【精品】初中英語動詞時態(tài)詳解_配套習(xí)題(精)

1、.動詞的時態(tài) 動詞的時態(tài)有很多。初中階段主要掌握八種：一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、現(xiàn)在進行時、過去進行時、一般將來時、過去將來時、現(xiàn)在完成時、過去完成時。1一般現(xiàn)在時1）一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的構(gòu)成：主語是i, we, you, they和名詞復(fù)數(shù)時作謂語的行為動詞用原形。主語是he, she , it和名詞單數(shù)時，作謂語的行為動詞的詞尾變化如下：一般情況 s 以s, x, ch, sh或o結(jié)尾 es 以輔音y結(jié)尾 去y變ies 2）一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式（以be和like為例）：主 語 肯 定 式 否 定 式 疑 問 式 第一、二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)以及名詞復(fù)數(shù) i am a studen

2、t.we/you/ they are students.he/ she is a student.i / we/ you/ they/ like music.many people like music. i am not a student.we/you/ they are not students.he/ she is not a student.i / we/ you/ they/ dont like music.many people dont like music. are you a student.are you/ they students?is he/ she a stude

3、nt?do you/ they like music?do many people like music? 3）一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的用法： 現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常性，習(xí)慣性的動作 。例如： i get up at six every morning. he plays tennis once a week. 現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài) 例如：my mother is a teacher. she teaches english in a school. 客觀真理 例如：the earth goes around the sun.4）常用于一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的時間狀語： often usually sometimes always e

4、very day never in the morning 等。例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！- may i help you, sir? - yes, i bought the tv the day before yesterday, but it _. a. didnt work b. doesnt work c. wont work d. cant work解析：電視雖然是前天買的， 但壞了是現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)， 應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。選b.2_ the bus until it _. a. get off, stops b. get off, will stop c. dont get off

5、, stops d. dont get off, will stop解析：這是一個以until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，主句是祈使句，因此從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將要發(fā)生的動作。根據(jù)句意此題應(yīng)用not until（直到才）句型。應(yīng)選c。3the 70-year-old man _ exercises in the morning. a. takes b. are taking c. took d. will take解析：“這個70歲的老人早晨鍛煉?！边@里鍛煉是一個經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作。因此，應(yīng)選a.2. 現(xiàn)在進行時 1）現(xiàn)在進行時的構(gòu)成：am/is/ are+ v-ing是現(xiàn)在進行時的構(gòu)成形式 v-

6、ing現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成：一般情況 +ing 以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的單詞。去e,加ing +ing 以輔音字母y結(jié)尾的單詞 去e+ing 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞，末尾只有一個輔音字母時. 雙寫詞尾字母+ing 2) 現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定肯定句、否定句、疑問句形式：主 語 肯 定 式 否 定 式 疑 問 式 第一、二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)以及名詞復(fù)數(shù) i am driving.he/she/it is working.we/you/they are doing something. i am not driving.he/she/it is not working.we/you/they are not do

7、ing anything. are you driving?is he/she/it working?are you/they doing something? 3）現(xiàn)在進行時的用法： 1. 說話時正在進行或發(fā)生的動作（動作是在說話時正在進行）。例如： she is having a bath now. 2. 現(xiàn)階段正在進行或發(fā)生的動作（但是動作并不是必須在說話時正在進行）。例如： you are working hard today. kate wants to work in italy, so she is learning italian. the population of the

8、world is growing very fast. 頻度副詞always, forever等詞連用時， 表示某種強烈的感情。如： he is always trying out new ideas. (表示欣賞，表揚) 表示按計劃即將發(fā)生的動作（僅限于go, come, arrive, leave, start, fly, begin, stay 等動詞）。如： the party is beginning at 8:00 oclock.6) 常用于現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)的時間狀語： now 等。 例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！ 1i dont think that its true. shes

9、always _ lies. a. tell b. tells c. telling d. told解析：always在這里應(yīng)現(xiàn)在進行時連用， 帶有感情色彩， 表示討厭。選c.how _ you _ with the new job? a. do, do b. do, get along c. are, doing d. are, getting on解析：表示現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生的動作，用現(xiàn)在進行時。選d.3- are these socks yours? - no. mine _ outside on the clothes line. a. are hanging b. have hung c

10、. hang d. hung解析：hang意為懸掛， hung意為上吊、絞死，先排除答案b、d。根據(jù)前后句意可判斷出現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進行時。應(yīng)選 a.3一般將來時1）一般將來時的構(gòu)成： 1. 助動詞will(shall)+動詞原形 2. am / is / are +going to +動詞原形 2）一般將來時的用法： 1將要發(fā)生的動作。例如： i will leave for beijing tomorrow. 2將要存在的狀態(tài)。例如： this time next year i will be in japan. where will you be? 3打算要做的事。 例如： are

11、you going to watch the film on television tonight? 3) 常用于一般將來時的時間狀語： tomorrow next week in 2008 等。 例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！1. i_ for hong kong on saturday. will you go to see me off at the airport？ a. am leaving b. am left c. am going to leaving d. left解析：趨向動詞leave 可用現(xiàn)在進行時表將來。選a。2.i_ to see grandma and help

12、 her with some housework every week. a. came b. am going come c. come d. will come解析：此題雖然有every week, 但句意中表達的事將要去做的經(jīng)常性動作。應(yīng)該用一般將來時。因此選d。we chinese _ the olympic games in 2008. a. held b. shall holding c. are holding d. are going to hold解析：本題的時間狀語是將來的時間， 所以選用一般將來時，a、d都刪去。shall后面應(yīng)跟動詞原型，故應(yīng)選d.4一般過去時 1）一般

13、過去時的構(gòu)成： 用動詞的過去式。作謂語的行為動詞的詞尾變化如下：一般情況 +ed 以e字母結(jié)尾的輔音 +d 以輔音字母y結(jié)尾 去y變ied 重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞，末尾只有一個輔音字母 雙寫詞尾字母+ed 2）一般過去時態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式（以be和like為例）：主 語 肯 定 式 否 定 式 疑 問 式 第一、二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)以及名詞復(fù)數(shù) i was a student.we/you/ they were students.he/ she was a student.i / we/ you/ they/ liked music.many people liked music.

14、i was not a student.we/you/ they were not students.he/ she was not a student.i / we/ you/ they/ didnt like music.many people didnt like music. were you a student.were you/ they students?was he/ she a student?did you/ they like music?did many people like music? 3）一般過去時的用法：過去發(fā)生的動作。例如： the police stopp

15、ed me on my way home last night.過去存在的狀態(tài)。例如：they werent able to come because they were so busy.3. 常用于一般過去時的時間狀語： yesterday，three months ago，last year，in 1979，often，always等。例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！r. mott is out. but he _ here a few minutes ago. a. was b. is c. will be d. would be解析：時分鐘前發(fā)生的動作， 應(yīng)該用一般過去時。 應(yīng)選 a，

16、2-hi, tom. -hello, fancy. i _ you were here. a.dont know b.wont think c. think d. didnt know解析：雖然句中沒有明確的時間狀語， 但是可以通過上下文語境判斷出， 這句話指的是我這段時間并不知道， 你前一陣子在這兒。 所以應(yīng)選a。3he promised to tell me by himself when i _. a. come b. would come c. come d. had come解析：在時間狀語從句中，用一般過去時表示過去將來。應(yīng)選c。5現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成：have / has

17、+ v-ing2）現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式（以be和see為例）：主 語 肯 定 式 否 定 式 疑 問 式 第一、二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)以及名詞復(fù)數(shù) i /we/you/ they have been here before.he/ she has been here before.i / we/ you/ they/ many people have seen the film. i /we/you/ they havent been here before.he/ she hasnt been here before .i / we/ you/ they/ many peo

18、ple havent seen the film. have you/ they been here before?has he/ she been here before?have you/ they/ many people seen the film? 在完成時的用法：1、表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果.常與already, just, ever, never, before等詞連用. 如: she has never read this novel.他從未讀過這本小說.(他對小說的內(nèi)容不了解)2、表示 “過去的動作”一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并有可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去. 常與for (后跟段時

19、間)或since (后跟點時間)等連用.如: i have been a member of the party for 10 years. i have been a member of the party since 10 years ago.注：在有for 和since 引導(dǎo)時間狀語的句子中不能用短暫性動詞，應(yīng)用與之相應(yīng)的表示狀態(tài)的詞。如： he has died for 3 years.(f) he has been dead for 3 years.(t)注意：現(xiàn)在完成時不能和表示明確的過去時間連用。如：in 1998, last morning等 have/has been to

20、表示“去過”（去了又回來了） have/has gone to 表示“去過”（去了沒回來了） 如：where has she gone?(句中所指的人不在) where has she been?(句中作指的人在)例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！ -how long _ he _ a fever? - ever since last night. a. have, got b. have , had c. have, caught d. did, have 解析：此句表示從昨晚起持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，去掉答案d。因為是段時間， 所以不能用短暫行動詞，get和catch 都是短暫行動

21、詞。 因此選b. my bowl is empty. who _ all my soup? a. drinks b. had drunk c. has drunk d. drank解析：碗是空的了，這里強調(diào)的是所發(fā)生的動作造成的結(jié)果。 “誰把我的湯都喝了。應(yīng)選c.3. i _ you for a long time. where _ you _? a. didnt seen; did, go b. didnt see; have, gone c. havent seen; have, been d. havent seen; have gone解析：for+段時間一般預(yù)先在完成時連用。“你去哪

22、兒了？ ”（在這段時間你不在）應(yīng)選c。6、過去進行時1）過去進行時的構(gòu)成： was / were +v-ing2) 過去進行時的用法： 過去某一階段或某一時刻正在進行的動作。 例如： this time last year i was living in brazil. what were you doing at 10 oclock last night?3)常用于過去進行時的時間狀語： at four yesterday afternoon，then，at that time/moment 等。例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！ daddy promised me he _ me a com

23、puter a. was bought b. had bought c bought d. would buy 解析：“爸爸答應(yīng)我給我買一臺電腦”。賓語從句中的動作是以過去為起點將要發(fā)生的動作，應(yīng)用過去將來時。 選d。 they said they _ do some sports if it was fine. a. were going to b. went c. would going d. were going解析：“他們說如果天氣好的話他們打算去運動?！比プ鲞\動發(fā)生在說話之后，所以應(yīng)選用過去將來時，答案b不合適，“打算作某事”為“be going to do ”.would 后面應(yīng)跟

24、動詞原形，應(yīng)選a.7、過去完成時態(tài)1）過去完成時態(tài)的構(gòu)成： 肯定式：had + 動詞的過去分詞 否定式：hadnt + 動詞的過去分詞 疑問式：had + 動詞的過去分詞 簡略回答: yes, 主 + have/has had. no, 主 + had現(xiàn)在完成時的用法 過去完成時的用法：1、表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作。 他表示的時間是“過去 的過去 ”常與by last year, by the time of yesterday,等連用。如： she said she had seen the film 4 times. when mr li got to the cl

25、assroom, all the students had begun reading. by the time they arrived, the bus had left.2、表示 從過去某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到過去另一時間的動作或狀態(tài)。常與for (后跟段時間)或since (后跟點時間)等連用.如: she had worked in this school since it opened 25 years ago.例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！ 1. he _ in shanghai university for four years before he _ beijing. a.

26、studied, had gone b. had studied, went c. has studied, goes d. had studied, had gone 解析：“他去北京之前在上大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)了4年 ”。在上海學(xué)習(xí)的動作發(fā)生在去北京之前，因此第一個空應(yīng)用過去完成時。此題選b。 2. mary said it was at least five years since he _ a good drink. a. enjoyed b. was enjoying c. had enjoyed d. would enjoy解析：it was + 時間段+since 引導(dǎo)的從句中用過去完成時。

27、應(yīng)選c。 3. xiao pei said she _ hainan for 3 months. a. has been in b. had been in c. had been to d. had gone to解析：“小培說她去了海南三個月 ”。have been to 和have gone to 都是短暫性的動詞短語。所以適應(yīng)表示狀態(tài)的have been in. 應(yīng)選b.時態(tài)綜合例題解析：1.-what are mr and mrs black doing ? -they _ tea in the garden. a. are drinking b. drank c. have dru

28、nk d. drink 2. my mother often asks me _early . a. get up b. got up c. getting up d. to get up 3. soon wu dong _ up with li lei, then they were neck and neck. a. taught b. caught c. bought d. brought 4. the car _and stopped at the red traffic light. a. got on b. got off c. slowed down d. picked up 5

29、. tom _ the cd player for two weeks. a. has lent b. has borrowed c. has bought d. has had 6. -do you know _? -sorry, but if he _ back, i _ you know as soon as possible. a. when will he be back, comes, will let b. when he will be back, will come, will let c. what time will he be back, will come, let

30、d. what time he will be back, comes, will let 7. we _ to the park if it is fine tomorrow. a. will go b. have gone c. go 8. a new shoe factory will _ in this part of the city. a. be building b. be built c. build 9. -_ all your things, tom! i hate them here and there. -ok, mom. a. put up b. put on c.

31、put down d. put away 10. - how about going hiking this weekend? - sorry, i prefer _ rather than _. a. to stay at home, go out b. to go out, stay at home c. staying at home, go out d. going out, stay at home 解析： 1.根據(jù)問句的時態(tài)現(xiàn)在進行時，答句時態(tài)要一致，故選答案: a 2.根據(jù)句中的謂語動詞ask的固定搭配 ask sb to do sth. 故答案：d 3.根據(jù)第一句的固定動詞詞組

32、 catch up with sb 及第二句的過去時態(tài)，故選答案: b 4.此題主要考查四個動詞詞組的掌握.根據(jù)后半句在紅燈時停下來,故選答案: c 5.此題主要考查現(xiàn)在完成時的延續(xù)和非延續(xù)動詞，根據(jù)for two weeks 時間短語。故選答案: c 6.此題主要考查賓語叢句和狀語叢句的習(xí)慣用法。第一句是特殊疑問句的賓語叢句，要用陳述句語序。第二句是if 條件句。叢句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用一般將來時。故選答案：b 7.此題考查if 條件句的主句時態(tài)，要用一般將來時，故選答案； a 8.此題考查語態(tài)。根據(jù)全句的意思，使用被動語態(tài)。故選答案： b 9.此題考查四個動詞詞組put up ,張貼，舉起

33、; put on 穿上，上演； put away 把-收拾好。 根據(jù)后半句“我討厭到處亂放”， 故選答案: d 10.此題主要考查一個固定詞組：prefer to do sth rather than do sth. 故選答案：c.練習(xí)與鞏固：熟能生巧，取得好成績！一、選擇最佳答案填空(動詞及搭配)：1. a policeman saw two thieves _a girls mobile phone on the bus and hecaught them at once. a. to steal b. stealing c. stole d. stolen2. the chinese p

34、ingpong players will join in the match.lets _them success.wish b.to wish c.hope d.to hope3. he is so careless that he always _his school things at home.forgets b.forgot c.leaves d.left4. -who _the computer? i want to use it. -timmy. he _ it for a week.borrowed, has borrowed b.has borrowed, bought c.

35、has borrowed, has kept d.bought, has borrowed5. look! one of the girls _the door.cleans b.is cleaning c.clean d.are cleaning6. if you dont feel well, you may just _. stopped reading b.stop reading c.stopped to read d.stop to read7. -where can we get a baseball? -lets _. a. lend jim one b.lend one to

36、 jim c.borrow one from jim d.borrow one of jim8. -my model ship doesnt work. -dont worry. ill have it _this afternoon. a. repairing b.made c.repaired d.mend9. you _wash your hands before meals. a. need b.must c.can d.may10. will you _the light? its dark in the room.get on b.get off c.trun on d.turn

37、off11. my name is zhang mingjian. you may _me zhang mingjian or mr zhang. a. ask b.say c.tell d.call12. there is going to _a game in our school this afternoon.has b.have c.be d.are13. youd better_smoking. its bad for your health.eat up b.give up c.come up d.get up14. -how do you like this book? -i t

38、hink it has nothing to_with our study.a. make b.do c.take d.hold15. -where is mr brown? i have some questions to ask him. -he _the office. a. has been to b.has been in c.has gone to d.has gone in16.the bus kept the people _for twenty minutes. a. wait b.to wait c.waiting d.waits17.i believe the scien

39、tists will_a better way to heal the disease. a. get on with b.come up with c.go on with d.catch up with18.-why do you often _this pink blouse? -because it fits me well. a. put on b.wear c.buy d.try on19. jack always runs faster than peter, but this time he _him. a. went over b.fell behind c.put off

40、d.dropped off20. the internet _it easy to get much new information in a short time. a. finds b.makes c.feels d.takes 參考答案：1-5 baccb 610 bccbc 11-15 dcbbc 1620 cbbbb二、選擇最佳答案填空(動詞時態(tài))：1. we _out by that time that he_ a thief for a longtime.a. had found, had been b. had found, was c. found, had been d.

41、found, was2. it so happened that they_ the novel before. a. had read b. would read c. were reading d. readshe_ for nearly two hours. a. kept talking b. kept to talk c. has kept talking d. kept to talkingspring_ after winter. a. comes b. came c. has come d. had come5.i hear some noise in the next roo

42、m. oh, yes. your sister_ there. a. cries b. is crying c. cried d. was cryingall the students_ to plant trees and theres nobody in the classroom. a. go b. will go c. have gone d. wound go7. stop! a little boy_ the street. a. is crossing b. crosses c. crossed d. has crossed8. the girl_ to milk since l

43、ast winter. a. learns b. learned c. has learned d. would learn9. what_ to you this morning? a. happens b. is happened c. happened d. was happened10. the old man looks healthy.yes. he_ some running after he gets up. a. does b. did c. has done d. will do11. she didnt pass the exams because she_ her le

44、ssons well. a. wasnt prepared b. wasnt been prepared c. hadnt prepared d. was preparing12. this story_ in a faraway village in europe many years ago. a. is happened b. was happened c. happened d. has been happened13. mr king came back to our village. really? for what? the old man_ the noise in the c

45、ity. a. is hating b. hates c. was hating d. has hated14. his father _ for a week.a. died b. will die c. has been died d. has been dead15. my mother is ill. i _stay at home and look after her. a. has to b. must c. would d. have to16.-do you know the frenchman? -yes. i _him for two years. a. know b. h

46、ave known c. knew d. have been known17. they_ all their money, so they have to walk home.spend b. had spent c. have spent d. will spend18. great changes_ in the city, and a lot of factories_. a.have been taken place, have been set up b.have taken place, have been set up c.have taken place, have set

47、up d.were taken place, were set up19. -when did kates grandma die? -while the doctors_ on her. a. are operating b. were operating c. operate d. operated20. -who are you looking for? -mr white. -wait here for a while. the class meeting_ over in half an hour. a. is b. will be c. was d. has been21. if

48、shes not at home, you _ try telephoning her at the office. a. will b. could c. would d. need22. all the new words _ up in the dictionary yet. a. have looked b. havent looked c. have been looked d. havent been looked23.i dont want to speak to her, but i _. a. do b. have to c. have to speak d. must to

49、24. hurry up, or you _ the train. a. miss b. lose c. will miss d. will lose25.the new library _ next week. a. will build b . will be built c. would build d. would be built26.-wheres mabel? -she _ ping pong behind the teaching building. a. is playing b. was playing c. played d. had played27. quite a few tall buildings _ the last two years. a. have been put up b. were put up c. had put up d. put up28. man-m