閱讀理解第二輪詞義猜測專題一

1、Word Guessing 閱讀理解第二輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解第二輪復(fù)習(xí) 詞義猜測詞義猜測知識梳理知識梳理1 細(xì)節(jié)理解題2 推理判斷題3 主旨大意題4 詞義猜測題常設(shè)提問方式常設(shè)提問方式1. What does the underlined word/phrase/sentence mean in the last para.?2. What does the author probably mean by “.”?3. The underlined word “.” in the context/in Pbably means. 4. The term “.” can be best

2、replaced by . 5. The word “.” probably refers to . 6. From the context/passage, we can infer that the word “.” means . 解題妙招解題妙招構(gòu)詞法定義法例舉法邏輯法構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)詞法1). A self-employed jobber, he was always building things out of odds and ends.2). The light from the campfire brightened the darkness. (2013 江西)合成詞合成詞個體經(jīng)營

3、的個體經(jīng)營的營火營火構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)詞法3). Laughing helps to produce more antibody-producing cells.4). The computer also counts the loads and gives a signal by phone when the box is full. And a special piece of equipment breaks up the nonrecyclables.詞根詞綴詞根詞綴抗抗 體體 生成的生成的不不 循環(huán)循環(huán)/ /回收再利用回收再利用 能能anti + body + producing anti +

4、 body + producing non + recycle + able non + recycle + able 不可循環(huán)的，不能回收的不可循環(huán)的，不能回收的常見的詞綴常見的詞綴inter-_; mini-_; re-_; micro-_; tele-_; auto _; co-_; -able _; anti-_; multi-_; en- / -en _; mis-_; dis-/ im-/un-/in-/ir-/il-/non-/_; -less _;互相互相小的小的再，又，重再，又，重微小的微小的遠(yuǎn)程的遠(yuǎn)程的自動的自動的共同共同的的能能的的反對反對多元的多元的使使誤誤不，非不，非

5、不，無不，無international _；Microsoft _autobiography_; antiwar _; multimedia_; multicultural _;rewrite _; enrich_; shorten _; feedback_; database_常見的詞綴常見的詞綴國際的國際的微軟微軟自傳自傳反戰(zhàn)反戰(zhàn)多媒體多媒體多元文化多元文化重寫重寫豐富豐富縮短縮短反饋反饋數(shù)據(jù)庫數(shù)據(jù)庫高考鏈接高考鏈接(2014遼寧,B片段)Situation Q: If I remember my friends birthday a day late, should I apologiz

6、e or just wish her a happy birthday like nothing happened?A: This is the reason why the word belated was invented. “Happy belated birthday!” is short for: “Well, I know I forgot, but then I remembered. Forgive me and happy birthday.” 27. The underlined word “belated” in Situation probably means. A.

7、predicted B. returned C. cancelled D. delayedbe+ late + (e)d be+ late + (e)d 高考鏈接高考鏈接(2015陜西,D片段) Parents who help their children with homework may actually be bringing down their school grades. Other forms of parental involvement, including volunteering at school and observing a childs class, also

8、fail to help, according to the most recent study on the topic.58. The underlined expression “parental involvement” in Paragraph 1 probably means_. A. parents expectation on childrens health B. parents participation in childrens education C. parents control over childrens life D. parents plan for chi

9、ldrens futureparent+ alparent+ alinvolve+ involve+ mentment定義定義法法1). It will be very hard but very brittle that is, it will break easily. 2). The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.易碎的易碎的牧羊人牧羊人3). Doctors do know that cancer is not caused by injury and is not contagious it

10、does not spread from one person to another.傳染性的傳染性的定義定義法法signify(表示；意味著)動詞：動詞： be, mean, deal with, be considered to be, be called, define, represent(表現(xiàn)，象征), refer to, 同位語復(fù)述同位語復(fù)述： i.e. (即，換言之)or, similarly, that is (to say), in other words, namely, say(比方說), 標(biāo)點符號標(biāo)點符號： 破折號；冒號；括號；引號定語從句定語從句 高考鏈接高考鏈接“G

11、etting the cold shoulder” means that someone is actually in a way that makes you feel unwanted. The very words create a picture: You can imagine a friend turning away so that, instead of a warm greeting, you receive only his shoulder a “cold” shoulder.31. The expression “getting the cold shoulder” m

12、eans _.A. being treated rudely by paying no attention to you B. greeting you friendlyC. greeting you by rubbing shoulders with you D. feeding you cold meat例舉法例舉法1). Today young couples often spend lots of their money on appliances, for instance, washing machines, refrigerators and color televisions.

13、電器用具電器用具for instance, for example, such as: such,like, especially, include /including, consist of 高考鏈接高考鏈接 (2014江西江西, D片段片段) However, at the back of the minds of many people, especially those who miss the “good old days”, efficiency comes with a price. When communication becomes more efficient, peop

14、le are able to contact one another no matter where they are and at whatever time they wish to. The click of a button allows people miles apart to talk or see each other without even leaving their homes. With the communication gadgets, such as mobile phones and iPad, people often do not take the effo

15、rt to visit one another personally. A personal visit carries with it the additional feature of having to be in the persons presence for as long as the visit lasts. We cannot unnecessarily excuse ourselves or turn the other person off.71.The underlined word “gadgets” is closest in meaning to. A. tool

16、sB. messages C. barriers D. skills內(nèi)在內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系邏輯關(guān)系 對比關(guān)系對比關(guān)系 因果關(guān)系因果關(guān)系 相似關(guān)系相似關(guān)系對比法對比法1). John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty.節(jié)儉的節(jié)儉的2). Some human actions are learned, but quite a few other actions are innate.天生的天生的3) Although a large number of peop

17、le considered him to have stolen the money, I was sure that he was innocent of the theft.無辜的無辜的利用文中利用文中的的表表對比關(guān)系的詞（組對比關(guān)系的詞（組）以及以及反義詞反義詞猜測猜測詞義詞義對比法對比法despite, in spite of, but, however, although, yet,while/ whereas, otherwiseunlike, in contrast (相比之下) on the contrary (相反地)對比法對比法 A childs birthday part

18、y doesnt have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun. What does the underlined word “hassle” (paragraph 1) probably mean? A. a party designed by specialists B. a plan requiring careful thought C. a situation causing difficulty or trouble D. a demand made by guests反義反義因果關(guān)系因果關(guān)系1). The river is so t

19、urbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow（淺的）.2). Rubber (橡膠) can be made to stretch nine times more than its normal length because it is very elastic.渾濁的渾濁的有彈性的有彈性的because, since, as, for, due to, so, therefore, thus，as a result /consequence (of)sothat, suchthat, 相似法相似法1

20、). Cleaning up waterways is an enormous task .The job is so large, in fact, that the government may not be able to save some of the rivers and lakes which have been polluted.利用利用同義詞同義詞、近義詞（詞組）近義詞（詞組）或或相似的結(jié)構(gòu)相似的結(jié)構(gòu)猜測詞義。猜測詞義。2). Mother was tall, fat and middle-aged. My aunt was an old woman, almost as p

21、lump as mother, and much shorter.極大的極大的胖的胖的or, like , asas, the same as，similarly, like, just as, also, as well as，高考鏈接高考鏈接(2015湖南湖南,B片段片段)This of course created a new problem: dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago. Building owners were faced with a choice: either cha

22、nge the first floors of their buildings into basements, and the second stories into main floors, or hoist the entire buildings to meet the new street level. Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily. But what about large, heavy structures like the Tremont Hotel, which was a six-story

23、brick building?63. The underlined word “hoist” in Paragraph 4 means_. A. change B. lift C. repair D. decorate高考鏈接高考鏈接(2015四川四川, D片段片段) And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by artificial light. Blackbirds and seagulls are also being more nocturnal. Dr. Dominoni said, “In Glasgow where

24、I live, gulls are a serious problem. I have people coming to me saying You are the bird expert. Can you help us kill these gulls? During the breeding(繁殖)season, between April and June, they are very active at night and very noisy and people cant sleep.”44. What does the underlined word “nocturnal” in Paragraph 5 mean? A. Active at night. B. Inactive at night. C. Active during the day. D. Inactive during the day.特別關(guān)注特別關(guān)注(2015新課標(biāo)全國新課標(biāo)全國,C片段片段)