智能溫度巡測(cè)儀畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）

1、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）題目： 智能溫度巡測(cè)儀 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）原創(chuàng)性聲明和使用授權(quán)說(shuō)明原創(chuàng)性聲明本人鄭重承諾：所呈交的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文），是我個(gè)人在指導(dǎo)教師的指導(dǎo)下進(jìn)行的研究工作及取得的成果。盡我所知，除文中特別加以標(biāo)注和致謝的地方外，不包含其他人或組織已經(jīng)發(fā)表或公布過(guò)的研究成果，也不包含我為獲得 及其它教育機(jī)構(gòu)的學(xué)位或?qū)W歷而使用過(guò)的材料。對(duì)本研究提供過(guò)幫助和做出過(guò)貢獻(xiàn)的個(gè)人或集體，均已在文中作了明確的說(shuō)明并表示了謝意。作 者 簽 名： 日 期： 指導(dǎo)教師簽名： 日期： 使用授權(quán)說(shuō)明本人完全了解 大學(xué)關(guān)于收集、保存、使用畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）的規(guī)定，即：按照學(xué)校要求提交畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）的印刷本和電子版本；學(xué)

2、校有權(quán)保存畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）的印刷本和電子版，并提供目錄檢索與閱覽服務(wù)；學(xué)?？梢圆捎糜坝?、縮印、數(shù)字化或其它復(fù)制手段保存論文；在不以贏利為目的前提下，學(xué)校可以公布論文的部分或全部?jī)?nèi)容。作者簽名： 日 期： 學(xué)位論文原創(chuàng)性聲明本人鄭重聲明：所呈交的論文是本人在導(dǎo)師的指導(dǎo)下獨(dú)立進(jìn)行研究所取得的研究成果。除了文中特別加以標(biāo)注引用的內(nèi)容外，本論文不包含任何其他個(gè)人或集體已經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫(xiě)的成果作品。對(duì)本文的研究做出重要貢獻(xiàn)的個(gè)人和集體，均已在文中以明確方式標(biāo)明。本人完全意識(shí)到本聲明的法律后果由本人承擔(dān)。作者簽名： 日期： 年 月 日學(xué)位論文版權(quán)使用授權(quán)書(shū)本學(xué)位論文作者完全了解學(xué)校有關(guān)保留、使用學(xué)位論文的規(guī)定

3、，同意學(xué)校保留并向國(guó)家有關(guān)部門(mén)或機(jī)構(gòu)送交論文的復(fù)印件和電子版，允許論文被查閱和借閱。本人授權(quán) 大學(xué)可以將本學(xué)位論文的全部或部分內(nèi)容編入有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行檢索，可以采用影印、縮印或掃描等復(fù)制手段保存和匯編本學(xué)位論文。涉密論文按學(xué)校規(guī)定處理。作者簽名：日期： 年 月 日導(dǎo)師簽名： 日期： 年 月 日目 錄一、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）開(kāi)題報(bào)告二、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）原文及外文資料翻譯三、學(xué)生“畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）計(jì)劃、進(jìn)度、檢察及落實(shí)表”四、學(xué)生教學(xué)實(shí)習(xí)實(shí)訓(xùn)記錄xx大學(xué)xx學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）開(kāi)題報(bào)告題目： 智能溫度巡測(cè)儀 系 專業(yè)學(xué) 號(hào)： 學(xué)生姓名： 指導(dǎo)教師： （職稱： ） （職稱： ）xxxx年x月xx日課題來(lái)源

4、本課題來(lái)源于工程。應(yīng)用這種儀器適用于工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中對(duì)溫度的監(jiān)控和檢測(cè)。儀器采用熱電偶將測(cè)試點(diǎn)和該點(diǎn)的溫度直觀的顯示出來(lái)。智能溫度巡測(cè)儀在工程應(yīng)用中具有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景，因此對(duì)它的研究具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義?？茖W(xué)依據(jù)（包括課題的科學(xué)意義；國(guó)內(nèi)外研究概況、水平和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)；應(yīng)用前景等）發(fā)電機(jī)的線圈溫度需要檢測(cè)，以保證發(fā)電機(jī)的正常運(yùn)行。熱電偶測(cè)溫元件可以解決這一問(wèn)題。將現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的熱電偶測(cè)溫元件接到儀表端子。該儀器對(duì)測(cè)試點(diǎn)進(jìn)行計(jì)算并顯示溫度值。研究?jī)?nèi)容本課題要求設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)智能溫度巡測(cè)儀。具體要求如下（1）了解熱電偶測(cè)溫的原理。 （2）熱電偶具有冷端補(bǔ)償功能。有上下限報(bào)警，每路報(bào)警值分別設(shè)置，每路帶報(bào)警記憶提示，報(bào)警觸點(diǎn)輸出。

5、 （3）完成巡測(cè)儀的軟、硬件設(shè)計(jì)。擬采取的研究方法、技術(shù)路線、實(shí)驗(yàn)方案及可行性分析設(shè)計(jì)智能溫度巡測(cè)儀，關(guān)鍵是了解熱電偶的測(cè)溫原理和工作過(guò)程，并對(duì)其功能進(jìn)行合理的運(yùn)用。通過(guò)運(yùn)用單片機(jī)知識(shí)，設(shè)定上下線報(bào)警，報(bào)警觸電輸出。使其具有反應(yīng)快、檢測(cè)點(diǎn)顯示精確等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。通過(guò)對(duì)已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)的各種知識(shí)的融會(huì)貫通以及protel99等工具的合理運(yùn)用，完成巡測(cè)儀的軟，硬件設(shè)計(jì)。該方案具有安裝方便、數(shù)字化程度高、精度高、適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)等特點(diǎn)，在多種溫度檢測(cè)中具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。研究計(jì)劃及預(yù)期成果2009年10月12日- 12月25日 查找資料，完成畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)題報(bào)告2010年1月11日-3月5日 完成畢業(yè)實(shí)習(xí)任務(wù)2010年3月8日

6、-3月14日 掌握設(shè)計(jì)中at89c51數(shù)據(jù)模塊的用法及數(shù)據(jù)傳輸網(wǎng)的相關(guān)知識(shí)2010年3月15日-3月21日 知道了at89c51模塊在本系統(tǒng)中的作用2010年3月22日-3月28日 了解at89c51協(xié)議2010年3月29日-4月4日 了解數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊2010年4月5日-4月11日 繪制系統(tǒng)原理圖2010年4月12日4月18日 原理圖交老師檢查，自己再進(jìn)行修改2010年4月19日-4月25日 完成軟件相關(guān)程序設(shè)計(jì)2010年4月26日-5月2日 完成論文初稿，交老師檢查2010年5月3日-5月9日 對(duì)初稿進(jìn)行修改2010年5月10日-5月16日 再次進(jìn)行修改2010年5月17日-5月21日 上交

7、正式論文及軟件，進(jìn)行畢業(yè)論文答辯特色或創(chuàng)新之處本設(shè)計(jì)涉及傳感器與檢測(cè)技術(shù)、模擬電路、數(shù)字電路、電路原理等相關(guān)知識(shí)，它有數(shù)字溫度顯示、檢測(cè)點(diǎn)顯示、自動(dòng)巡測(cè)等功能，具有反應(yīng)快、檢測(cè)點(diǎn)顯示精確等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，同時(shí)還具有線性好、性能高、價(jià)格低、抗干擾能力強(qiáng)等特點(diǎn)。因此在許多領(lǐng)域具有廣泛的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。 已具備的條件和尚需解決的問(wèn)題已學(xué)過(guò)微機(jī)原理、單片機(jī)兩門(mén)與本課題相關(guān)的課程。在電路圖設(shè)計(jì)和匯編語(yǔ)言方面有較好基礎(chǔ)。有過(guò)單片機(jī)課程設(shè)計(jì)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，并會(huì)使用protel99制作電路圖。需要解決的問(wèn)題是對(duì)熱電偶的冷端補(bǔ)償功能和測(cè)溫原理還不熟悉，需要進(jìn)一步查閱資料。指導(dǎo)教師意見(jiàn) 指導(dǎo)教師簽名：年 月 日教研室（學(xué)科組、研究所）意

8、見(jiàn) 教研室主任簽名： 年 月 日系意見(jiàn) 主管領(lǐng)導(dǎo)簽名： 年 月 日英文原文sensor development of new technologiessensor can be a physical, chemical, biomass and other devices into electrical signals. output signal has different forms, such as voltage, current, frequency, pulse, etc., to meet the information transmission, processing, rec

9、ording, display and control requirements, is the automatic detection system and automatic control systems are indispensable components. if the computer compared to the brain, then the sensor is equivalent to features, the sensor can be correctly measured and converted into feelings of the correspond

10、ing output, the quality of the system play a decisive role. the higher degree of automation, the higher the system requirements on the sensor. in todays information age, the information industry, including information collection, transmission, processing of three parts, namely, sensor technology, co

11、mmunication technology, computer technology. modern computer technology and communication technology as the rapid development of large scale integrated circuits, after already fully developed, not only on the sensor accuracy, reliability, response rate, the amount of information required to obtain h

12、igher and higher, the cost is cheap and also requested easy to use. obviously because of the traditional sensor functions, features, size, cost has been difficult to meet the gradually be eliminated. many developed countries are speeding up the world of the sensor research and development of new tec

13、hnologies, and have made tremendous breakthroughs. today, the new sensor technology, mainly in the following areas: find and use new phenomenon using physical phenomena, chemical reactions, biological effects as a sensor principle, the study found that effects of new phenomena and new sensor technol

14、ogy development is an important work is the basis for research and development of new sensors. sharp developed using high-temperature superconductivity superconducting technology magnetic sensor, is a major breakthrough in sensor technology, its high sensitivity, second only to superconducting quant

15、um interference device. its manufacturing process than the superconducting quantum interference devices simple. for magnetic imaging, wide popularization. use of antibody and antigen complex on the electrode surface, when met, will cause changes in electrode potential, take advantage of this phenome

16、non can be the immune system of the sensor. made with this antibody immune sensor can have such an in vivo antigen tests. as with hepatitis c virus antibodies can check whether a person is suffering from hepatitis, play fast, accurate effect. university of california, had developed a type of sensor.

17、 the use of new materials sensor technology, sensor material is an important foundation, because materials of scientific progress, people can create new types of sensors. for example, polymer films made with a temperature sensor; optical fiber can be made of pressure, flow, temperature, displacement

18、 and other sensors; pressure sensor made of ceramic. polymers with the surrounding environment to the relative humidity in proportion to the size of the adsorption and release of water molecules. polymer dielectric constant is small, water molecules can increase the polymers dielectric constant. wil

19、l be made of polymer dielectric capacitor, capacitance measured changes in relative humidity can be obtained. this principle is made use of plasma polymerization, polystyrene film temperature sensor, which has the following characteristics: wide range of measuring humidity; wide temperature range, u

20、p to -400 +1500 ; fast response, less than 1s; small size, can be used to test wet small space; temperature coefficient. ceramic capacitive pressure sensor is a non-intermediary fluid pressure sensor dry. advanced ceramic technology, thick film technology, its technical performance is stable, the an

21、nual drift of less than 0.1% fs, drift less than 0.15% / 10k, strong anti-overload, range up to several hundred times. measurement range from 0 to 60mpa. e + h company of germany and the united states kavlio products leader. application of optical fiber sensor material is a major breakthrough, the f

22、irst for the optical communication technology. found in optical communication using the temperature, pressure, electric field, magnetic field and other environmental conditions change, causing fiber-optic transmission of light intensity, phase, frequency, polarization and other changes, the measurem

23、ent light quantity changes, we can know the cause of these changes in light quantity temperature, pressure, electric field, magnetic field and other physical size, use of these principles can be developed optical fiber sensors. compared with traditional sensors optical fiber sensor has many characte

24、ristics: high sensitivity, simple structure, small size, corrosion resistance, good electrical insulation, optical flexible, easy to implement remote sensing and so on. japan is in advanced fiber-optic sensors. if idec izumi corporation and sunx company. optical fiber and integrated optical technolo

25、gy receptors combine to accelerate the development of fiber optic sensor technology. integrated optical devices will replace the existing passive optical components and optical devices, so that a high-bandwidth fiber-optic sensors, signal processing and low voltage, high reliability and low cost. mi

26、cro-machining technology semiconductor technology in the processing methods of oxidation, photolithography, diffusion, deposition, surface electronic process, the wizard of corrosion and deposition, sputtering and thin film, which have already been brought to the sensor manufacturing. and so many ne

27、w sensors, such as the use of semiconductor technology to produce silicon micro-sensors, using membrane technology to produce fast response gas and humidity sensor using sputtered thin film pressure sensor technology system. yokogawa corporation of japan using the wizard of corrosion technology for

28、high-precision three-dimensional processing, all made of silicon resonant pressure sensor. core part of the silicon diaphragm by the pressure sensitive silicon diaphragm and above the production of two resonant beam forming, the two resonant beam frequency difference corresponding to different press

29、ures, with the frequency method of measuring the pressure difference, temperature and other factors to eliminate the errors caused . when the ambient temperature changes, the two resonant frequency and amplitude of the same beam, the frequency difference between the two, its the same variation can c

30、ancel each other out. the most accurate measurement of up to 0.01% fs. u.s. silicon microstructure inc. (smi) has developed a series of low-cost, linearity of 0.1% to 0.65% within the silicon micro pressure sensor, the minimum full scale for the 0.15psi (1kpa), the silicon-material, has a unique thr

31、ee-dimensional structure, light micro machining, and multiple wheatstone bridge made of etched silicon diaphragm on, when the top silicon wafer by the force, its deformation, resistor bridge piezoresistive effect of the loss of balance, output signal proportional to pressure. like this silicon micro

32、-sensor is the development of todays cutting-edge sensor technology, its basic feature is the volume of sensitive components micrometers, dozens of traditional sensors, a few per cent. in industrial control, aerospace, bio-medicine have an important role, such as aircraft weight, reduce aircraft uti

33、lization and reduce energy. another feature is sensitive to small to be measured, blood pressure sensors can be made. china national aviation corporation, beijing institute of measurement and control technology, developed cyj series splash xie film pressure sensor is processed by ion sputtering of m

34、etal strain gauges, it overcomes the non-metallic strain gauge less susceptible to temperature effects, high stability , suitable for all occasions, wide range of measured media, but also overcomes the accuracy pasted brought low, a large hysteresis, creep and other shortcomings, with high accuracy,

35、 high reliability, small size and is widely used in aviation , petroleum, chemical, medical and other fields. integrated sensor the advantages of integrated sensors is the traditional sensors can not be achieved, it is not just a simple sensor, it will assist in the circuit components and sensor int

36、egrated on a chip at the same time, so has the calibration, compensation, self-diagnosis and network communication function, it can reduce costs, increase production, the united states lucas, novasensor developed this blood pressure sensors, each capable of producing 10,000 a week. intelligent senso

37、rs intelligent sensor is a sensor with a microprocessor, micro-computers and sensors combined results, which both detect, determine and information processing capabilities, and many of the characteristics compared to conventional sensors: with judgments and information processing functions, measurem

38、ent values can be modified, error compensation, thereby improving measurement accuracy; can achieve multi-sensor multi-parameter measurement; a self-diagnosis and self-calibration function, improve reliability; measurement data to access, easy to use; a data communication interface to communicate di

39、rectly with the micro-computer. the sensors, signal conditioning circuitry, microcontroller integrated chip to form a very large scale integrated advanced smart sensors. u.s. hony well corporation st-3000 smart sensor chip size of only 3 4 2mm3, using semiconductor technology, chip made in the same

40、cpu, eprom, static pressure, differential pressure, temperature sensitive components of three. intelligent sensor research and development, leading the united states. nasa spacecraft, said that in the development of smart sensor for the sensor (smart sensor), the sensor in the spacecraft is very imp

41、ortant. our research and development in this area is still lagging behind, mainly because of chinas semiconductor integrated circuit technology is limited. rapid development of sensors, in particular the human 80s enter the information from the highly industrialized era, sensor technology to the new

42、er and higher technology. united states, japan and other developed countries, sensor technology, the fastest growing, our foundation is weak because the sensor technology and the greater the gap between developed countries. therefore, we should increase the sensor technology research and development

43、 investment, so that our sensor technology reduce the gap with foreign countries and the promotion of industrial instrumentation and process automation technology.中文翻譯傳感器新技術(shù)的發(fā)展傳感器是一種能將物理量、化學(xué)量、生物量等轉(zhuǎn)換成電信號(hào)的器件。輸出信號(hào)有不同形式，如電壓、電流、頻率、脈沖等，能滿足信息傳輸、處理、記錄、顯示、控制要求，是自動(dòng)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)和自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)中不可缺少的元件。如果把計(jì)算機(jī)比作大腦，那么傳感器則相當(dāng)于五官，傳感

44、器能正確感受被測(cè)量并轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)輸出量，對(duì)系統(tǒng)的質(zhì)量起決定性作用。自動(dòng)化程度越高，系統(tǒng)對(duì)傳感器要求越高。在今天的信息時(shí)代里，信息產(chǎn)業(yè)包括信息采集、傳輸、處理三部分，即傳感技術(shù)、通信技術(shù)、計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)?，F(xiàn)代的計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)和通信技術(shù)由于超大規(guī)模集成電路的飛速發(fā)展，而已經(jīng)充分發(fā)達(dá)后，不僅對(duì)傳感器的精度、可靠性、響應(yīng)速度、獲取的信息量要求越來(lái)越高，還要求其成本低廉且使用方便。顯然傳統(tǒng)傳感器因功能、特性、體積、成本等已難以滿足而逐漸被淘汰。世界許多發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家都在加快對(duì)傳感器新技術(shù)的研究與開(kāi)發(fā)，并且都已取得極大的突破。如今傳感器新技術(shù)的發(fā)展，主要有以下幾個(gè)方面：一、 發(fā)現(xiàn)并利用新現(xiàn)象利用物理現(xiàn)象、化學(xué)反應(yīng)、生物效

45、應(yīng)作為傳感器原理，所以研究發(fā)現(xiàn)新現(xiàn)象與新效應(yīng)是傳感器技術(shù)發(fā)展的重要工作，是研究開(kāi)發(fā)新型傳感器的基礎(chǔ)。日本夏普公司利用超導(dǎo)技術(shù)研制成功高溫超導(dǎo)磁性傳感器，是傳感器技術(shù)的重大突破，其靈敏度高，僅次于超導(dǎo)量子干涉器件。它的制造工藝遠(yuǎn)比超導(dǎo)量子干涉器件簡(jiǎn)單。可用于磁成像技術(shù)，有廣泛推廣價(jià)值。利用抗體和抗原在電極表面上相遇復(fù)合時(shí)，會(huì)引起電極電位的變化，利用這一現(xiàn)象可制出免疫傳感器。用這種抗體制成的免疫傳感器可對(duì)某生物體內(nèi)是否有這種抗原作檢查。如用肝炎病毒抗體可檢查某人是否患有肝炎，起到快速、準(zhǔn)確作用。美國(guó)加州大學(xué)巳研制出這類傳感器。二、利用新材料傳感器材料是傳感器技術(shù)的重要基礎(chǔ)，由于材料科學(xué)進(jìn)步，人們可

46、制造出各種新型傳感器。例如用高分子聚合物薄膜制成溫度傳感器；光導(dǎo)纖維能制成壓力、流量、溫度、位移等多種傳感器；用陶瓷制成壓力傳感器。高分子聚合物能隨周?chē)h(huán)境的相對(duì)濕度大小成比例地吸附和釋放水分子。高分子電介常數(shù)小，水分子能提高聚合物的介電常數(shù)。將高分子電介質(zhì)做成電容器，測(cè)定電容容量的變化，即可得出相對(duì)濕度。利用這個(gè)原理制成等離子聚合法聚苯乙烯薄膜溫度傳感器，其有以下特點(diǎn)：測(cè)濕范圍寬；溫度范圍寬，可達(dá)-400+1500；響應(yīng)速度快，小于1s；尺寸小，可用于小空間測(cè)濕；溫度系數(shù)小。陶瓷電容式壓力傳感器是一種無(wú)中介液的干式壓力傳感器。采用先進(jìn)的陶瓷技術(shù)，厚膜電子技術(shù)，其技術(shù)性能穩(wěn)定，年漂移量小于0.

47、1%f.s,溫漂小于 0.15%/10k,抗過(guò)載強(qiáng),可達(dá)量程的數(shù)百倍。測(cè)量范圍可從0到60mpa。德國(guó)e+h公司和美國(guó)kavlio公司產(chǎn)品處于領(lǐng)先地位。光導(dǎo)纖維的應(yīng)用是傳感材料的重大突破，其最早用于光通信技術(shù)。在光通信利用中發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)溫度、壓力、電場(chǎng)、磁場(chǎng)等環(huán)境條件變化時(shí)，引起光纖傳輸?shù)墓獠◤?qiáng)度、相位、頻率、偏振態(tài)等變化，測(cè)量光波量的變化，就可知道導(dǎo)致這些光波量變化的溫度、壓力、電場(chǎng)、磁場(chǎng)等物理量的大小，利用這些原理可研制出光導(dǎo)纖維傳感器。光纖傳感器與傳統(tǒng)傳感器相比有許多特點(diǎn)：靈敏度高，結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、體積小、耐腐蝕、電絕緣性好、光路可彎曲、便于實(shí)現(xiàn)遙測(cè)等。光纖傳感器日本處于先進(jìn)水平。如 idecizumi公司和sunx公司。光纖傳感受