一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的概念

1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.概念：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常的、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。2. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成主要有兩種形式：(1)be 型：句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只有be(am，is 或 are)：a.肯定句中，只出現(xiàn)be，如：I am a student.我是一名學(xué)生。b.否定句中，要在be 后面加 not，如：She isnt a teacher她.不是教師。c.一般疑問(wèn)句，要將be 放在句子開(kāi)頭(注意句首字母大寫(xiě))，句尾用問(wèn)號(hào)，答語(yǔ)用Yes，主語(yǔ)+be. 或 No ，主語(yǔ) +be+not. 如： Are you ready?你準(zhǔn)備好了嗎 ? Yes，I am.是的，我準(zhǔn)備好了。( No ， Im

2、not. 不，我沒(méi)準(zhǔn)備好。)(2)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞型 ：句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞(也叫行為動(dòng)詞)：a.肯定句中，只出現(xiàn)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，如：I get up in the morning. 我早晨起床。b.否定句中， 要在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前面加 do(does)+not ，do(does)作助動(dòng)詞， 本身無(wú)意義， 常與 not 縮寫(xiě)成 dont(doesnt)，如： I dont like vegetables.我不喜歡蔬菜。c.一般疑問(wèn)句，要在句子開(kāi)頭加助動(dòng)詞Do(does)，句尾用問(wèn)號(hào)，簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ)用Yes，主語(yǔ)+do(does).或 No ，主語(yǔ) +do(does)+not. 如： Do you like oran

3、ges?你喜歡桔子嗎? Yes， I do.是的，我喜歡。( No ， I dont. 不，我不喜歡。)3.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法1) 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：on Sunday等。I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 我每天早上7 點(diǎn)去上學(xué)。2) 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)。every, sometimes, at,The earth moves around the sun. 地球繞著太陽(yáng)。Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中國(guó)的東部。3) 表示格言或警句中。Pride

4、 goes before a fall. 驕者必?cái)　?) 現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個(gè)性。Xiao Wang writes good English but does not speak well.小王的英語(yǔ)書(shū)面表達(dá)能力比口語(yǔ)好?！?No. 1】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的定義及構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、存在的狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。構(gòu)成 :主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形 +賓語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用行為動(dòng)詞的原形，但第三人稱單數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。（一般的動(dòng)詞詞尾+S。以 sh/ch/ss/x結(jié)尾的詞 +es.以輔音字母Y 結(jié)尾的把Y 變成 i 再 +es。輔音字母 +o 結(jié)尾的 +es.特殊變化：

5、 have變?yōu)?has)【No. 2 】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的應(yīng)用(1)在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常與以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)聯(lián)用：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays例句：He usually plays football on Sundays.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)練習(xí)一.用詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.What time_ his father_(do) the work?2.He _(get) up at five o clock.3._ you _(brush) your teeth e

6、very morning.4.What _ ( do ) he usually _( do ) after school?5.Tom _ ( study ) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.6. Kitty sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.7.At eight at night, she _( watch ) TV with her parents.8. _ Mike_( read ) English every day?9.How many lessons_ your

7、 classmates_( have ) on Monday?10.We often_ ( play ) football in the playground.二選擇() 1. _ you have a book?A. DoB. AreC. IsD. Have)2. They _ on a farm.A. workingB. is workC. workD. is worked) 3. Does Peter like to watch TV?_.A. Yes, he likeB. No, he doesn tC. Yes, hed likeD. No, he likes)4. She does

8、nt _ her homework in the afternoon.A. doingB. to doC. doesD. do)5. How _ Mr. Brown _ to America?A. do,goB. is,goC. does,goD. does,goes)6. Wheres my camera? I_ it.A. am not findingB. am not seeingC. can t findD. cant look at)7. How _ he go to work?He _ to work by bike.A. does ;goB. do;goesC. do ;goD.

9、 does;goes)8. _ you usually late for school?No, _.A. Do ; I amB. Does ;notC. Are ; I m notD. Are ; I aren t)9. _ she _ home at six every day?A. Is , leaveB. Does , leaveC. Is , leaves D. Does , left)10. Mr. Yang _ English this term.A. teaches ourB. teaches us C. teachs usD. teach our三按要求完成句子1.Tom do

10、es his homework at home.否定句 :_一般疑問(wèn)句 :_2.She has a lot of work to do this week.(改一般疑問(wèn)句 )_3.We have a big TV set in our house.(改為否定句 )_4.Does she have any English-Chinese dictionary?(作否定回答 )_5.Wehave some nice pictures.主(語(yǔ)改為he)_現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的講解與練習(xí)。可用來(lái)表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，常用的有：now, this week, at this moment，right now或

11、者告訴你一個(gè)準(zhǔn)確的現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，或者用look, listen （常用于句子的開(kāi)頭，表示提醒聽(tīng)者注意正在發(fā)生的事情）（一）基本用法：（1）表示（說(shuō)話瞬間）正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。I m visiting my friends now.也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。He is always working hard.他總是非常努力地工作。(表示贊揚(yáng) )等；（ 2）謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成： be (am/ is/ are) v-ing （動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞）【注意】 be 動(dòng)詞要與主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。如：I m watching TV now. 我現(xiàn)在正在看電視。 They re p

12、laying football. 他們正在踢足球。（ 3）現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成。a.一般情況下在動(dòng)詞詞尾加ing。go goingb.以不發(fā)音的e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去掉have havingtake takingask e 加（問(wèn)，詢問(wèn)）askinging。make（做，制造） makingwritelook looking（寫(xiě)）writingc.以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母，再加get gettingsit（坐）sitting put （放）-ing。puttingrun（跑） runningswim swimmingbegin（開(kāi)始）beginningshop shoppingd

13、.特殊形式lie-lyingdie-dying（四）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的肯定式、否定式、疑問(wèn)式及簡(jiǎn)略回答。（ 1）肯定式：主語(yǔ) +be v-ing + 其他 He is running. 他正在跑。（ 2）否定式：主語(yǔ) +be not v-ing + 其他 He is not running.The students aren t cleaning the roomw.這no些學(xué)生現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有在打掃房間。（3）一般問(wèn)句： be 動(dòng)詞提前?！癇e+主語(yǔ)+v-ing+ 其他？”肯定答語(yǔ)Yes，主語(yǔ) be.否定答語(yǔ) No ，主語(yǔ) be not.Is he running?Yes, he is.No, he i

14、sn t.Are The students cleaning the room now?Yes, they are.No, they aren t.（4）特殊問(wèn)句式：“疑問(wèn)詞 +be 主語(yǔ) v-ing其他？”a. 對(duì)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行提問(wèn)的： What be 主語(yǔ) doing其他？What is the old man doing under the tree? 那個(gè)老人正在樹(shù)下面做什么呢？b. 對(duì)其他成份進(jìn)行提問(wèn)的，疑問(wèn)詞一般疑問(wèn)句？Where is the boy swimming? 那個(gè)男孩正在哪里游泳？Who is she waiting for? 她正在等誰(shuí)呢？五、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的

15、區(qū)別（一）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作的暫時(shí)性，而一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示動(dòng)作的習(xí)慣性和經(jīng)常性 I am watching TV now. （暫時(shí)性）我現(xiàn)在在看電視。I watch TV every day. （經(jīng)常性）我每天都看電視。（二）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示短暫性動(dòng)作，而一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示長(zhǎng)久性動(dòng)作。Lucy is living in Beijing. （短時(shí)間居?。┞段鲿簳r(shí)住在北京。Lucy lives in Beijing. （長(zhǎng)久性居住）露西在北京居住或生活。（三）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作可帶有感情色彩，而一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)所表述的動(dòng)作通常是事實(shí)。You re always forgetting the most impo

16、rtant things.（責(zé)備）你總是愛(ài)忘記最重要的事情。He is always helping others. （贊揚(yáng)）他一直都在幫助他人。He often helps others. （事實(shí)）他經(jīng)常幫助別人。（四）有些動(dòng)詞不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)， know, understand, love, like, hate, wish, want, think, hope, have, believe, agree, hear, see, notice。這些動(dòng)詞通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示說(shuō)話時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。1)表示“擁有”的動(dòng)詞。如have (has) 等。例句： I have a nice bike now.

17、 (我現(xiàn)在有一輛漂亮的自行車。)不能說(shuō)成 : I am having a nice bike now.2) 有些表示感覺(jué)的感官動(dòng)詞。如： see, find, look (看起來(lái) )，hear (聽(tīng)見(jiàn) )等。例句： We see him. (我們看見(jiàn)他。 )不能說(shuō)成： We are seeing him.但是，有些表示感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞，如：listen to, look at 等可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如： They are listening to the teacher. 他(們?cè)诼?tīng)老師講課。)3)表示“喜歡”“厭惡”的動(dòng)詞。如：like, love, hate (討厭 )等。例句： We love o

18、ur country. (我們熱愛(ài)祖國(guó)。)不可說(shuō) : We are loving our country.4)表示知識(shí)或腦力的動(dòng)詞。如：think, know, forget 等。例句： I think you are right. ( 我認(rèn)為你是對(duì)的。)不能說(shuō)成： I am thinking you are right.5)表示狀態(tài)的be 動(dòng)詞“是”。例句： She is at home. 她(在家。 )不能說(shuō)成： She is being at home.6)表示“希望”、“愿望”、“心愿”等的動(dòng)詞。如：want 等詞。例句： I want to see her now. (我現(xiàn)在就想見(jiàn)到

19、她。)不能說(shuō)成： I am wanting to see her now.【典型例題】一、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Look! There _(be) a lot of people over there. What _they _ (do) now?2. What _ your mother _ (do)? She is a teacher.3. It _ (rain) heavily outside now. You must stay at home.4. Don t sing. The baby _(sleep).5. My brother _ (not like) pla

20、ying basketball, but he _ (like) playing football.6. What _ you usually _ (do) on Sunday? I usually _ (stay) at home and _ (do) my homework.7. Listen! The girls _ (sing) in the next room.8.My sister _ (want) to be a teacher.9.It s seven o clock now. The Greens _ (have) supper.10. He often _ (swim) o

21、n Sundays. Look! He _ (swim) at the pool.二、單項(xiàng)選擇1.I want _ homework now.A. doingB. to doC. to do myD. do my2.It s time _.A. go to schoolB. play gamesC. to go homeD. to do my homeworks3.The boy is _ to his teacher.A. sayingB. speakingC. talkingD. telling4.I m _ a book in the room.A. watchingB. seeingC

22、. readingD. looking5.Where _ he _ from?A. is, comeB. do, comeC. does, comeD. is, from6.Do they have a new car? Yes, _.A. they areB. they haveC. they don tD. they do7.He often _ supper at 6:00 in the evening.A. haveB. hasC. is havingD. is eating8.It s 6 o clock in the morning. He _.A. get upB. gets u

23、pC. is geting upD. is getting up9.What are you doing? I m _ TV.A. watchB. watchesC. to watchD. watching10. We _ any Chinese classes on Friday.A. are havingB. aren t havingC. don t haveD. are have11. Tom _ an English class now.A. is havingB. hasC. havingD. have12. Are you playing basketball? No, we _

24、.A. isn tB. aren tC. notD. don t三、按要求改寫(xiě)句子1. The boy is playing basketball.否定句： _一般疑問(wèn)句： _肯定回答： _否定回答： _對(duì)“ The boy”提問(wèn)：2. Mrs. White is watching TV. （劃線部分提問(wèn)）_3. They are waiting for you at the library.（就劃線部分提問(wèn)）_4. they are doing housework .(分別改成一般疑問(wèn)句和否定句)_5. The students are cleaning the classroom . (改

25、一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定和否定回答)_一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)綜合練習(xí)一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式1.work_read_ clean_ write_2.teach_ wash_ guess_watch_3. go_do_photo_4.study_ fly_cry_play_5. have_二、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式1.work_sing_play_ study_2. dance_ have_write_ take_3. run_ sit_ shop_swim_三、選擇題練習(xí)1.Who _ over there now?A. singingB. are singC. is singingD

26、. sing2.It s eight o clock. The students _ an English class.A. haveB. havingC. is having D. are having3.Listen! The baby _ in the next room.A. cryingB. criedC. is cryingD. cries4.Look! The twins _ new sweaters.A. are wearingB. wearingC. are wearD. is wearing5.Don t talk here. Grandparents _.A. is sl

27、eepingB. are sleepingC. sleepingD. sleep6.Tom is a worker. He _ in a factory. His sisters _ in a hospital.A. work/ workB. works/ workC. work/ works7.Who _ English best in your class?A. speakB. speaks C. speaking8.Mrs Read _ the windows every day.A. is cleaningB. cleanC. cleans9.We _ music and often

28、_ to music.A. like/ listenB. likes/ listensC. like/ are listening10. She _ up at six in the morning.A. getB. getsC. getting11. On Sunday he sometimes _ his clothes and sometimes _ some shopping.A. wash/ doB. is washing/ is doingC. washes/ does12. The twins usually _ milk and bread for breakfast, but

29、 Jim _ some coffee for it.A. have/ haveB. have/ hasC. has/ have13I want_homework now.A. doingB. to doC. to do myD. do my14Its time_.A. go to schoolC. to go homeB. play gamesD. to do my homeworks15_you_the blackboard?Yes,I am.A.Can, cleanB. Am, cleaningC. Are, cleaningD. Do, clean16_go and help her.A

30、. Lets meB.Lets usC.LetsD. Lets to17. Do they have a new car? Yes,_.A.they are B.they haveC.they dontD.they do18.He often _ supper at 6:00 in the evening.A. haveB. hasC. is having D. is eating19.It s 6 o clock in the morning. He _.A. get upB. gets upC. is geting upD. is getting up20.What are you doi

31、ng? I m _TV.A. watchB. watchesC. to watchD. watching21.We _ any Chinese classes on Friday.A. are havingB. aren t having C. don t haveD. have22.Tom _ an English class now.A. is havingB. hasC. havingD. have23.Are you playing basketball?No, we _.A. isnBt. aren t C. notD. don t24.Listen! The girl _ in t

32、he room.A. singsB. singingC. is singingD. are singing25.Where _ he _ from?A. is, comeB. do, comeC. does, comeD. is , from26.Listen! They _ in the next room.A. singB. is singingC. are singingD. were singing27.Lucy is always busy. She _ only five hours every day.A. is sleepingB. will sleepC. would sle

33、epD. sleeps28.It s eight o clock. The students _ an English class.A. haveB. havingC. is havingD. are having29.-Is your father a doctor?-Yes, he is. He _ in Town Hospital.A. has workedB. is workingC. worksD. worked30.-Excuse me, where is Jim?-Oh, he _ dumplings in the kitchen.A. makesB. will makeC. i

34、s makingD. made31.Don t turn on the TV. Grandma _ now.A. is sleepingB. will sleepC. sleptD. sleeps32. -_ you _ a book?-Yes, I am.A. Do; readB. Are; readC. Are; readingD. Are; looking33. Sometimes she _ in the day, but now she is _.A. works; workingB. working; workC. work; workingD. work; work34. Kat

35、e _, and the others _.A. sing; listenB. is singing; is listening C. sing; are listening D. is singing; arelistening35. -Tom _ the piano in the room.-Please ask him to come here.A. playB. playsC. playedD. is playing四、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. My father always _(come) back from work very late.2. The teacher is busy. He _ (sleep) six hours a day.3. Listen! Joan _(sing) in the classroom. She