2018年成人高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試高起點(diǎn)《英語》試卷及答案解析

1、 2018 年成人高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試高起點(diǎn)英語本試卷分第卷（選擇題）和第卷 (非選擇題 )兩部分，滿分 150 分?？荚嚂r間 120 分鐘。第卷（選擇題，共 105 分）一、語音知識：共 5 小題；每題 1.5 分，共 7.5 分。在下列每組單詞中，有一個單詞的劃線部分與其他單詞的劃線部分的讀音不同。找出這個詞。b cleanb. thiefb wearb. excuseb powerc breakc. neitherc pearc. buttonc. brownd peaced. thusd. heard. musicd below5. a. allow二、詞匯與語法知識：共 15 小

2、題；每題 1.5 分，共 225 分。從每小題的四個選擇項(xiàng)中，選出最佳的一項(xiàng)。6. -was the gentlemans name david?-no. i dont think so, buta. many thanksc. not at all,go on,please.b. i d like tod. never mine7. our manager is not in right now. can ia message?a. leaveb. takec. gived. writethis time.b. on8. george ought to have arriveda. duri

3、ngc ind. by9. once johnny starts painting a picture, he wont stop until it.a had been finishedc is finishedb. was finishedd. will be finished10. the girl is waiting for her aunt ona. otherc. another11. i never seem to have any timea to spendside of the road.b. the otherd. one otherwith my parents.b

4、spentc. having spend spend12.-the story is too hard to understand-yes,a. sincec ifits short and there arent many new words in it.b becaused. though13.-will john get to the company?-in three hoursa. how soonc how oftenb how longd. how fast14.they all looked so happy. theyhave succeeded after so many

5、failures. a. mustc shouldb wouldd could15. i came across this old book while ia. cleanmy roomb. will cleanc have cleanedd was cleaning16.tom isa tallest: tallerc tall: tallerthan george, but john is theof the threeb. taller: tallestd. taller: tall17. the teacher asked all the students in the class t

6、o keep their eyesfor a minute.a. closeb. closedc to closed. closing18. in the last five years the citya has spreadout rapidly in all directions.b has been spreadd spreadc. was spread19. i think vic feels surprised by the facti m smarter than he is.b whicha. whyc whend. that20. a good teacher must be

7、a. either: ortoo stricttoo weak.b. neither: norc. not only; but alsod. both;and15 小題；每題 2 分，共 30三、完形填空共分。通讀下面的短文，掌握其大意。然后，從每小題的四個選擇項(xiàng)中選出可填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。in the past, i always thought that being a teacher was an easy job. but i changed my21when i became a part-time teacher. about four years ago, richard

8、asked me22 i couldhelp teach his students how to make a website about themselves.i 23 because computer is what i do well and i didn t think teaching computerwould be that24 .but when i taught richards class, some of the studentswas explaining how to do something. at first i just got angry with them,

9、25 with their friends while i26 richardtaught me to think why they were doing this. he said that if he was27 a lesson and thestudents were not listening, then he was angry withor interesting for them. i told him that i didnt28for not making the lesson clear29 his idea. he then asked me if i hadever

10、30the same thing. that made me stop. of course i had!if any of my past teachers are31 this, i want to say sorry if i sometimes playedaround in the class 32you were teaching. i didnt think how that would make you feel. i33 in the future. please help us when we dont, dont be quick to be angry when we

11、fail. 35 of us areperfect but with your help we can be mise i will do my best to be a goodunderstand and most3421. a. plan22. a. where23. a. agreed24. a. dangerous b. wise25. a. performed b. worked26. a. orb. decisionb. whyb. failedc. choicec. whetherc. obeyedc. interestingc. chattedc.

12、 ford. mindd. whend. admittedd. hardd. travelledd. andb. but27. a taking28. a. itself29. a exchange30. a. acceptedb teachingb. meb. likec. learningc. themc. knowd. preparingd. himselfd. received. thoughtb. saidc. done 31. a reading32. a. when33. a worker34. a seriously35. a. noneb. meaningb. untilb.

13、 studentb. probablyb. anyc. writingc. afterc. businessman d. engineerc. surprisinglyc. mostd. sayingd. sinced. importantlyd. all四、閱讀理解：共 15 小題；每題 3 分，共 45 分。閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從每小題的四個選擇項(xiàng)中選出最佳的一項(xiàng)。awhen i was at school, our teacher told the classyou are what you eat. my friends and iwouldlaugh and call eac

14、h other “ hamburger 漢堡)and “”(biscuits ” . our teacher was trying toshow us the importance of eating the right food to stay healthy.this was 30 years ago when there were big movements to make british people healthier.we started to eat boiled potatoes instead of french fries and drink fat-free milk i

15、nstead of wholemilk. at first i felt my potatoes had no taste at all. but after a while i started to prefer healthier foodbecause i felt stronger and i didnt get sick so often.so we agree that you become what you eat. do you know what your friends eat just bylooking at them? when you know the effect

16、s of different types of food, you can use yourknowledge well and eat what you want to become.food has been so important to our health. everyone has their own advice to give, whichthey have read about or have been told by older people. however, some of these pieces of ad-vice seem to disagree with ea

17、ch other. for example, some say eating chocolate makes you fat,while others say chocolate contains the important minerals() like iron and magnesi-礦物質(zhì)um( 鎂). in fact,what we need to find out is what type of chocolate to eat and how much of it toeat.36. what did the teacher mean byyou are what you eat

18、 in paragraph 1?a its fun to be called hamburger or biscuitsb. your life looks like what you eatc. its important to eat what you like.d. your health depends on what you eat37. which of the following does the author probably like now?a boiled potatoesc. french friesb fried chickend. whole milk38. wha

19、t is the authors opinion on advice?a refuse it if you don t like itb. pass it to your friends.c. accept it if you have read about itd consider it when making your decisionbnancy wanted to make good use of her spare time. so she decided to work for the under-dog. for the past several years, she has b

20、een putting her experience and energy to help adis-advantaged ( 條件差的 ) high school student.nancy knew that her knowledge would be best shared in a one-to-one situation. shefound her perfect match in operation jump start(ojs). ojs was founded in 1994 in long beach, california, with the goal of helpin

21、g students reachfor higher education. it pairs students with experienced volunteers( 志愿者 ), and providesthem with workshops on writing, leadership development, and guided tours of vanous colleges.since its start, ojshas helped 80 students graduate from high school, with 95 percentmoving on to higher

22、 education.nancy and the girl, yanira, spent most of their time on school work. together the twooften went to museums, zoos, the movies, and concerts; they even sang in the school holidayshow together!“ knowi i m not like anyone else in yanira s life, nancy says, “s ltbeen great to get toknow her an

23、d to watch her change, grow, and learn . ”much to nancys excitement, yanira plans to attend john jay college in new york city,where nancys father taught for his whole life. these days i share her dream, and if she getsaccepted i hope to travel to new york with her and show her around. nancy says.39.

24、the wordunderdog in paragraph 1 probably refers toa smart high school studentsb. dogs that are not liked by their ownersc. students who need help to succeedd. poor company workers40. what is operation jump start (ojs) in the text?a. its a company providing jobs for people like nancy.b. its a program

25、 training volunteers.c. its a school teaching leadership skills,d. its an organization helping high school students.41. who is yanira in the story?a. a volunteer ojs supported.b. a student nancy helped.c. a teacher from john jay college. d a relative of nancys.42.according to the text, nancy feels g

26、reat to see yaniraa. make progressc. go to collegeb travel to new yorkd. sing in the holiday showca world like no other-perhaps this is the best way to describe the world of the rainforest. norainforest is the same-yet most rainforests can be found in the small land area 22. 5 degreesnorth and 22. 5

27、 degrees south of the equator(). you can find rainforests in south america赤道and indonesia. other rainforests exist further from the equator, in thailand and sri lanka.rainforests have a great role to play in supporting the world. they are home to a rich vari-ety of plants, birds and animals. can you

28、 believe that 480 varieties of trees may be found in justone hectare ( 公頃 ) of rainforest? these forests have around 50% of all the plants, birds andanimals on earth.rainforests have their own perfect way for living. the tall trees make a huge umbrella ofbranches and leaves which protect themselves,

29、 smaller plants, and the forest animals from heavyrain,dry heat from the sun and strong winds. rainforest trees grow in such a way that their leavesand branches, although close together, never actually touch those of another tree. scientists thinkthis is a way to prevent the spread of any tree disea

30、ses and make life more dif-ficult for leaf-eating insects (). to live in the forest, animals must climb, jump, or ly across昆蟲the branches and trees.the ground floor of the forest is not all leaaves and bushes, like in films,but is actually fairly clear. it is where leaves become food for the trees a

31、nd other forest life. rainforests around the world are disappearing at a high speed. a few thousand years ago,rainforests covered as much as 12% of the land surface on earth, but today this has fallen toless than 5.3%. we hope that the world governments work together with scientists to use theirpowe

32、r and knowledge to keep the rainforests for our existence.43. according to the text, we can find rainforests in.a. britainc. canadab. thailandd. u.s.a44. why are rainforests important to the world?a leaves and branches of a tree never actually touch those of the other trees.b. tree diseases make lif

33、e more difficult for leaf-eating insects.c. tall trees protect themselves from forest animals with their branches.d. the ground floor is all covered by leaves and branches.46.how much of the land surface on earth is covered by rainforests?a. more than 50%.c. less than 5.3%.b. nearly 12%.d. around 22

34、. 5%.dwould you marry the same person again?it ssaid that human beings have restless(不安分的 )hearts,but this month s global survey( 調(diào)查 ) suggestsotherwise. on average, 68 percent of the respondents( 調(diào)so happytogether china8376%查對象 )in15 countries would again say “ido ”to theirhusbands or wives. in the

35、 united states,brazil, and greatbritain, respondents over 45 are more likely than young-erpeople to feel satisfied with their choices. but in can-ada,france, india alaysla, the philippines, and spain, itsphilippines%germany737372misgivingsthemismatched%inphilip-malaysia is highestnetherlandspines,wh

36、ere couples marry with men (48%) who wouldyounger than in most na- give up their mar-riage iftions, only 20% of those given the chance. in italy,over age 45 say they d stay however,42% of wiveswith the same husband or would say goodbye to their%australia%wife.husbandsc.68%.d.20%.48.in which country

37、are respondents over 45 more likely to feel happily matched thanyounger people? a. the u. sc. india.b. france.d. canada.49.in which country do people get married younger than in most other countries?a. the philippines.c. italy.b. germany.d. china60.which country has the lowest percentage of happy co

38、uples?a. australia.c. spain.b. malaysia.d. the neth.第 卷(非選擇題，共 45 分)五、補(bǔ)全對話：共 5 句；每句滿分為 3 分，共 15 分。根據(jù)中文提示，把對話中缺少的內(nèi)容寫在線上。這些句子必須符合英語表達(dá)習(xí)慣。打句號的地方，用陳述句；打問號的地方，用疑問句。提示： b 到商店買 l 號的黃襯衫，得知該顏色襯衫已售完，想看看藍(lán)的。售貨員說藍(lán)色今年很流行，他試穿后決定買下。( bill =b; shopping assistant =a)a: can i help you, sir?b: yes. im looking for a yell

39、ow shirt.a:51?b: size l.a: sorry. the yellow ones of your size52.b: it sa pity. do you have that size in blue then?a: yes. blue isb: wella: sure. look! it fits you well.b. yes, it does.a: 150 yuan.53this year.?54?55b:ok.i li take. it六、書面表達(dá)：滿分 30 分。假設(shè)你是李華，你的筆友 tom 想知道中國學(xué)生怎樣過暑假。你寫信告知你的暑期計劃并詢問他的安排。你的計劃

40、是 :1.與父母外出旅行 ;2.看車展 ;3.讀一本英文小說 ( novel) 。注意：詞數(shù)應(yīng)為 100 左右june 1 stdear tom， looking forward to your reply.yours，li hua 參考答案及解析一、語音知識1.【答案】 c3.【答案】 d5.【答案】 d二、詞匯與語法知識6.【答案】 d【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】本題考查日常交際用語。句意：那位先生的名字是大衛(wèi)嗎 ?不，我覺得不是， 但沒關(guān)系，請繼續(xù)吧。 many thanks 非常感謝； id like to 我想，我愿意；not at all 一點(diǎn)也不； never mind 關(guān)系，不用擔(dān)心。根據(jù)語境

41、，本題選 d。7.【答案】 b【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】本題考查固定搭配。句意：我們經(jīng)理現(xiàn)在不在。您需要我傳話嗎為固定搭配，意為 “傳話，捎口信 ”。故本題選 b。8.【答案】 d? take a message【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】本題考查介詞辨析。句意：喬治這時應(yīng)該已經(jīng)到了。during 在期間； on 在上，不與 this time 連用；in 在里，亦不與 this time 連用；by 與 this time 連用時意為 “此時，這時 ”。根據(jù)句意，本題選 d。9.【答案】 c【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】本題考查時態(tài)與語態(tài)。句意：一旦約翰尼開始畫一幅畫，他不畫完是不會停下來的。 not 。until 。引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時，

42、從句不能用將來時，主句為一般將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。 it 指代 picture ，與 finish 是被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)使用被動語態(tài)。故本題選 c。10.答案】 b【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】本題考查代詞辨析。句意：那個女孩正在馬路對面等著她的姑姑。 other 其他的，另外的； the other 兩者中的另一個； another 表示三者或三者以上中的另一個，其后一般接單數(shù)； one other 另一個，再一個，即在原來的基礎(chǔ)上加一。結(jié)合句意，本題選 b。11.【答案】 a【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】本題考查不定式短語作定語的用法。句意：我似乎從來沒有時間陪伴父母。在英語中，不定式短語可以作后置定語， 用來解釋說明 to

43、 之前的名詞。由此可知，本句中 to spendwith my parents 為修飾 time 的后置定語。故本題選 a。12.答案】 d【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】本題考查連詞辨析。句意： 一這個故事太難理解了。是的，雖然它很短，而且里面沒有很多生詞。 since 從以來，因?yàn)?，引?dǎo)時間狀語從句或原因狀語從句； because 因?yàn)椋龑?dǎo)原因狀語從句； f 如果，常引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句； though 雖然，盡管，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語 從句。根據(jù)句意，本題選 d13.【答案】 a【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】本題考查對一段時間的提問方式。句意： 約翰多久能到公司 ?三個小時后。how soon 多久之后 ( 問解決事情等的速度 )，以

44、 “ in+時間段 ”作答； how long 多久了 ( 問時長 ) ，以“ for+時間段 ”或 “ since+時間點(diǎn) ”作答； how often 多經(jīng)常 ( 問頻率 ) ，常以 “數(shù)詞 + times aweek month/year 。作答； how fast 多快 ( 問速度 ) 。故本題選 a。14.【答案】 a【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】本題考查情態(tài)動詞辯析 ?句意：他們定成功了。 must have done某事 ”，表示對過去事情的肯定推測。根據(jù)句意，本題本題選 a。意為 “一定做過15.【答案】 d【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】本題考查時態(tài)。句意：我在打掃房間的時候偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了這本舊書。 while 引導(dǎo)

45、時間狀語從句時，從句常用進(jìn)行時，表示動作與主句謂語同時發(fā)生。由主句中的句整體時態(tài)為過去時。故本題選 d。came 可知，本16.【答案】 b【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】本題考查形容詞的比較級與最高級。句意：湯姆比喬治高，但約翰是他們?nèi)酥凶罡叩哪莻€。 “ a+be+形容詞比較級 +han+b”表示 a 比 b 更”；“ a+be+the+形容詞最高級 +范圍 ”表親 “a 在中是最 “的 ”。故本題選 b。7.【答案】 b【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】本題考查非謂語動詞。句意：老師要求全班同學(xué)閉眼一分鐘。本句中已有謂語動詞 asked，且空格所在句子非從句， 故應(yīng)填動詞的非謂語形式。 由于 eyes 與 close 是被動關(guān)系

46、，所以應(yīng)該使用動詞的過去分詞形式。故本題選 b。18.【答案】 a【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】本題考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：在過去 “ have/has+過去分詞 ”(現(xiàn)在完成時 ) 表示動作發(fā)生在過去，強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響。此外 spread 為不及物動詞，沒有被動語態(tài)。結(jié)合句意，本題選 a。19.【答案】 d【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】本題考查同位語從句。句意：我認(rèn)為維克對我比他聰明的事實(shí)感到驚訝。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句為內(nèi)含同位語從句的復(fù)合句。 同位語從句常用來修飾一些表示抽象意義的名詞，如 belief ， doub ，fact，hope 等，引導(dǎo)詞常用 that 。故題選 d。20.【答案】 b【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】本題考查并列連詞

47、辨析。句意：一位優(yōu)秀的教師既不能太嚴(yán)厲，也不能太軟弱。either or要么 ，要么 ；neither nor既不 ，也不 ； not only but also 不僅而且 ； bouh 。 and 。兩者都。根據(jù)句意，本題選 b。 三、完形填空21.【答案】 dplandecision計劃；【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】詞義辨析題。但當(dāng)我成為一名兼職老師時，我改變了想法。決定； choice 選擇； mind22.【答案】 cd。想法，意見。故本題選【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】連詞辨析題。 理查德問我能否教他的學(xué)生制作一個關(guān)于他們自己的網(wǎng)站。 where何處 why 為何； whether 是否； when 何時。故本題選2

48、3.【答案】 ac?！緫?yīng)試指導(dǎo)】推理判斷題。因?yàn)殡娔X是我所撞長的， 所以我同意了理查德的請求。 agree 同意；fail 失敗； obey 遵循； admi 承認(rèn)。故本題選 a.24.【答案】 d【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】 推理判斷題。 空格前提到我在電腦方面比較擅長， 由此可知我并不認(rèn)為給學(xué)生上電腦課有好么難。 dangerous 危險的； wise 聰明的； interesting 有趣的； hard 困難的。故本題選 d。25.【答案】 c【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】詞義辨析題。當(dāng)我解說如何做一些事情時，一些學(xué)生在和他們的朋友聊天perform 表演； work 工作； chat 聊天； travel 旅行。故本題

49、選 c。26.【答案】 b?【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】連詞辨析題。起初我只是生他們的氣，但理查拖讓我思考他們?yōu)槭裁催@樣做。 or或者，否則； but 但是； for 因?yàn)椋?and 和。故本題選 b。27.【答案】 b【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】國定用語題。他說如果他在講課的時候， 學(xué)生卻不聽，他就會生氣。 each a lesson為固定用語，意為 “授課 ”。故本題選 b。28.【答案】 d【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】代詞辨析題。他因?yàn)闆]有給學(xué)生講明白或沒把課上得有趣而生自己的氣。itself它自己； me 我； them 他們； himself29.【答案】 dd。他自己。故本題選exchange，交換； like 喜歡； know

50、【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】詞義辨析題。我告訴他我不接受他的說法。知道 ;received。接納。故本題選30.【答案】 caccept 接受； say 說； do【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】詞義辯析題。理查德問我是否也曾做過類似的事。think做；c。想。故本題選31.【答案】 a 【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】詞義辨析題。如果我之前的老師正在讀這篇文章。 read 讀； mean 意思是；write寫； say 說。故本題選a。a32.【答案when【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】連詞辨析題。如果你們講課的時候我在課堂上玩耍，我想說對不起。當(dāng)時； umi 直到 才； after33.【答案】 bsince 自故本題選 a。在之后；worker【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】推理

51、判斷題。我發(fā)誓以后我會盡自己最大努力成為一名好學(xué)生的。工人；studentbusinessmanengineer商人； 工程師。故本題選b。學(xué)生；d34.【答案【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】詞義辨析題。當(dāng)我們不理解 ( 您講失敗時 )，請您給予幫助，但最重要的是，當(dāng)我們失敗時，請不要那么快就生氣。 seriously 嚴(yán)肅地； probably 大概； surprisingly 驚人地；importantly35.【答案】 a【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】詞義辨析題。沒有人是完美的，但在您的幫助下我們會成才的。anyd。重要地。故本題選none沒有人；任何； most 大部分； all 全部。結(jié)合句意，本題選 a。四、閱讀理解3

52、6. 答案】 d【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】 推理判斷題。 根據(jù)第一段第三句可知， 老師提出這種說法的目的在于向同學(xué)們說明健康飲食的重要性。故本題選 d。37.【答案】 a【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。 根據(jù)第二段可知作者的飲食習(xí)慣發(fā)生了改變， 逐漸接受并喜歡上了煮的土豆。 b 項(xiàng)( 炸雞 )、c 項(xiàng) (法式炸薯?xiàng)l ) 和 d 項(xiàng)( 全脂牛奶 ) 均屬于被替換掉的食物。故本題選 a。38.【答案】 d【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，面對他人的建議，人們應(yīng)該有自己的思考與判斷。故本題選 d。39.【答案】 c【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知，為了充分利用課余時間，南希在過去的幾年里一直在幫助一名高中差生。 由此推斷出 unde