熄焦車控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計

1、摘要熄焦車是煤焦化生產(chǎn)中的重要設(shè)備，將焦爐生產(chǎn)的赤熱焦炭運送到熄焦塔熄焦，然后再把焦炭卸至涼焦臺上。本設(shè)計要求的熄焦車的工藝要求有低速和高速兩級速度，在接焦時要求電機車低速走行，接焦之后電機車高速運行，將焦碳送到熄焦塔，然后低速卸焦高速返回進行下一個周期。根據(jù)走行距離的遠近，選擇合適的速度運行，在到達目的地之前減速至對位速度(5或10m/min)確保對位精度。在本系統(tǒng)中，主要的控制對象是電機，系統(tǒng)對于電機的控制是通過變頻器來實現(xiàn)。通過可編程控制器和變頻器跟電機共同構(gòu)成變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)，邊陪你調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計主要是結(jié)合系統(tǒng)的靜動態(tài)指標，本設(shè)計采用的交流電機拖動，其數(shù)學(xué)模型是一個高階、非線性、強耦合的多

2、變量系統(tǒng)。為使得控制精度達到工藝要求，本設(shè)計的交流變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)主要采用了目前控制交流變頻方面較為先進的矢量控制技術(shù)。矢量控制是通過坐標變換來實現(xiàn)的，其原理是將三相交流電通過坐標變換變成兩相電，使得三相交流電機具有像直流電機一樣的工作性質(zhì)。本設(shè)計的控制系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成：根據(jù)馬鋼煤焦化公司熄焦車系統(tǒng)的改造要求，以使系統(tǒng)能適應(yīng)現(xiàn)場的惡劣工作環(huán)境穩(wěn)定運行且便于操作和維護，使系統(tǒng)的控制方式簡單合理且具有較高自動控制水平為目的，提出采用Profibus-DP過程現(xiàn)場總線技術(shù)構(gòu)成分布式控制系統(tǒng)，以西門子公司S7-300型PLC作為主控單元、西門子6SE70系列全數(shù)字矢量型變頻調(diào)速裝置控制三相異步電動機作為系統(tǒng)的主傳

3、動裝置來構(gòu)成熄焦車控制系統(tǒng)，完成干式熄焦車系統(tǒng)的各項控制任務(wù)。西門子公司的S7-300型PLC模塊化微型PLC 系統(tǒng)，滿足中、小規(guī)模的性能要求；各種性能的模塊可以非常好地滿足和適應(yīng)自動化控制任務(wù)；簡單實用的分布式結(jié)構(gòu)和多界面網(wǎng)絡(luò)能力，使得應(yīng)用十分靈活，能滿足本系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計要求。本設(shè)計采用的PROFIBUSDP總線技術(shù)實現(xiàn)分布式控制，有效地簡化了現(xiàn)場布線的復(fù)雜性，不僅節(jié)省大量電纜及敷設(shè)費用，而且調(diào)試維護簡單方便，大大提高了。關(guān)鍵字 變頻調(diào)速，PLC，現(xiàn)場總線，矢量控制Abstractcoke quenching car is an important coal production equipme

4、nt, production of red hot coke oven coke, coke quenching tower delivered to the coke quenching, and then unloaded to cool coke coke on stage. The design requirements of car coke quenching process requires two levels low and high speeds, when the requirements in the next focal low-speed motor vehicle

5、 courses, then focus after high speed motor vehicles, the coke to the quenching tower, and then high-speed low-speed unloading coke Returns the next cycle. Traveling distances based on, select the appropriate speeds, to slow down before reaching the destination of the bit rate (5 or 10m/min) to ensu

6、re alignment accuracy.In this system, the main control object is a motor system for motor control is achieved through the inverter. Programmable controller and drive with the motor constitute the frequency control system, side control system designed to accompany your main system is a combination of

7、 static and dynamic targets, the design uses the AC motor drag, the mathematical model is a high , nonlinear and strongly coupled multi-variable system. Makes the control accuracy for the process requirements, the design of the AC frequency control system is mainly controlled by the current terms of

8、 the more advanced AC variable frequency vector control technology. Vector control is achieved by coordinate transformation, the principle is the transformation of coordinates into a three-phase alternating current through the two-phase power, making the three-phase AC motors have the same work as t

9、he nature of DC motors.The design of the control system structure: According to the Maanshan Iron and Steel Company coal coking coke quenching car system transformation required to enable the system to adapt to the scene of the poor working environment and stable operation and easy to operate and ma

10、intain, the system control is simple and has a reasonably high the level of automatic control for the purpose of the process proposed by Profibus-DP fieldbus technology constitutes a distributed control system to Siemens S7-300 type PLC as main control unit, Siemens 6SE70 series of digital vector-ba

11、sed frequency control device control three-phase asynchronous motor as the systems main drive to form the coke quenching car control system, complete the dry coke quenching car system of the control tasks. Siemens PLC S7-300 type of micro-modular PLC system to meet the medium and small-scale perform

12、ance requirements; various properties of the module can be very good to meet and adapt to automation and control tasks; simple and practical distributed architecture and multi-interface network capacity , makes the application very flexible and can meet the design requirements of the system. This de

13、sign uses the PROFIBUS-DP bus, distributed control technology to effectively simplify the complexity of field wiring, not only save a lot of cable and the laying of charges, and debugging easy to maintain, greatly increased.Keywords frequency control, PLC and fieldbus, vector control目 錄1.前言12.控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計22.1系統(tǒng)的總體方案設(shè)計22.2調(diào)速方案的設(shè)計22.3熄焦車自動定位系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計32.3.1 Profibus-DP現(xiàn)場總線技術(shù)簡介32.3.2 基于Profibus-DP總線技術(shù)的系統(tǒng)組成方案設(shè)計43.交流傳動系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計63.1交流傳動系統(tǒng)概述63.2電機傳動系統(tǒng)設(shè)計63.2.1矢量控制原理63.2.2異步電動機的矢量控制83.3電壓空間矢量PWM控制103.3.1電壓空間矢量的意義103.3.2 SVPWM的控制基本原理11