there with me, if its ok with your mother. 10rain or shine, i _ come.1. there _ any rice in the bowl.a. are b. is c. isnt d. arent 2.there_ not _ milk in the cup . a. are, manyb. are ,

11、 much c. is ,manyd. is ,much 3.there _ many apples on the tree last year. a. have been b. were c. are d. is 4.do you know if _ a meeting next sunday ? a. there was going to have b. there was going to be c. is there going to be d. there will be 5. is this the last exam we have to take ? no, but there

12、 _ another test three months later. a. will be going to b. is c. will be d. has been6.there _ great changes in such kind of computers in the last few years. a. is b. are c. will be d. have been7.there _ a film tomorrow evening awill have bhave cis going to be dhas8.there _ a school at the foot of th

13、ehill. ahave bstand care dstands9.theres going to _ in tomorrows newspapers. a. have something new b. have new something c. be something new d. be new something10.there is some milk in the bottle, _ ?aisnt there barent there cisnt it dare there 11.how many boys _ there in class one? a. be b. is c. a

14、re d. am12.there _ a lot of good news in todays newspaper.a. is b. are c. was d. were13_ any flowers on both sides of the street ?ais there bare there chas dhave14. there _ great changes in our country since 1982.a. have beenb. werec. has beend. are15. there is little water in the glass, _ ?a. isnt

15、there b. isnt it c. is it d. is there16. -there is no air or water on the moon. is there? - _. a. yes, there are b. no, there isnt c. yes, there isnt d. no, there is17.-what did you see in the basket then ? -there _ a bottle of orange and some oranges. a. is b. are c. was d. were18. _ any flowers on

16、 both sides of the street ?a. is there b. are there c. has d. have19. _ is there on the table? a. how many apples b. how much bread c. how much breads d. how many food 20. there isnt _ paper in the box. will you go and get some for me? a. anyb. somec. ad. an 1、wear、put on、have.in的區(qū)別wear表示“穿”，表示狀態(tài)，用一

17、般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常狀態(tài)，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示暫時(shí)狀態(tài)。egwe wear our rain boots on a rainy day. 我們?cè)谙掠晏齑┯晷?。she is wearing a new coat 她穿著一件新衣服。put on是“穿上”，“戴上”的意思，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。egshe put on a red coat and went out. 她穿上紅色大衣出去了。 注意：put on是一時(shí)的動(dòng)作，不能跟表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。他整天戴著草帽。 誤：he puts on a hat all day. 正：he wears a hat all day2、seem的用法：1)seem to do似

18、乎he seems to think so.2)it seems that看來(lái)it seems that he is lying. 3) seem +adj./n.好象是 he seems ill.3、would like sth意思為“想要某物“； would like to do意思為 “想要做某事”?；卮饂ould like句型的一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，其肯定回答為 “yes, please.”;否定回答“no, thanks”或 “id like /love to, but.”4、.make sb. do; make +n+adj.; make friends with sb.; make +n

19、./ pron.+n.5、. such作形容詞，意思是“如此的”“這樣的”，修飾各種名詞。 such這樣的。如it is such bad weather.天氣如此惡劣。 such常和as搭配，表示一種類(lèi)別。如we enjoy such a voice as hers.我們喜歡象她那樣的嗓子。 such常和表示結(jié)果的that從句搭配，表示“如此.以至于”如 it was such a hot day that we all had to stay at home. suchthat和sothat都可用來(lái)引出一個(gè)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。由于such是形容詞，所以that從句前有一個(gè)受such修飾的名詞；而

20、so 是副詞，用以修飾形容詞或副詞，因此that從句前一般不出現(xiàn)名詞。如 they are such kind-hearted teachers that people in the village all respect them. the exam was so difficult that many students failed to pass it.a) 如果名詞是可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式，such和so的位置不同：such+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞 so+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)名詞b) 如果名詞是不可數(shù)名詞或名詞復(fù)數(shù)，只可用such,不能用so.:such+adj.+不可數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名

21、詞c) 如果被修飾的不可數(shù)名詞被much, little, 或復(fù)數(shù)名詞被many, few等表示量的形容詞修飾時(shí)，用so，不用such.d) 當(dāng)little表示“年紀(jì)小的”時(shí)，可用such+little+名詞 there were such little children that they couldnt clean the room.5、use的短語(yǔ)：(1)be used by:被使用 e.g. rockets are used by astronauts. (2)use sth. to do sth.:使用某物做某事 e.g. he often uses the computer to

22、study.6、hundred 的用法one hundred students three hundred books five hundred treeshundreds of students/books /trees “有of就有s，沒(méi)of就沒(méi)s”7、alone adj.（只作表語(yǔ) adv.獨(dú)自；單獨(dú) he was alone in the house他一個(gè)人在屋里. i went to the movies alone，i felt lonely. 我獨(dú)自去看電影了，我覺(jué)得很孤獨(dú)。 注 alone 表示“單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)自一人的”，不含感情色彩.做形容詞時(shí)，只能在be動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞之后做表語(yǔ)與

23、lonely不同，lonely表示“孤獨(dú)的，寂寞的”含有豐富的感情色彩.lonely做形容詞時(shí)，可做定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。如: a lonely village 孤寂的村莊.8、fly to飛往= go to +地點(diǎn)+by plane/air jim is flying to beijing next week. =jim is going to beijing by plane next week.9、probably與maybe 但比maybe可能性更大10、it will be + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 征對(duì)性練習(xí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別。1、i _

24、(be) a little kid ten years ago. i _ (be) a middle school student now.i _(be) a college student in five years.2、 she_ (not have ) a pet parrot five years ago. she _( have) a parrot now.she _ (have ) a car in five years3. people will live to be 100 years old in 100 years.（劃線提問(wèn)） _( ) 4. there _ an eng

25、lish speech contest tomorrow afternoon in our school.a will have b will is c is going to have d will be( ) 5. in ten years joe _ an astronaut. a is b was c will is d will be( ) 6. he is very happy , because he _ in a big apartment next year. a live b lives c will live d will living7. kids will go to

26、 school (否定句）_8. i will fly rockets to the moon.（劃線提問(wèn)）_9. what is the weather like today? （用將來(lái)時(shí)改寫(xiě)）what _ the weather _ tomorrow?10. there _ (be) less free time in the future. 11 he _ (ride) his bike to school tomorrow.12 tom _ (write) a letter this morning, and he _(send) it to his father this eveni

27、ng.13 kate often _ (watch) tv at night, but this evening she _ (watch) a new movie in the cinema.14. i _ (study) in high school ten years ago, and now i _ (be) a college student. in ten years i _ (be) a lawyer(律師). 15. 看圖表，用more，less或 fewer 完成練習(xí)。 人物：littleton，new yorknowin 100 years600 houses1000 ho

28、usesa lot of pollutionalmost no pollutionseven schoolstwo schools2400 people3500 peoplea lot of snowa little snowsix movie theaterstwo movie theatersin 100 years（1） there will be _ houses. （2） there will be _ pollution.（3） there will be _ schools. （4） there will be _ people.（5） there will be _ snow.

29、 （6） there will be _ movie theaters.16. he _ (be) able _ (get )good grades next year.17、i _ (be) able to _ (go) climbing with my friends last sunday.18、she _ (be) able to play the piano well. 19、they _ (be) able to visit shang hai last year. 20.試完成下列劃線部分提問(wèn) (1) the weather is sunny today._ _ the weat

30、her _ today? _ _ the weather today?(2) the weather will be sunny tomorrow?_ _ the weather _ _ tomorrow? _ _ the weather _ tomorrow?21. my little son isnt old enough to _ himself a wear b put in c dress d be in22. there _ a football game on tv tonight a is going to be b will have c is going to be d i

31、s having 23. it _ that lucy knew everything about it a seem b looks like c seemed d looked like24. there are about two _ volunteers planting treesa hundred b hundreds c hundred of d hundreds of25. dont make the kids _this or that ,or they will be tired a doing b did c do d to do 26. we find _ useful

32、 to learn a foreign language a that b this c it d 27 -how soon will he come back?-_ _ two days. a. before b. after c. in d. for28. if you want to be healthier, you must eat _food and do _ exercise. a. little, many b. much, few c. fewer, less d. less, more29. i hope my dream _ true in the future. a.

33、comes b. came c. will come d. to come 30 mr green _ out this morning. he_ back this evening. a. goes, is b. went. was c. went, will d. went. will be31 i hope everything _ free in twenty years. a. is b. was c. will d. will be32 kate likes singing _ because shes very shy. a. along b. alone c. lonely d

34、. longly33 will you go skating tomorrow? _. a. yes, i wont b. no, i dont c. yes, ill. d. no, i wont.34. -will you please go skating with me ?-_.a. sure. b. no, i dont c. yes, ill. d. no, i wont. 35 would you like to have a try? yes, very much. it _ to be exciting. a. seems b. seemed c. is look d. seem練習(xí)：用括弧中動(dòng)詞的適