就近就遠原則概念和練習(xí)

1、-作者xxxx-日期xxxx就近就遠原則概念和練習(xí)【精品文檔】主謂：就近, 就遠原則一就遠原則 （謂語動詞與前面主語一致）代表詞匯：as well as; (together/along)with; Rather than; except; besides; but; including; in addition to; apart from例子：He rather than I is right. Nobody but two students is in the classroom.一、 當(dāng)主語后面與with, as well as, but, except, like, rather t

2、han, no less than, besides, including等名詞或代詞連用時，謂語動詞與第一個主語保持一致。1. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.A. was B. were C. had been D. would be2. A library along with five thousand books _to the nation as a gift. A.is offered B. has offered C.

3、 are offered D. have offered3. E-mail, as well as telephone, _ an important part in daily communication.A.is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play4. Nobody but Jane _the secret. A. know B. knows C. have known D.is known5. All but one _ here just now. A.is B.was C.has been 二. 就近一致原則，謂語與靠近的名詞、

4、代詞（有時不一定是主語）在“人稱、人數(shù)”上一致。一、在正式文體中：1.由下列詞語連接的并列主語：“there be+句型；or; either.or; nor; neither.nor; whether.or; not.but; not only.but also”等。(1) What he does or what he says does not concern me.他的行為或言談與我無關(guān)。(2) Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都沒錯。(3) Not you but your father is to blame.不是你，而是你的父親該受責(zé)備。(4)Not

5、only you but (also) he is wrong.不僅你錯了，他也錯了。6. Either you or the headmaster _the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.A. was handing out B. are to hand outC. are handing out D. is to hand out7. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _tired of having one examination after another.A.is B. 2. 在倒裝句中

6、，謂語可與后面第一個主語一致。(1) In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people. 在遠處，能聽見鼓掌和人們的呼喊聲。(2) There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk.桌上有一支鋼筆和幾本書。非正式文體中：有時依“就近”和“意義”一致的原則；但語法上，“no one”才是主語，謂語要改成“agrees”?！皩懽髦小币话阋馈罢Z法一致”原則。總結(jié)：英語就近原則短語1. There be句型 There is a book and so

7、me pencils on the desk. =There are some pencils and a book on the desk.2. Neither.nor.Neither you nor he is right.= Neither he nor you are right.3. either.or.Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday.=Either Jim or they are going to Shanghai next Saturday.4. not only.but also.Not only An

8、n but also her parents stay at home every Sunday.=Not only Anns parents but also she stays at home every Sunday.三、 當(dāng)“the only one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句”，且關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，定語從句的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，當(dāng)“one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句”，且關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，定語從句的謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。8. He is the only one of the students who _a winner of scholarship for thr

9、ee years.A.is B. are C. have been D. has been9. She is one of the few girls who _in the kindergarten.A. is well paid B. are well paid C. is paying well D. are paying well四、 當(dāng)news, means, maths, plastics, physics等在形式上是復(fù)數(shù)概念，而在意義上是單數(shù)概念的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。10. Every possible means _to prevent the pollution

10、, but the sky is still not clear.A.is used B. are used C. has been used D. have been used五、當(dāng)分數(shù)（百分數(shù)）+ of + 名詞作主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于of后面名詞的數(shù)。11. _of the land in that distrcit_covered with trees and glass.A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; areC. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are六、the number of.(.的數(shù)目)短語作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)

11、形式；當(dāng)a number of.(許多.)短語作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。12. The number of people invited _fifty, but a number of them _absent for different reasons.A. were; was B. was; was C. was; was D. were; were七、當(dāng)“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時，謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式。13. When and where to build the new factory _ yet.A. is not decided B. are not decidedC. h

12、as not decided D. have not decided練習(xí)題:1、In our school library, there _a number of books on science and the number of them _become larger and larger.A、have; is B、is ；have C、are；is D、is；are2、Either you or Tom _a boss.A、is B、are C、have D、has3、There _any new words in Lesson Two, its too easy.A、is B、are

13、C、arent D、isnt4、Tom，there _a dictionary and some books on your desk. Please put them away.-Ok, mom. I will do it right away.A、is B、are C、has D、isnt5、_Lucy _Lily is going with you, because one of them must stay at home.A、not only；but also B、neither；nor C、either；or D、both；and6 Neither my father nor my mother _rock music. They think that its too_.A、like; noise B、likes; noisy C、likes; noise D、like; noisy7. The head teacher with his students _ Nature Park if it _tomorrow.A、is going to；will rain B、are going to; doesnt rain C、is going to; doesn