最新被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)講解及練習(xí)(含答案)

1、精品文檔the passive voice一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本時(shí)態(tài)變化1) am/is/are +done ( 過(guò)去分詞) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 2） has /have been done 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)3） am/is /are being done 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)4） was/were done 一般過(guò)去時(shí)5） had been done 過(guò)去完成時(shí)6） was/were being done 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)7） shall/will be done 一般將來(lái)時(shí)8） should/would be done 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)2.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)形式1)帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。其形式為：情

2、態(tài)動(dòng)詞be過(guò)去分詞。例 the baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.2) 有些動(dòng)詞可以有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，在用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，可以把主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個(gè)賓 語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，另一賓語(yǔ)仍然保留在謂語(yǔ)后面。例 his mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改為 he was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3) 當(dāng)“動(dòng)詞 +賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，將賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中 的主語(yǔ)，其余不動(dòng)。例 someone caught th

3、e boy smoking a cigarette. 可改為 the boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4）在使役動(dòng)詞 have, make,let 以及感官動(dòng)詞 see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe 等后面不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)，在主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式 to 要省略， 但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要加 to。例 someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改為 a stranger was seen to walk into the building.5) 有些相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)

4、詞詞組，如“動(dòng)詞介詞”，“動(dòng)詞副詞”等，也 可以用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，但要把它們看作一個(gè)整體，不能分開(kāi)。其中的介詞或副詞也 不能省略。例 the meeting is to be put off till friday.3.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) ving形式及不定式 to do 也有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例 i dont like being laughed at in the public. 二、 如何使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.講話者不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或不必說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者(這時(shí)可省by 短語(yǔ))。例 my bike was stolen last night. 精品文檔精品文檔2. 借助被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作突出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。例 i

5、 was given ten minutes to decide whether i should accept the offer.3.為了更好地安排句子。例 the well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一個(gè)主語(yǔ)就夠了）三、 it is said that+從句及其他類(lèi)似句型一些表示“據(jù)說(shuō)”或“相信”的動(dòng)詞如 believe, consider, expect, report,say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“itbe過(guò)去分詞that從句”或“主語(yǔ)be過(guò)去分

6、詞to do sth.”。有： it is said that 據(jù)說(shuō), it is reported that據(jù)報(bào)道， it is believed that 大家相信，it is hoped that大家希望， it is well known that 眾所周 it is thought that大家認(rèn)為， it is suggested that據(jù)建議。四、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義1.英語(yǔ)中有很多動(dòng)詞如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash 等，當(dāng)它們被用作不及物動(dòng)詞來(lái)描述主語(yǔ)特征時(shí)， 常用其主動(dòng)形式 表達(dá)被動(dòng)意

7、義,主語(yǔ)通常是物。例 this kind of cloth washes well.注意：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表被動(dòng)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語(yǔ)的特征，而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)則強(qiáng)調(diào)外界作用造成的 影響。試比較：the door wont lock （指門(mén)本身有毛?。﹖he door wont be locked （指不會(huì)有人來(lái)鎖門(mén), 指“門(mén)沒(méi)有鎖”是人 的原因）2.表示“發(fā)生、進(jìn)行”的不及物動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ)，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out 等以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。例 ho

8、w do the newspapers come out? 這些報(bào)紙是如何印出來(lái)的呢？3.系動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的系動(dòng)詞feel, sound,精品文檔精品文檔taste, look, feel等在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中常以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。例 your reason sounds reasonable.五、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義，在某些句型中可用動(dòng)名詞和 不定式的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義 。1 在 need，want，require, bear等詞的后面，動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，其含義相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。例 the house needs repairing（t

9、o be repaired）這房子需要修理。2 形容詞 worth后面跟動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義，但不能跟動(dòng)詞不定式；而worthy 后面跟動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。例 the picture-book is well worth reading （the picture-book is very be read）worthy to3.在某些“形容詞不定式”做表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)中，句子的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)又是動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)時(shí)這，時(shí)常用不定式的主動(dòng) 形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。有 nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，int

10、eresting 等。例 this problem is difficult to work out .（可看作 to work out 省略了 for me）. 4 在 too to結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式前面可加邏輯主語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。例 this book is too expensive (for me) to buy.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)練習(xí)及答案1、( ) 1 the peoples republic of china _ on october 1, 1949.a. found b. was founded c. is founded d. was found( ) 2 english

11、_ in canada.a. speaks b. are spoken c. is speaking d. is spoken( ) 3 this english song_ by the girls after class.a. often sings b. often sang c. is often sang d. is often sung( ) 4 this kind of car _ in japan.a, makes b. made c. is making d. is made精品文檔精品文檔( ) 5 new computers _ all over the world.a.

12、 is used b. are using c. are used d. have used2、 ( ) 1 our room must _ clean.a. keep b. be kept c. to be kept d. to keep( ) 2 -id like to buy that coat.-im sorry. _.a. it sold b. its selling c. its been sold d. it had been sold( ) 3 a new house _ at the corner of the road.a. is building b. is being

13、built c. been built d. be building( ) 4 the key _ on the table when i leave.a. was left b. will be left c. is left d. has been left( ) 5 doctors _ in every part of the world.a. need b. are needing c. are needed d. will need( ) 6 his new book_ next month.a. will be published b. is publishing c. is be

14、ing published d. has been published3( ) 1 japanese _ in every country.a. is not spoken b. are spoken c. is speaking d. is not speaking( ) 2 these papers_yet. a. have not written b. have not been written c. has not written d. has not been written( ) 3 the sports meet _ be held until next week.a. didn

15、t b. wont c. isnt d. doesnt4( ) 1 -my shoes are worn out.a. cant they be mended? b. let me have a look at it.c. how much do they cost? d. cant they mended?( ) 2 _ the watch been repaired yet? i badly need it.a. does b. has c. is d . are( ) 3 _ these desks be needed?a. will b. are c. has d. do5( ) 1

16、why _ to talk about it yesterday?a. didnt a meeting hold b. wasnt a meeting heldc. wasnt held a meeting d. a meeting wasnt held( ) 2 who was the book_?a. write b. wrote c. written d. written by( ) 3 where _ these boxes made?a. was b. were c. is d. am6( ) 1 the flowers _ often.a. must be water b. mus

17、t be watered c. must watered d. must water ( ) 2 the books may_ for two weeks.a. be kept b. be borrowed c. keep d. borrow( ) 3 the broken bike_ here by mr smith.a. can mend b. can mended c. can be mend d. can be mended精品文檔精品文檔7( ) 1 the old bridge in my hometown_ next month.a. is going to be rebuilt

18、 b. will rebuilt c. are going to be rebuiltd. are going to rebuilt ( ) 2 the play _ at the theatre next sunday.a. is going to be shown b. will shown c. will show d. is shown( ) 3 the old stone bridge _ next week.a. is going to be rebuilt b. will be rebuild c. are going to be rebuilt d. will rebuild

19、8( ) 1 now these magazines_ in the library for a long time.a. have kept b. are keeping c. have been keeping d. have been kept( ) 2 the pot _ for _ hot water.a. used; keeping b. was used; keeping c. is used; to keep d. are used; keep( ) 3 tea _ in the south of china.a. grows b. is grown c. were grown

20、 d. will grow( ) 4 the bridges_ two years ago.a. is built b. built c. were built d. was built( ) 5 wet clothes are often _ up near a fire in rainy weather.a. hang b. hanged c. hanging d. hung9( ) 1 the river smells terrible. people must _ dirty things into it.a. be stopped to throw b. be stopped fro

21、m throwing c. stop to throw d. stop from throwing( ) 2 the teapot _ water.a. is filled with b. filled of c. fulling of d. filled( ) 3 old people must be looked after well and _ politely.a. speak to b. spoken c. speak d. spoken to( ) 4 old people must _.a. look after well b. be looked well after c. l

22、ooked well after d. be looked after well 10( ) 1 newly-born babies_in hospital.a. are taken good care b. are taken good care of c. take good care of d. take good care( ) 2 they were_ at the sudden noise.a. frightening b. frightened c. frighten d. frightens( ) 3 these walls _ stone.a. are made of b.

23、made of. c. are made into d. made into11( ) 1 jane _ to sing us an american song last saturday.a. called b. was asked c. told d. was said( ) 2 the papers _ to them.a.were shown b. show c. shown / d. have shown( ) 3 the coat_her sister.a. made to b. were made for c. was made for d. was made to12精品文檔精

24、品文檔( ) 1 i _ five minutes to decide whether i should go or not.a. gave b. was giving c. had given d. was given( ) 2 good care_such things.a. should take of b. should be taken c. should be taking d. should be taken of( ) 3 she will_good care_.a. take; of b. be taken; of c. take; for you d. be taken;

25、of you13( ) 1 the teacher made him_ his homework.a. to do b. do c. did d. done( ) 2 the boy_ streets without pay in the old days.a. was made to clean b. made clean c. made to clean d. was made clean( ) 3 these children_dance.a. were seen to b. were seen for c. were seen d. saw to14( ) 1 these stones

26、_well.a. are fitted b. fit c. fits d. is fitted( ) 2 the bike _ 500 yuan.a. was cost b. costed c. cost d. is costed( ) 3 the important meeting _ on a cold morning last year.a. was had b. was held c. held d. had15( ) 1 great changes_ in the past ten years in china.a. took place b. have taken place c.

27、 were taking place d. had taken place( ) 2 you cant use the computer, it_.a. was broken down b. is wrong c. is bad d. has broken down( ) 3 great changes_in our country during the past 20 years.a. have happened b. happened c. have been happened d. were happened( ) 4 the watch has often _ down.a. sat

28、b. lain c. broken d. fell16( ) 1 please pass me another cup. this one_.a. is broken b. is breaking c. broke d. broken( ) 2 the story books_ by the writer in the 1960s.a. are written b. were writtenc. are writing d. were writing( ) 3 what time _ the door _ every day?a. does; closed b. does; close c. is; closed d. /; close17( ) 1 can he_ himself?a. get dress b. get dressed c. gets dressed d. instead of( ) 2 he fell from his bike an