我國銀行業(yè)效率與外部環(huán)境因素關(guān)系

1、我國銀行業(yè)效率與外部環(huán)境因素關(guān)系基于dea兩階段法模型的實證分析the relationship between china banking efficiency and external environment factors: based on dea two-stage model empirical analysis內(nèi)容摘要自1994年我國加快建立市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革以來，我國銀行業(yè)經(jīng)營所面臨的外部環(huán)境發(fā)生了很大的變化。這些外部環(huán)境因素主要分為三大方面：一是我國銀行體系改革制度變遷如立法改革、股份制改革、信貸政策、金融開放等；二是技術(shù)進(jìn)步如信息技術(shù)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)等在銀行業(yè)的運用；三是一些主要宏

2、觀經(jīng)濟(jì)運行變量如經(jīng)濟(jì)周期、管制利率下利差變化等。本文在銀行業(yè)效率與外部環(huán)境因素理論分析的基礎(chǔ)上，運用dea及財務(wù)指標(biāo)模型對兩者關(guān)系進(jìn)行實證研究。具體操作上，本文選取1996-2004年9年14家主要商業(yè)銀行數(shù)據(jù)，采取兩階段法(two-stage method)，即首先運用dea模型評估國內(nèi)各主要商業(yè)銀行的技術(shù)效率值，然后再運用面板數(shù)據(jù)ols、gmm等計量模型來檢驗銀行效率值與反映銀行效率的一些經(jīng)營指標(biāo)和反映外部環(huán)境因素變動的替代指標(biāo)如財政赤字/gdp、擴(kuò)大銀行競爭、擴(kuò)大對私人部門信貸、管制利率下凈利差、網(wǎng)上銀行等之間的相關(guān)關(guān)系。我們初步發(fā)現(xiàn)1996-2004年我國銀行業(yè)效率呈現(xiàn)波動上升的過程，

3、2004年全要素生產(chǎn)率較1996 年平均提高了約27.69%，其中外部環(huán)境因素與銀行自身因素對全要素生產(chǎn)率貢獻(xiàn)度比達(dá)到7：3，說明在我們所考察的樣本期間，外部環(huán)境因素對銀行業(yè)效率變化起著主導(dǎo)作用。另外，實證表明銀行業(yè)效率與允許外資銀行進(jìn)入、加大銀行業(yè)競爭、擴(kuò)大財政赤字、利差擴(kuò)大、技術(shù)進(jìn)步呈顯著正相關(guān)，而與擴(kuò)大對私人部門信貸存在負(fù)向關(guān)系，當(dāng)然這也有待于進(jìn)一步檢驗。關(guān)鍵詞： 銀行業(yè)效率；外部環(huán)境；dea模型3abstractafter the market economic reform in 1994, the external environments of china commercial

4、bank have been changed a lot, including three primary aspects: china banking institutional transition、banking technical progress、main macroeconomic variables.based on the theoretical analysis of banking efficiency and external environments, this paper uses the panel data of 14 commercial banks over

5、the period 1996 to 2004, and takes two-stage method to examine the relationship between china banking efficiency and external environment factors. first, we use data envelopment analysis(dea) model to measure the 14 china banking efficiency, the second use the econometric model to examine the relati

6、onship between banking efficiency and various bank-specific characteristics such as roe and environmental factors such as fiscal deficits、bank competition and so on.we find that china banking efficiency was improved but fluctuant in 1996-2004, the total factor productivity (tfp) of banking in 2004 h

7、as been improved nearly 27.69% relative to those of 1994, where the contribution of external environment factors versus banking internal factors is 7 versus 3, we can find that most of the tfp growth contributed by external environment factors. we also find positive relationships between gdp growth rate、banking competition、foreign bank coming、fiscal deficits、net interest gap and banking efficiency, but negative relationships between private credit、asian finance crisis and banking efficiency