賓語(yǔ)從句講解

1、初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法賓語(yǔ)從句講解，專項(xiàng)練習(xí)及答案 注意！賓語(yǔ)從句小口訣： 賓語(yǔ)從句三注意，時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)序引導(dǎo)詞； 主句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句不需受限制； 主句一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句須用相應(yīng)時(shí)； 陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化that引，一般疑問(wèn)句用if/whether, 特殊問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)詞，弓I導(dǎo)詞后陳述式。 一、基本講解 1概念:在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句可作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，也可做介詞的賓 語(yǔ)。eg. He said he was good at drawing.(動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)) He asks him how long Mike has been down .( 動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)) Miss Zhang is angry at what

2、 you said.(介詞賓語(yǔ)) 2. 連接詞 (1).陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用that, 口語(yǔ)中常常省略。 e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us. 以whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，主要用來(lái)引導(dǎo)一般疑問(wèn)句意思或選擇疑問(wèn)句意思的 賓語(yǔ)從句，從句同樣是陳述語(yǔ)序 eg, I won der if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei . 注意：一般情況下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情況例外。 a.當(dāng)從句做介詞的賓于是只用whether不用if eg, We are ta

3、lking about whether well go on the pinic. b.引導(dǎo)詞與動(dòng)詞不定式或not連用時(shí)，只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not? c. if當(dāng)如果講時(shí)，引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，這時(shí)不能用whether. (3).特殊疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用特殊疑問(wèn)詞；引導(dǎo)詞后要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。 Eg. Could you tell me whats the matterwro ng with you? 特殊情況：當(dāng)do you thin

4、k后接特殊疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，句式結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)為引導(dǎo)詞 + do you thi nk +陳述句語(yǔ)序。 3. 賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài) a. 當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般將來(lái)時(shí)或祈使句時(shí)，從句不受主句的限制，根據(jù)自身的需要選 用相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。例如： Do you know (if/whether he has seen the film ) ? b. 當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句要用過(guò)去時(shí)的相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)。例如： I did nt know (if/whether he had see n the film.) 注意：當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而從句表示的是客觀真理，自然現(xiàn)象，科學(xué)原理，格言等，從 句仍然要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：

5、He said (that the earth moves round the sun.) The teacher told us (that light travels much faster than sound.) 4. 、人稱的變化和標(biāo)點(diǎn)的使用 a.從句的主語(yǔ)如果是第一人稱，變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句則與主句的主語(yǔ)一致；如果是第二人稱，則與 主句的賓語(yǔ)一致；如果是第三人稱，不用變化。如： “ May I use your knife? ” He asked me. t He asked me if he might use my knife. “ Do you know her telephone

6、number? ” He asked me. t He asked me if I know her teleph one nu mber. b.賓語(yǔ)從句的標(biāo)點(diǎn)均由主句決定。主句是陳述句，用句號(hào)；主句是疑問(wèn)句，用問(wèn)號(hào)。如： Who will give us a talk? I don t know. t i don t know who will give us a talk. Do you know ? Where does he live? t Do you know where he?ive 二、賓語(yǔ)從句的轉(zhuǎn)化 1. 當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 hope, wish , decide, forge

7、t, plan, agree等，且主句主語(yǔ)與從句主語(yǔ) 相同時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如： She agreed that she could help me with my maths. t She agreed to help me with my maths. 2. 當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面帶特殊疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化的賓語(yǔ) 時(shí)，主從句的主語(yǔ)也須一致這時(shí)從句可以簡(jiǎn)化成疑問(wèn)詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”。例如： I dont know which sweater I should buy. t i dont know which sweate

8、r to buy. 3. 當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是ask,tell, show, teach等后面帶雙賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的主語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)一致， 且從句是由特殊疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化來(lái)時(shí)，從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化成疑問(wèn)詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”，或者在連接代詞/ 副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)或間接賓語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句可簡(jiǎn)化為連 接代詞 /副詞 + 不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：tCould you tell me how to get to the park? 4. 當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是find , see, watch, hear等感官動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句常簡(jiǎn)化為賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)結(jié) 構(gòu)，賓補(bǔ)為不帶to的不定式或V-ing形式。如： She found th

9、at the wallet lay/was lying on the gro und. t She found the wallet lie/ly ing on the ground. 賓語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)習(xí)題 1. Have you decidedfor Australia? A. when will you leaveB. when do you leave C. you will leave whenD. when you will leave 2. Can you tell me? A. where does Tom live B. where Tom lived C. Tom lives w

10、here D. where Tom lives 3. The old man asked me. A. where was the cinemaB. where is the cinema C. where the cinema wasD. where was the way to the cinema 4.1 thinkyou will like him. A. that B. if C. whyD. how 5.1 didn t know e will come or not. A. that B. whether C. weather D. how 6wonder. A. how muc

11、h cost these shoesB. how much do these shoes cost C. how much these shoes costD. how much are these shoes cost 7.She asked me. A. who he was B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is 8.Ask him. A. whose cup this is B. whose cup is this C. this is whose cup D. whose is this cup 9don t know. A. what tim

12、e the movie starts B. what time starts the movie C. the time to start the movie D. the movie what time starts 10. The doctor asked me how long A. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill 11. The weather forecast doesn A. if it rains tomorrow C. if it will rain tomorrow 12. D

13、o you know? A. whose pen is this C. whom does the pen belong to 13. Could you tell me where t say. B. if does it rain tomorrow D. if will it rain tomorrow B. whose pen this is D. whom the pen belong to ? D. is the tape A. the tape was B. was the tape C. the tape is 14. They want to know? A. where is

14、 the hospital B. how old are you C. when the train will leave D. why is the boy crying 15. Tony wanted to know. A. what had Father Christmas put in his stocking B. when Father Christmas had put in his stocking C. what Father Christmas had put in his stocking D. where Father Christmas had put in his

15、stocking 16. No one knowsthe professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not. A. whenB. whether C. whereD. if 17. July didn t know A. where is Tim s father B. when was the first watch made C. who the old man isD. what was wrong with her watch 18. No one told us, so we need your h

16、elp. A. how should we do B. what we should do C. what to do D. what should we do 19. We don t knowwith the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea. A. how do itB. how to doC. what do it D. what to do 20. He asked me. A. whether I find out the sender of the money B. whether did I find out the sender

17、 of the money C. whether the sender of the money found out D. whether I found out the sender of the money 21. Did you hear? A. what did I say B. what I said C. I said what D. what I say 22. Can you tell me? A. which class you are inB. which class are you in C. you are in which classD. are you in whi

18、ch class 23. -Excuse me. Could you tell me? - Certainly. A. when can I get to the stationB. I can get to which station C. which station can I get toD. how I can get to the station 24. Could you tell me whereyesterday? A. did you goB. you goC. you have gone D. you went 25. Tom asked me. A. whose shir

19、t was this B. whose shirt this was C. who shirt was this D. who shirt this was 26. Excuse me, could you tell me? A. where s the teachers office B. where s the bus station C. what s she doingD. where the post office is 27. I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I don t know. A. she lives where B. she where li

20、ves C. where she lives D. where does she live 28. - Go and ask Mr. White for help. - But I don t know. A. where does he liveB. where he lives C. where is he livingD. he lives there 29. - Can you tell me? - Yes, he lives in a small town. A. where he lives B. who is singing C. when he will leave D. wh

21、at he said 30. Have you decidedfor London? A. when will you leaveB. when you will leave C. when are you goingD. when you are going 31. Excuse me. Could you tell meour tickets? A. where do we show B. where shall we show C. where did we show D. where we shall show 32. - What are you interested in abou

22、t cooking food? - We are all interested in. A. how egg is friedB. how is egg fried C. How egg fries D. how does egg fry 33. Do you know? A. what it is B. what is it C. who is he D. whose name is it 34. Do you know? A. whose book is this B. whose book this is C. this book is whose D. who s book this

23、is 35. I don t knownow. A. where is my cat B. my cat is where C. where my cat is D. where my cat 36. Does he know? A. what s your names. what name is your C. what your is name D. what your nam e is 37. Do you know? A. which floor he livesB. which floor he lives on C. he lives on which floorD. which

24、floor does he lives on 38. Tell me where? A. is the hospital B. the hospital is C. is hospital D. hospital is 39. He hasn t decided. A. if he ll go on a trip to WiuB. when will he go on a trip to Wu xi C. if he goes on a trip to Wu xiD. when does he go on a trip to Wu xi 40. Can you see? A. what he

25、s readingB. what is he reading C. what does he read D. he reads what 能力提咼練習(xí) 1.1 dont knowhe will come tomorrow.he comes, Ill tell you . A. if; Whether B. whether; WhetherC. if; That D. if; If 2. I dont knowthe day after tomorrow. A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether hel

26、l come 3. Could you tell methe nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. whether D. where 4. Could you tell methe radio without any help? A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended 5. I want to know B. whom she is looking D. whom she is looking after C. he livedD. did he

27、live A. whom is she looking after C. whom is she looking 6. Do you know wherenow? A. he lives B. does he live 7. Do you know what time? A. the train leave B. does the train leave C. will the train leave D. the train leaves 8. I dont know. Can you tell me, please? A. how the two players are oldB. how

28、 old are the two players C. the two players are how oldD. how old the two players are 9. The small children dont know. A. what is their stockings inB. what is in their stockings C. where is their stockings inD. what in their stockings 10. I cant understand. A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christ

29、mas does mean C. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means 11. I don t knowhe will be back homewho B. what C. when D. where 12. Could you tell me? A. where do you liveB. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in 13. Do you still remember? A. that he said B. what

30、 he said C. did he say that D. what did he say 14. I can t understandthe boy alone. A. why she left B. why did she leave C. why she had left D. why had she left 15. She told me the sunin the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen 16. They tried to find outthe new train. A. how far/ had gone B.

31、how long/ has gone C. how far/ went D. how far / had run 17. The manager came up to see. s the matter A. what was the matter B. what the matter was C. what the matter is D. what 18. Can you tell me? A. what are you doing B. where do you study C. what you were doing D. what to do it 19. He asked his

32、father. A. where it happens B. where did it happen C. how it happened D. how did it happen 20. No one tells us, so we need your help. A. how we should do B. what should we do C. how to do it D. what to do it 21. Could you please teach methe computer. A. how check B. to check C. how to check D. to ho

33、w checking 22. he ll come or not isn tAmWhyant.B. If C. Whether D. What 23. Would you like to knowthey will do it or not.A. if B. that C. whether D. why 24. Where do you thinkhethe TV set? , Soiriy ve no idea. A./; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. did bought 25. Our homework has changed a lot. W

34、ho can tellit would be like infive years. A. how; another B. what; more C. how ; other D. what; another 26. Could you tell me? Yes. Heto the USA. A. where is he/ has beenB. where he is/ has gone C. where was he/ has beenD. where he was/ has gone 27. Mike wants to know ifa picnic tomorrow. Yes. But i

35、f it, we ll visit the museum instead. A. you have; will rain C. you will have; rains B. you will have; will rain D. will you have; rains I ll meet him. 28. I don t know if hetomorrow. If he A. will come; comes B. comes; comes C. will come; will come D. comes; will come 29. I really don t know if she

36、it when she. A. finds; arrives B. finds ;will arrive C. will find; will arrive D. will find; arrives 30. Can you make sure . the gold ring? A. where Alice has put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice had put D. where has Alice put 31. - When are the Shutes leaving for New Y ork? -Pardon? - I asked.

37、 A. when are the Shutes leaving for New York B. when the Shutes are leaving for New York C. when were the Shutes leaving for New York D. when the Shutes were leaving for New York 32. Could you tell me? I have something interesting to tell him. A. where is Li Hong B. where Li Hong is C. where was Li

38、Hong D. where Li Hong has been to 33. - Could you tell me? A. how many people have been out of hospital B. when is Thanksgiving C. which animal does he like bestD. what time will the dolphin show start 34. I want to know. A. what is his name B. what s his name C. that his name is D. what his name is

39、 35. He asked me. A. if she will comeB. how many books I want to have C. they would help us do it D. what was wrong with me 36. Do you still rememberat the meeting? A. that Jim said B. what Jim said C. did Jim said thatD. what did Jim said 37. - Excuse me,to the nearest bookshop, please? -Go straigh

40、t and take the second turning on the left. A. where the way is B. which the way is C. where is the way D. which is the way 38. -Can I help you? - Y es. I want a ticket to Suqian. Tell metake to get there. A. how soon will it B. how soon it will C. how long it will D. how long will it 39. - I hear we

41、 ll have a new teacher this term- Really? Do you know? A. what subject does he teachB. what subject will he teach C. what subject he teachesD. what subject is he going to teach 40. He asked his teacher. A. if there was a monster in Loch NessB. when was Albert Einstein born C. how would the scientist

42、s find out the result D. where could he find the library 41. Do you knowover there? A. what happens B. what was happened C. what is happening D. what did happen 42. - Do you knowwe will arrive at your hometown? - This afternoon. A. when B. whyC. ifD. where 43. Could you tell meto Mount Putuo tomorro

43、w? A. how you will go B. how will you go C. how you have gone D. how have you gone 44. Could you tell me? A. which room he livesB. which room he lived C. which room did he live inD. which room he lives in 45. - Do you knowhe is? - He says 1.75 meterS)utl , m not sure. A. how many B. how oldC. how fa

44、rD. how tall 46. She said sheme five letters in one month. A. has written B. will writeC. had written D. wrote 47. Can you tell meshe is waiting for? A. why B. whose C. whom D. which 48. I don t knowhe still lives herA. where B. what C. when D. whether 49. - Be careful! Don t break the bottles. Do y

45、ou hearI said, David-?Yes, mum. A. whatB. thatC. whyD. if 50. I d like to know. A. when will he give back the tapeB. whether has he received higher education C. that he has been busyD. whether she will join in our English evening 51. Could you tell me? A. when shall we start B. who are you waiting f

46、or C. where the bus station is D. why were you late 52. - Do you know? I m going to see h-riSorry, I don t know. A. where does Tom live B. where did Tom live C. where Tom lives D. where Tom lived 53. He asked me A. who did kick the first goal in the World Cup C. when China became a member of the WTO

47、 B. when was the APEC meeting held D. where will the 2008 Olympics be held 54. She wanted to knowher mother liked the present. A. whichB. that C. ifD. what 55. Could you tell me? A. who is she C. if he will come tomorrow A. what your teacher said C. your teacher said what 60. Lily likes. A. what her

48、 twin sister like C. what is her twin sister like 61. - Excuse me. Could you tell me -Certainly. Go straight along here. A. how can we B. how we can B. what did your teacher say D. what has your teacher said B. what her twin sister does D. what does her twin sister do get to the plane? C. when can w

49、e D. when we can B. where s the nearest fast restaurant D. which way is to the underground station 56. Do you know ifback next week? If heback, please let me know. A. he comes, will come B. will he come, comes C. he will come, comes D. will he come, will come 57. - Can you tell me why? - Because I w

50、ant to help the people there. A. do you go to Tibet B. did you go to Tibet C. are you going to Tibet D. you are going to Tibet 58. - Where does he come from? - Pardon? - I asked where. A. did he come from B. he came from C. he comes from D. does he come from 59. You must remember. 62. Do you know wh

51、at time? D. the train leaves A. does the train leaveB. leaves the train C. the train leave 63. - I don t knowMr. Green will come to see us? -He will help us with our English. A. whyB. when C. how D. where 點(diǎn)擊中考 1. Some of my friends are interesting in science, but none of them can tell A. when UFOs w

52、ill appear next timeB. why do horses know the way C. where was this kind of plant foundD. how do elephants communicate 2. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China? -Sorry. I don t know. A. when did he go abroadB. why he is going abroad C. how soon will he be backD. how long he will stay abroad 3. - May I come in ? I sorry I am late. -Come in, please. But could you please tell me .? A. why you are late againB. w